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1373 Cincinnati

February 20, 2023

1373 Cincinnati, provisional designation 1935 QN, is an asteroid in a comet-like orbit from the Cybele region,[12] located at the outermost rim of the asteroid belt, approximately 20 kilometers (12 miles) in diameter. It was the only asteroid discovery made by famous American astronomer Edwin Hubble, while observing distant galaxies at Mount Wilson Observatory in California on 30 August 1935.[1] The rather spherical X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 5.3 hours.[3] It was named for the Cincinnati Observatory.[1]

1373 Cincinnati
Discovery[1]
Discovered byE. Hubble
Discovery siteMount Wilson Obs.
Discovery date30 August 1935
Designations
(1373) Cincinnati
Named after
Cincinnati Observatory[1]
1935 QN
main-belt[1] · (outer)[2][3]
Cybele[4] · ACO[5]
Orbital characteristics[2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc82.62 yr (30,176 d)
Aphelion4.4958 AU
Perihelion2.3457 AU
3.4208 AU
Eccentricity0.3143
6.33 yr (2,311 d)
98.044°
0° 9m 20.88s / day
Inclination38.936°
297.47°
99.148°
TJupiter2.7190
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
19.448±0.175 km[6][7]
19.751±0.165 km[8]
22.16±1.66 km[9]
5.2834±0.0002 h[10]
0.119[9]
0.1518[8]
0.155[6][7]
SMASS = X k[11]
M[8]
11.20[6][8][9]
11.5[1][2][3]

Orbit and classification

Cincinnati orbits the Sun in the outermost asteroid belt at a distance of 2.3–4.5 AU once every 6 years and 4 months (2,311 days; semi-major axis of 3.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.31 and an inclination of 39° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Mount Wilson in August 1935.[1]

Cincinnati, a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population,[13] is located in the orbital region of the Cybele asteroids, the last outpost of an extended asteroid belt beyond the Hecuba-gap asteroids. Due to its high inclination, and contrary to all other Cybele asteroids, Cincinnati is the only one that is above the center of the ν6 secular resonance with Saturn.[4]: 2  The asteroid's high inclination and eccentricity also results in a Tisserand's parameter (TJupiter) of 2.719, which makes it a true asteroid in cometary orbit (ACO) for having a TJupiter value below 3.[5]

Naming

Recommended by the Minor Planet Center, this minor planet was named after the Cincinnati Observatory, whose staff provided most of the orbit computations. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 31 January 1962 (M.P.C. 2116).[14]

Physical characteristics

In the SMASS classification, Cincinnati is a Xk-type, a subtype that transitions from the X-type to the uncommon K-type asteroids,[11] while the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer classifies it as a metallic M-type asteroid.[3][8] By 2014, Cincinnati is the only of three Cybele asteroids for which a spectral type has been determined; the other two are 522 Helga and 692 Hippodamia, an X- and S-type, respectively.[4]: 3 

Rotation period

In January 2018, a rotational lightcurve of Cincinnati was obtained from photometric observations by Henk de Groot.[10] Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5.2834±0.0002 hours and a brightness variation of 0.10 magnitude (U=2+).[10] The low brightness amplitude is indicative that is asteroid is rather spherical than elongated in shape.

Alternative period determinations were made by French amateur astronomer René Roy (5.274 h; Δ0.21 mag) in August 2004 (U=2).[10] Two more lightcurves were obtained by Brian Warner at this Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado, United States, in August 2004 and August 2010, who measured a period of 4.930 and 5.28 hours with an amplitude of 0.11 and 0.14 magnitude, respectively.[15][16][a]

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Cincinnati measures between 19.4 and 19.8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.15–0.16,[6][7][8] while the Japanese Akari satellite determined a diameter of 22.16 kilometers with an albedo of 0.12.[9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a carbonaceous asteroid of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 27.9 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.5.[3]

Notes

  1. ^ Lightcurve plot of (1373) Cincinnati, Palmer Divide Observatory (716), B. D. Warner (2010). Summary figures at the LCDB.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "1373 Cincinnati (1935 QN)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1373 Cincinnati (1935 QN)" (2018-04-23 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d e "LCDB Data for (1373) Cincinnati". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  4. ^ a b c Carruba, V.; Nesvorný, D.; Aljbaae, S.; Huaman, M. E. (July 2015). "Dynamical evolution of the Cybele asteroids". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 451 (1): 244–256. arXiv:1505.03745. Bibcode:2015MNRAS.451..244C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv997.
  5. ^ a b Licandro, J.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; de León, J.; Pinilla-Alonso, N.; Lazzaro, D.; Campins, H. (April 2008). "Spectral properties of asteroids in cometary orbits" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 481 (3): 861–877. Bibcode:2008A&A...481..861L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078340. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  6. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  7. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID 119293330.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010. (catalog)
  9. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  10. ^ a b c d Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1373) Cincinnati". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
  11. ^ a b "Asteroid 1373 Cincinnati – Asteroid Taxonomy V6.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
  12. ^ De Prá, M. N.; et al. (September 2018), "PRIMASS visits Hilda and Cybele groups", Icarus, 311: 35–51, arXiv:1711.02071, Bibcode:2018Icar..311...35D, doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2017.11.012, S2CID 119383924.
  13. ^ "Asteroid (1373) Cincinnati – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  14. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2009). "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.
  15. ^ Warner, Brian D. (March 2005). "Lightcurve analysis for asteroids 242, 893, 921, 1373, 1853, 2120, 2448 3022, 6490, 6517, 7187, 7757, and 18108". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (1): 4–7. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32....4W. ISSN 1052-8091.
  16. ^ Warner, Brian D. (January 2011). "Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory: 2010 June–September". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (1): 25–31. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...25W. ISSN 1052-8091.

External links

  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
  • Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
  • 1373 Cincinnati at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
    • Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
  • 1373 Cincinnati at the JPL Small-Body Database  
    • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

February 20, 2023
1373, cincinnati, provisional, designation, 1935, asteroid, comet, like, orbit, from, cybele, region, located, outermost, asteroid, belt, approximately, kilometers, miles, diameter, only, asteroid, discovery, made, famous, american, astronomer, edwin, hubble, . 1373 Cincinnati provisional designation 1935 QN is an asteroid in a comet like orbit from the Cybele region 12 located at the outermost rim of the asteroid belt approximately 20 kilometers 12 miles in diameter It was the only asteroid discovery made by famous American astronomer Edwin Hubble while observing distant galaxies at Mount Wilson Observatory in California on 30 August 1935 1 The rather spherical X type asteroid has a rotation period of 5 3 hours 3 It was named for the Cincinnati Observatory 1 1373 CincinnatiDiscovery 1 Discovered byE HubbleDiscovery siteMount Wilson Obs Discovery date30 August 1935DesignationsMPC designation 1373 CincinnatiNamed afterCincinnati Observatory 1 Alternative designations1935 QNMinor planet categorymain belt 1 outer 2 3 Cybele 4 ACO 5 Orbital characteristics 2 Epoch 27 April 2019 JD 2458600 5 Uncertainty parameter 0Observation arc82 62 yr 30 176 d Aphelion4 4958 AUPerihelion2 3457 AUSemi major axis3 4208 AUEccentricity0 3143Orbital period sidereal 6 33 yr 2 311 d Mean anomaly98 044 Mean motion0 9m 20 88s dayInclination38 936 Longitude of ascending node297 47 Argument of perihelion99 148 TJupiter2 7190Physical characteristicsMean diameter19 448 0 175 km 6 7 19 751 0 165 km 8 22 16 1 66 km 9 Synodic rotation period5 2834 0 0002 h 10 Geometric albedo0 119 9 0 1518 8 0 155 6 7 Spectral typeSMASS X k 11 M 8 Absolute magnitude H 11 20 6 8 9 11 5 1 2 3 Contents 1 Orbit and classification 2 Naming 3 Physical characteristics 3 1 Rotation period 3 2 Diameter and albedo 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksOrbit and classification EditCincinnati orbits the Sun in the outermost asteroid belt at a distance of 2 3 4 5 AU once every 6 years and 4 months 2 311 days semi major axis of 3 42 AU Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0 31 and an inclination of 39 with respect to the ecliptic 2 The body s observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Mount Wilson in August 1935 1 Cincinnati a non family asteroid of the main belt s background population 13 is located in the orbital region of the Cybele asteroids the last outpost of an extended asteroid belt beyond the Hecuba gap asteroids Due to its high inclination and contrary to all other Cybele asteroids Cincinnati is the only one that is above the center of the n6 secular resonance with Saturn 4 2 The asteroid s high inclination and eccentricity also results in a Tisserand s parameter TJupiter of 2 719 which makes it a true asteroid in cometary orbit ACO for having a TJupiter value below 3 5 Naming EditRecommended by the Minor Planet Center this minor planet was named after the Cincinnati Observatory whose staff provided most of the orbit computations The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 31 January 1962 M P C 2116 14 Physical characteristics EditIn the SMASS classification Cincinnati is a Xk type a subtype that transitions from the X type to the uncommon K type asteroids 11 while the Wide field Infrared Survey Explorer classifies it as a metallic M type asteroid 3 8 By 2014 Cincinnati is the only of three Cybele asteroids for which a spectral type has been determined the other two are 522 Helga and 692 Hippodamia an X and S type respectively 4 3 Rotation period Edit In January 2018 a rotational lightcurve of Cincinnati was obtained from photometric observations by Henk de Groot 10 Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 5 2834 0 0002 hours and a brightness variation of 0 10 magnitude U 2 10 The low brightness amplitude is indicative that is asteroid is rather spherical than elongated in shape Alternative period determinations were made by French amateur astronomer Rene Roy 5 274 h D0 21 mag in August 2004 U 2 10 Two more lightcurves were obtained by Brian Warner at this Palmer Divide Observatory in Colorado United States in August 2004 and August 2010 who measured a period of 4 930 and 5 28 hours with an amplitude of 0 11 and 0 14 magnitude respectively 15 16 a Diameter and albedo Edit According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA s WISE telescope Cincinnati measures between 19 4 and 19 8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0 15 0 16 6 7 8 while the Japanese Akari satellite determined a diameter of 22 16 kilometers with an albedo of 0 12 9 The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for a carbonaceous asteroid of 0 057 and calculates a diameter of 27 9 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11 5 3 Notes Edit Lightcurve plot of 1373 Cincinnati Palmer Divide Observatory 716 B D Warner 2010 Summary figures at the LCDB References Edit a b c d e f g 1373 Cincinnati 1935 QN Minor Planet Center Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b c d JPL Small Body Database Browser 1373 Cincinnati 1935 QN 2018 04 23 last obs Jet Propulsion Laboratory Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b c d e LCDB Data for 1373 Cincinnati Asteroid Lightcurve Database LCDB Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b c Carruba V Nesvorny D Aljbaae S Huaman M E July 2015 Dynamical evolution of the Cybele asteroids Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 451 1 244 256 arXiv 1505 03745 Bibcode 2015MNRAS 451 244C doi 10 1093 mnras stv997 a b Licandro J Alvarez Candal A de Leon J Pinilla Alonso N Lazzaro D Campins H April 2008 Spectral properties of asteroids in cometary orbits PDF Astronomy and Astrophysics 481 3 861 877 Bibcode 2008A amp A 481 861L doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20078340 Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b c d Mainzer A K Bauer J M Cutri R M Grav T Kramer E A Masiero J R et al June 2016 NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1 0 NASA Planetary Data System EAR A COMPIL 5 NEOWISEDIAM V1 0 Bibcode 2016PDSS 247 M Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b c Masiero Joseph R Grav T Mainzer A K Nugent C R Bauer J M Stevenson R et al August 2014 Main belt Asteroids with WISE NEOWISE Near infrared Albedos The Astrophysical Journal 791 2 11 arXiv 1406 6645 Bibcode 2014ApJ 791 121M doi 10 1088 0004 637X 791 2 121 S2CID 119293330 a b c d e f Mainzer A Grav T Masiero J Hand E Bauer J Tholen D et al November 2011 NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids Preliminary Results The Astrophysical Journal 741 2 25 arXiv 1109 6407 Bibcode 2011ApJ 741 90M doi 10 1088 0004 637X 741 2 90 S2CID 35447010 catalog a b c d Usui Fumihiko Kuroda Daisuke Muller Thomas G Hasegawa Sunao Ishiguro Masateru Ootsubo Takafumi et al October 2011 Asteroid Catalog Using Akari AKARI IRC Mid Infrared Asteroid Survey Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 5 1117 1138 Bibcode 2011PASJ 63 1117U doi 10 1093 pasj 63 5 1117 online AcuA catalog p 153 a b c d Behrend Raoul Asteroids and comets rotation curves 1373 Cincinnati Geneva Observatory Retrieved 13 December 2018 a b Asteroid 1373 Cincinnati Asteroid Taxonomy V6 0 Small Bodies Data Ferret Retrieved 29 October 2019 De Pra M N et al September 2018 PRIMASS visits Hilda and Cybele groups Icarus 311 35 51 arXiv 1711 02071 Bibcode 2018Icar 311 35D doi 10 1016 j icarus 2017 11 012 S2CID 119383924 Asteroid 1373 Cincinnati Proper elements AstDyS 2 Asteroids Dynamic Site Retrieved 25 May 2018 Schmadel Lutz D 2009 Appendix Publication Dates of the MPCs Dictionary of Minor Planet Names Addendum to Fifth Edition 2006 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg p 221 doi 10 1007 978 3 642 01965 4 ISBN 978 3 642 01964 7 Warner Brian D March 2005 Lightcurve analysis for asteroids 242 893 921 1373 1853 2120 2448 3022 6490 6517 7187 7757 and 18108 The Minor Planet Bulletin 32 1 4 7 Bibcode 2005MPBu 32 4W ISSN 1052 8091 Warner Brian D January 2011 Lightcurve Analysis at the Palmer Divide Observatory 2010 June September The Minor Planet Bulletin 38 1 25 31 Bibcode 2011MPBu 38 25W ISSN 1052 8091 External links EditAsteroid Lightcurve Database LCDB query form info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine Dictionary of Minor Planet Names Google books Asteroids and comets rotation curves CdR Observatoire de Geneve Raoul Behrend Discovery Circumstances Numbered Minor Planets 1 5000 Minor Planet Center 1373 Cincinnati at AstDyS 2 Asteroids Dynamic Site Ephemeris Observation prediction Orbital info Proper elements Observational info 1373 Cincinnati at the JPL Small Body Database Close approach Discovery Ephemeris Orbit diagram Orbital elements Physical parameters Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1373 Cincinnati amp oldid 1140067830, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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