There are two established hypotheses about the etymology of the Švenčionys name: one that it is the name of the nearby lake Šventas (literally: saint) with the addition of the Lithuanian suffix -onys; another is that it is derived from the personal name, Švenčionis. In other languages the name is rendered as Polish: Święciany, Belarusian: Свянця́ны/Svianciany, Russian: Свентя́ны/Sventiany, Yiddish: סווינציאַן, romanized: Svintsyán, and German: Schwintzen.
The city was part of the Second Polish Republic for most of the interwar period. It was a powiat centre in Wilno Voivodeship as Święciany under Polish times between 1920 and 1939. It had a significant Jewish population (according to the 1897 Russian census – 52%),[5] but during World War II, under German occupation, the Švenčionys Ghetto was established. It operated from July 1941 to April 1943. At its peak, the ghetto housed some 1,500 prisoners. The Jewish inhabitants were deported and murdered.[6]
Jacob Samuel Minkin (1885–1962), American rabbi, hospital chaplain, and expert on Hasidism
Referencesedit
^"Lithuania 2011 Census". Lietuvos statistikos departamentas. 2011.
^ abJonas Zinkus; et al., eds. (1985–1988). "Švenčionys". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija. Vol. 4. Vilnius, Lithuania: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 233. LCCN 86232954.
^Meyer, Hermann Julius (1908). Meyers grosses Konvesations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 19 (6th ed.). Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographisches Institut. p. 227.
^"The First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue and districts* in 50 Governorates of the European Russia". Demoscope Weekly. Institute of Demography of the State University - Higher School of Economics.
^"Lithuania". Holocaust Encyclopedia. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved 2011-03-04.
Švenčionys, pronunciation, german, schwintzen, known, also, several, alternative, names, kilometers, north, vilnius, lithuania, capital, district, municipality, 2020, update, population, which, about, were, part, polish, minority, lithuania, citychurchcoat, ar. Svencionys pronunciation German Schwintzen known also by several alternative names is 84 kilometers 52 mi north of Vilnius in Lithuania It is the capital of the Svencionys district municipality As of 2020 update it had a population of 4 065 of which about 17 were part of the Polish minority in Lithuania 1 SvencionysCityChurchCoat of armsSvencionysLocation of SvencionysCoordinates 55 08 00 N 26 09 20 E 55 13333 N 26 15556 E 55 13333 26 15556Country LithuaniaCountyVilnius CountyMunicipalitySvencionys district municipalityEldershipSvencionys eldershipCapital ofSvencionys district municipalitySvencionys eldershipFirst mentioned1486Granted city rights1800Population 2020 Total4 065Time zoneUTC 2 EET Summer DST UTC 3 EEST Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Notable residents 4 References 5 External linksEtymology editThere are two established hypotheses about the etymology of the Svencionys name one that it is the name of the nearby lake Sventas literally saint with the addition of the Lithuanian suffix onys another is that it is derived from the personal name Svencionis In other languages the name is rendered as Polish Swieciany Belarusian Svyancya ny Svianciany Russian Sventya ny Sventiany Yiddish סווינציא ן romanized Svintsyan and German Schwintzen History edit nbsp Svencionys was the location of one of many Roman Catholic churches where the priests had to know the Lithuanian language according to the Grand Duke of Lithuania Alexander Jagiellon in 1501One of the oldest towns in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania the settlement was a major center of Nalsia Grand Duke Vytautas settled Lipka Tatars in the town and built a Catholic church in 1414 The place grew from the 14th to 16th centuries becoming the site of a local court and monastery After the Third Partition of Poland Lithuania in 1795 Svencionys came under Russian rule From 1801 the town was part of the Russian Vilna Governorate and grew significantly after completion of the Saint Petersburg Warsaw Railway in 1862 but eventually was out competed by Svencioneliai which grew up around the train station 2 At the turn of the 20th century the town had one Greek Orthodox church and one Roman Catholic church 3 During the 1812 French invasion of Russia Napoleon stayed in the town for 12 hours to write orders and receive an envoy from the King of Naples 4 The town was one of the main centers of the November Uprising 1830 1831 in Poland and Lithuania against the Russian Empire During World War I it was the location of the German Sventiany Offensive Year Pop 2 1833 1 128 1880 6 795 1897 6 025 1931 5 893 1959 4 006 1970 4 617 The city was part of the Second Polish Republic for most of the interwar period It was a powiat centre in Wilno Voivodeship as Swieciany under Polish times between 1920 and 1939 It had a significant Jewish population according to the 1897 Russian census 52 5 but during World War II under German occupation the Svencionys Ghetto was established It operated from July 1941 to April 1943 At its peak the ghetto housed some 1 500 prisoners The Jewish inhabitants were deported and murdered 6 On 18 September 1939 Svencionys was occupied by the Red Army and on 14 November 1939 incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR The Soviets placed it first in part of Vileyka Oblast of the Belorussian SSR in 1939 then into the Lithuanian SSR on 25 November 1940 Svencionys was occupied by the German Army from 27 June 1941 to 7 July 1944 and placed under the administration of the Generalbezirk Litauen of Reichskommissariat Ostland In 1942 the Lithuanian Security Police murdered several hundred Poles in the village 7 Most of the municipal area remained part of the Lithuanian SSR except the Ashmyany region which was reincorporated into Belarus in 1944 Notable residents editYitzhak Arad 1926 2021 Israeli historian director of Yad Vashem from 1972 to 1993 Mordecai Kaplan 1881 1983 Rabbi and founder of the Reconstructionist Judaism movement Mark Natanson 1850 1919 Russian revolutionary Wiktor Thommee 1881 1962 Polish general Franciszek Zwirko 1895 1932 Polish aviator Menke Katz 1906 1991 Yiddish language poet Jacob Samuel Minkin 1885 1962 American rabbi hospital chaplain and expert on HasidismReferences edit Lithuania 2011 Census Lietuvos statistikos departamentas 2011 a b Jonas Zinkus et al eds 1985 1988 Svencionys Tarybu Lietuvos enciklopedija Vol 4 Vilnius Lithuania Vyriausioji enciklopediju redakcija p 233 LCCN 86232954 Meyer Hermann Julius 1908 Meyers grosses Konvesations Lexikon in German Vol 19 6th ed Leipzig and Vienna Bibliographisches Institut p 227 Armand Augustin Louis de Caulaincourt Jean Hanoteau 1938 Memoirs of General de Caulaincourt Duke of Vicenza Vol 1 Cassell and Co pp 135 136 The First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897 Breakdown of population by mother tongue and districts in 50 Governorates of the European Russia Demoscope Weekly Institute of Demography of the State University Higher School of Economics Lithuania Holocaust Encyclopedia United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Retrieved 2011 03 04 PRZEGLAD MEDIoW 15 marca 2005 r in Polish Institute of National Remembrance 2005 03 15 Archived from the original on 2011 06 11 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Svencionys Official Website Svencionys Lithuania at JewishGen Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Svencionys amp oldid 1206259071, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
