Łukasz Górnicki (1527 in Oświęcim – 22 July 1603 in Lipniki by Tykocin), was a Polish Renaissance, poet, humanist, political commentator as well as secretary and chancellor of king Sigismund Augustus of Poland. His family used Ogończyk coat of arms.
He wrote a number of works both poetic and political. Górnicki is most famous from his Dworzanin polski, an adaptation of Baldassare Castiglione's Book of the Courtier (Il cortegiano).
Łukasz Górnicki was born in Oświęcim. He was the son of Marcin Góra and Anna Gąsiorkówna, poor townspeople from Bochnia. Górnicki began his education there. His early life was heavily influenced by his uncle Stanisław Gąsiorek, called Anserinu, a cleric at and director of the royal chapel on Wawel, as well as author of Polish patriotic verses and composer. Stanisław took an interest in his nephew and brought him to Kraków in 1538, seeing to the young man's studies and court carrier, and eventually declaring Górnicki his heir.
The exact contours of Górnicki's education are uncertain, though it can be said that he never entered the Kraków Academy.
At the court of Sigismund Augustedit
Górnicki worked at court from his youth until his death. In this time he had ample opportunity to encounter the courtly life surrounding the king. In 1548 he went on bishop Filip Padniewski's diplomatic mission to Transylvania. From 1552 he worked in the royal chancery under the direction of the chancellor Jan Przerembski. In 1552 Górnicki travelled with Przerembski in the king's service Gdańsk, Kaliningrad, and Lithuania.
In this period he took low orders, and received a few benefices as a result. Having gained some financial stability from these benefices and from his uncle's will, Górnicki set off for Italy for two years in 1557. Resident in Padua, he studied law at the university there. He returned to Poland in February 1559.
Dworzanin Polskiedit
Title page of Dworzanin polski
From 1559 to mid-1565, Górnicki worked on a translation and adaptation of Baldassare Castiglione's Book of the Courtier (Il cortegiano). This was published in Kraków as Dworzanin polski (lit.'Polish Courtier') in 1566 and was dedicated to King Sigismund August. Górnicki followed Castiglione's model, but changed it to match the Polish situation. He moved the discussion at the base of the text from the court of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro in Urbino in 1507 to the residence of Bishop Samuel Maciejowski in Prądnik Biały near Kraków in 1549. In that conversation the participants discuss the ideal courtier, a nonchalant man of good family, who brings together good manners and breeding with honor and education. The discussants in Górnicki's version were: Wojciech Kryski, Stanisław Maciejowski, Andrzej Kostka, Aleksander Myszkowski, Jan Dreśniak, Stanisław Wapowski, Stanisław Bojanowski and Stanisław Lupa Podlodowski (father-in-law of Jan Kochanowski).
For this work Górnicki received a noble title from King Sigismund, as well as the Ogończyk coat of arms in 1561.
Later lifeedit
Between 1574 and 1579 Górnicki married Barbara Broniewska, his junior by almost 30 years, daughter of Stanisław Broniowski, Master of the Horse in Przemyśl.
Łukasz Górnicki died in Lipniki pod Tykocinem on 22 July 1603. He was buried in Tykocin in the Bernardine church on the island of Narew.
Worksedit
Rozmowa O Elekcyey, o Wolności, o Prawie y obyczaiach Polskich Podczas Electiey Krola Iego Mci Zygmunta III czyniona [...]. Kraków, 1616.
Unterredung von der Wahl, Freyheit, Gesetzen und Sitten der Pohlen [...]. Wrocław; Leipzig, 1753.
Lucas Gornicki, Starosten von Tykocin und Wasilkow, Unterredung von der Wahl, Freyheit, Gesetzen und Sitten der Pohlen, zur Zeit der Wahl Sigismund des Dritten verfertiget und ohnlängst nach verbesserter alten pohlnischen Schreibart aufs neue herausgegeben durch J.Z.R.K. Nunmehro [...] ins Deutsche übersetzet und mit [...] dem Leben des Auctoris versehen von Christian Gottlieb Friesen. Wrocław, 1762.
Clarissimi Viri Lucae Gornickij […] Actio Adversus Demetrium Et Pro Demetrio, Latine Versa […] = Sławnego Męża Łukasza Gornickiego […] Sprawa Przeciw Dymitrowi Y Za Dymitrem. Wilno, 1788.
Rozmowa o Elekcyi, o Wolności, o Prawie, y obyczaiach Polskich. Podczas Elekcyi Króla Jego Mći Zygmunta III czyniona. Pisana przez Łukasza Gornickiego [...]. Teraz nowo wydana y w stylu Staro-Polskim nieco poprawiona przez J. Z. R. K.. Warsaw, 1750-1795.
Nowy Karakter Polski Z Drukarnie Lazarzowey: Y Orthographia Polska: Iana Kochanowskiego, [...] Lukasza Gornickie[go], [...] Iana Ianuszowskiego, Kraków 1594. (Co-authored with Jan Kochanowski and Jan Januszowski.)
Bibliographyedit
Bodniak, Stanisław. Karta z bibljotekarskich i starościńskich zajęć Górnickiego. Kraków, 1928.
Kozielewski, Ignacy. Łukasz Górnicki: studium historyczno-literackie. Lwów, 1929.
Lichański, Jakub Zdzisław. Łukasz Górnicki. Wrocław, 1982.
Lichański, Jakub Zdzisław. Łukasz Górnicki: sarmacki Castiglione. Warsaw, 1998.
Lowenfeld, Rafał. Łukasz Górnicki, jego życie i dzieła: przyczynek do dziejów humanizmu w Polsce. Warsaw, 1884.
Noworolskiej, B., and W. Steca. Łukasz Górnicki i jego czasy. Białystok, 1993.
Salwa, P., ed. Łukasz Górnicki i jego włoskie inspiracje. Warsaw, 2005.
Pollak, Roman. "Górnicki Łukasz (1527-1603)." In Polski Słownik Biograficzny, vol. 8, part. 3. Wrocław, 1960.
Referencesedit
December 15, 2023
Łukasz, górnicki, 1527, oświęcim, july, 1603, lipniki, tykocin, polish, renaissance, poet, humanist, political, commentator, well, secretary, chancellor, king, sigismund, augustus, poland, family, used, ogończyk, coat, arms, portrait, górnicki, tykocin, castle. Lukasz Gornicki 1527 in Oswiecim 22 July 1603 in Lipniki by Tykocin was a Polish Renaissance poet humanist political commentator as well as secretary and chancellor of king Sigismund Augustus of Poland His family used Ogonczyk coat of arms Portrait of Gornicki at Tykocin CastleHe wrote a number of works both poetic and political Gornicki is most famous from his Dworzanin polski an adaptation of Baldassare Castiglione s Book of the Courtier Il cortegiano Contents 1 Life 1 1 Youth and education 1 2 At the court of Sigismund August 1 3 Dworzanin Polski 1 4 Later life 2 Works 3 Bibliography 4 ReferencesLife editYouth and education edit Lukasz Gornicki was born in Oswiecim He was the son of Marcin Gora and Anna Gasiorkowna poor townspeople from Bochnia Gornicki began his education there His early life was heavily influenced by his uncle Stanislaw Gasiorek called Anserinu a cleric at and director of the royal chapel on Wawel as well as author of Polish patriotic verses and composer Stanislaw took an interest in his nephew and brought him to Krakow in 1538 seeing to the young man s studies and court carrier and eventually declaring Gornicki his heir The exact contours of Gornicki s education are uncertain though it can be said that he never entered the Krakow Academy At the court of Sigismund August edit Gornicki worked at court from his youth until his death In this time he had ample opportunity to encounter the courtly life surrounding the king In 1548 he went on bishop Filip Padniewski s diplomatic mission to Transylvania From 1552 he worked in the royal chancery under the direction of the chancellor Jan Przerembski In 1552 Gornicki travelled with Przerembski in the king s service Gdansk Kaliningrad and Lithuania In this period he took low orders and received a few benefices as a result Having gained some financial stability from these benefices and from his uncle s will Gornicki set off for Italy for two years in 1557 Resident in Padua he studied law at the university there He returned to Poland in February 1559 Dworzanin Polski edit nbsp Title page of Dworzanin polskiFrom 1559 to mid 1565 Gornicki worked on a translation and adaptation of Baldassare Castiglione s Book of the Courtier Il cortegiano This was published in Krakow as Dworzanin polski lit Polish Courtier in 1566 and was dedicated to King Sigismund August Gornicki followed Castiglione s model but changed it to match the Polish situation He moved the discussion at the base of the text from the court of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro in Urbino in 1507 to the residence of Bishop Samuel Maciejowski in Pradnik Bialy near Krakow in 1549 In that conversation the participants discuss the ideal courtier a nonchalant man of good family who brings together good manners and breeding with honor and education The discussants in Gornicki s version were Wojciech Kryski Stanislaw Maciejowski Andrzej Kostka Aleksander Myszkowski Jan Dresniak Stanislaw Wapowski Stanislaw Bojanowski and Stanislaw Lupa Podlodowski father in law of Jan Kochanowski For this work Gornicki received a noble title from King Sigismund as well as the Ogonczyk coat of arms in 1561 Later life edit Between 1574 and 1579 Gornicki married Barbara Broniewska his junior by almost 30 years daughter of Stanislaw Broniowski Master of the Horse in Przemysl Lukasz Gornicki died in Lipniki pod Tykocinem on 22 July 1603 He was buried in Tykocin in the Bernardine church on the island of Narew Works editRozmowa O Elekcyey o Wolnosci o Prawie y obyczaiach Polskich Podczas Electiey Krola Iego Mci Zygmunta III czyniona Krakow 1616 Unterredung von der Wahl Freyheit Gesetzen und Sitten der Pohlen Wroclaw Leipzig 1753 Lucas Gornicki Starosten von Tykocin und Wasilkow Unterredung von der Wahl Freyheit Gesetzen und Sitten der Pohlen zur Zeit der Wahl Sigismund des Dritten verfertiget und ohnlangst nach verbesserter alten pohlnischen Schreibart aufs neue herausgegeben durch J Z R K Nunmehro ins Deutsche ubersetzet und mit dem Leben des Auctoris versehen von Christian Gottlieb Friesen Wroclaw 1762 Clarissimi Viri Lucae Gornickij Actio Adversus Demetrium Et Pro Demetrio Latine Versa Slawnego Meza Lukasza Gornickiego Sprawa Przeciw Dymitrowi Y Za Dymitrem Wilno 1788 Rozmowa o Elekcyi o Wolnosci o Prawie y obyczaiach Polskich Podczas Elekcyi Krola Jego Mci Zygmunta III czyniona Pisana przez Lukasza Gornickiego Teraz nowo wydana y w stylu Staro Polskim nieco poprawiona przez J Z R K Warsaw 1750 1795 Nowy Karakter Polski Z Drukarnie Lazarzowey Y Orthographia Polska Iana Kochanowskiego Lukasza Gornickie go Iana Ianuszowskiego Krakow 1594 Co authored with Jan Kochanowski and Jan Januszowski Bibliography editBodniak Stanislaw Karta z bibljotekarskich i staroscinskich zajec Gornickiego Krakow 1928 Czarnik Bronislaw Zywot Lukasza Gornickiego Lwow 1883 Kozielewski Ignacy Lukasz Gornicki studium historyczno literackie Lwow 1929 Lichanski Jakub Zdzislaw Lukasz Gornicki Wroclaw 1982 Lichanski Jakub Zdzislaw Lukasz Gornicki sarmacki Castiglione Warsaw 1998 Lowenfeld Rafal Lukasz Gornicki jego zycie i dziela przyczynek do dziejow humanizmu w Polsce Warsaw 1884 Noworolskiej B and W Steca Lukasz Gornicki i jego czasy Bialystok 1993 Salwa P ed Lukasz Gornicki i jego wloskie inspiracje Warsaw 2005 Pollak Roman Gornicki Lukasz 1527 1603 In Polski Slownik Biograficzny vol 8 part 3 Wroclaw 1960 References edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lukasz Gornicki amp oldid 1150284096, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
