In 1941 he started working for the Free French movement in Turkey, heading operations there from 1942, and was charged with developing clandestine contacts to members of the Résistance working in Vichy French embassies in the Balkan States. From 1945 - 1951 he was stationed in Czechoslovakia, first as Embassy Secretary in Prague, then as consul general in Bratislava. Along with other Western diplomats, he was expelled from the country in 1951, allegedly for espionage and support for "elements hostile to the regime".[1] Between 1951 and 1969 he held various posts, including director of the cabinet of the socialist Ministre d'EtatGuy Mollet (from 1958–1959) and director of Asie-Océanie à l'Administration Centrale (Central Administration for Far Eastern Affairs) at the foreign ministry (Quai d'Orsay) from 1960–1969, where he was influential in setting up negotiations between Washington and Hanoi during the Vietnam War.[2] From 1969-1975, Manac'h served as French ambassador to the People's Republic of China.
Controversy surrounding possible activity as a Soviet agentedit
Manac'h was a member of the French communist party from 1934 to 1939, thus leaving himself vulnerable to accusations of espionage[3] (after the war he became a socialist and was a member of the SFIO from c. 1959 to 1969). During the Second World War he had official contacts to the Soviet secret service and later as a diplomat he was responsible for relations with the Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries.
Later lifeedit
In 1975 he retired to Pont-Aven in his native Brittany, buying the house Lezaven, where the painter Paul Gauguin had his studio. He died there, 17 years later.
Referencesedit
^Journal intime: de la France libre à la Guerre froide, p. 443
^John Gunther Dean: Danger Zones. A Diplomat's Fight for America's Interests. - Washington D.C. : Vellum, 2009 (= Memoirs and Occasional Papers Series) (p. 49-51, 53, 90, 93)
^more details can be found in the introduction to Journal intime 1939-1951, p. 9-11
The Indochinese Experience of the French and the Americans by Arthur J. Dommen, Indiana University Press, p. 681
"Deux étudiants "Coloniaux" à Paris à l'Aube des années trente" by Jean-François Sirinelli, Vingtième Siècle, 1988
December 20, 2023
Étienne, manac, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, april, 2009, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, lat. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message Etienne Manac h later known as Etienne Manoel Manac h February 3 1910 in Plouigneau Brittany 1992 was a French career diplomat and author Contents 1 Life 1 1 Early life 1 2 Diplomatic career 1 3 Controversy surrounding possible activity as a Soviet agent 1 4 Later life 2 References 3 Bibliography 4 Further readingLife editEarly life edit Manac h attended Morlaix College from 1922 until 1925 and following the family s move to Paris attended the Lycee Buffon where he received his baccalaureat in 1929 After the classe preparatoire at the Lycee Louis le Grand he studied philosophy at the Sorbonne graduating in 1931 and obtaining his Diplome d etudes superieures in 1934 After teaching in France and military service he went on to teach philosophy and French literature at Galatasaray High School Istanbul between 1938 and 1942 Diplomatic career edit In 1941 he started working for the Free French movement in Turkey heading operations there from 1942 and was charged with developing clandestine contacts to members of the Resistance working in Vichy French embassies in the Balkan States From 1945 1951 he was stationed in Czechoslovakia first as Embassy Secretary in Prague then as consul general in Bratislava Along with other Western diplomats he was expelled from the country in 1951 allegedly for espionage and support for elements hostile to the regime 1 Between 1951 and 1969 he held various posts including director of the cabinet of the socialist Ministre d Etat Guy Mollet from 1958 1959 and director of Asie Oceanie a l Administration Centrale Central Administration for Far Eastern Affairs at the foreign ministry Quai d Orsay from 1960 1969 where he was influential in setting up negotiations between Washington and Hanoi during the Vietnam War 2 From 1969 1975 Manac h served as French ambassador to the People s Republic of China Controversy surrounding possible activity as a Soviet agent edit Manac h was a member of the French communist party from 1934 to 1939 thus leaving himself vulnerable to accusations of espionage 3 after the war he became a socialist and was a member of the SFIO from c 1959 to 1969 During the Second World War he had official contacts to the Soviet secret service and later as a diplomat he was responsible for relations with the Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries Later life edit In 1975 he retired to Pont Aven in his native Brittany buying the house Lezaven where the painter Paul Gauguin had his studio He died there 17 years later References edit Journal intime de la France libre a la Guerre froide p 443 John Gunther Dean Danger Zones A Diplomat s Fight for America s Interests Washington D C Vellum 2009 Memoirs and Occasional Papers Series p 49 51 53 90 93 more details can be found in the introduction to Journal intime 1939 1951 p 9 11Bibliography editCompagnons d Europe Herve Kerven pseudon Paris Julliard 1949 Memoires d Extreme Asie Etienne M Manac h 3 vol Paris Fayard 1977 1982 Emilio recit a voix basse Etienne M Manac h avec la collab de Nella Masutti Paris Plon 1990 Journal intime 1926 1939 Paris Berlin Moscou Istanbul Etienne Manac h Morlaix Skol Vreizh 2008 Journal intime 1939 1951 De la France libre a la Guerre froide Etienne Manac h Morlaix Skol Vreizh 2010 Further reading editPower and Protest by Jeremi Suri Harvard University Press 2005 p 226 The Indochinese Experience of the French and the Americans by Arthur J Dommen Indiana University Press p 681 Deux etudiants Coloniaux a Paris a l Aube des annees trente by Jean Francois Sirinelli Vingtieme Siecle 1988 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Etienne Manac 27h amp oldid 1101731449, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
