Ämari Air Base
Ämari Air Base [note 1] (ICAO: EEEI) is a military airbase in Harjumaa, Estonia located 7 km (4.3 mi) south of Lake Klooga and 20 nautical miles (37 km; 23 mi) southwest of Tallinn.[1]
| Ämari Air Base | |
|---|---|
| Keila, Harju County in Estonia | |
Insignia of Ämari Air Base | |
Ämari Shown within Estonia Ämari Ämari (Europe) | |
| Coordinates | 59°15′44″N 024°13′07″E / 59.26222°N 24.21861°E |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Estonian Defence Forces |
| Operator | Estonian Air Force |
| Site history | |
| In use | 1945 - present |
| Airfield information | |
| Identifiers | ICAO: EEEI |
| Elevation | 20 metres (66 ft) AMSL |
| Sources: Estonian AIP[1] | |
The base was opened in 1945.[2]
History edit
Ämari Air Base was built between 1940–1952 under an agreement signed by the Estonian SSR and the Soviet Union. In 1945, the USSR Ministry of Defense established a naval reserve airfield of its Baltic Fleet there, where the amphibious seaplanes of the 69th Long-Range Reconnaissance Regiment Catalina PBY-5A and the escort fighter jets Yak-9P began to be based. It became the main airport for the units located in Ämari in 1952.
In November 1967, the 88th Aviation Regiment of Fighter-Bombers was formed at the airfield, remaining until August 1984, after which it was relocated to Kanatovo airfield, at Kirovograd, Ukraine. From 1967 to 1973 the regiment flew the MiG-17, from 1970 to 1980 - the MiG-21PFM, and since 1980 - the MiG-27D (K).[3]
In 1977, the 321st fighter-bomber aviation regiment was formed at the airfield. The regiment operated Su-7B aircraft. In 1987, the regiment was retrained on the Su-24 and transferred to the 132nd Bomber Aviation Division. In 1994, the regiment was disbanded at the airfield.
During the Vietnam War the base was a training facility for Soviet pilots to fly MiG-15, MiG-15bis, Mig-17 and MiG-19 aircraft before deployment to North Vietnam as "Military advisor pilots" and deployment to Arab countries during the wars against Israel. After 1975, the units replaced their obsolete MiGs for Sukhoi planes. Later, Ämari was home to 321 and/or 170 MShAP (321st and/or 170th Naval Shturmovik Aviation Regiment) flying Su-24 aircraft.[4] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Russian Air Force continued to administer the base until it was handed over to Estonia in 1994.
The Estonian Air Force Air Surveillance Wing was created in January 1998 and is located at the base.
After Estonia's accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 2004, the base was made NATO interoperable. NATO aircraft have been stationed at the base since 2014.[5]
Current use edit
Since April 2014, the base has hosted NATO Baltic Air Policing patrols.[6] On 30 April 2014 this mission began with the arrival of four Royal Danish Air Force F-16s.[7]
During 2015 it was announced that the aerial assets from the American Operation Atlantic Resolve would be based there.[8]
In September 2015, Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor fighters visited Ämari.[9]
From April 2023, RAF Eurofighter Typhoon jets of IX Squadron were based at Ämari, as part of the Quick Reaction Force for Operation Azotize, Nato's Baltic Air Policing mission, replacing the Luftwaffe's Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 71 "Richthofen" squadron (Typhoon).[10]
See also edit
References and notes edit
- References
- ^ a b "eAIP Estonia". Estonian Air Navigation Services (ANS). Retrieved 2016-07-27.
- ^ . ИА REGNUM. 2016-05-18. Archived from the original on 2016-05-19. Retrieved 2016-05-19.
- ^ Michael Holm (2016). "321st Bomber Aviation Regiment". The Luftwaffe, 1933-45. from the original on 2016-03-30. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
- ^ "Aviatsiya VMF". Aviabaza KPOI.
- ^ "Estonia". CIA World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
- ^ "Augmenting Baltic Air Policing Nations hand over responsibility". NATO. 2016.
- ^ "NATO opens an air base in Estonia". estonianworld.com. 2 May 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
- ^ AirForces Monthly. Stamford, Lincolnshire, England: Key Publishing Ltd. November 2015. p. 15.
- ^ Glorious photos of US F-22 fighter jets arriving in Russia's backyard in Business Insider, published September 2015
- ^ Ukraine war: Nato watches Russian 'Zombies' in Estonia, Frank Gardner, BBC Online, 2023-05-23
- Notes
- ^ Also given in references as Suurküla (original Estonian name), Vasalemma, Emari, Suurkyul, Shuurkyul, and Shuurkul - last forms of the Estonian names are derivates of names Russian-speaking military personnel used when it was used by the Soviet military."