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Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye

May 12, 2024

Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye (died c. 1749) was a French colonial soldier who was interim governor of Saint-Domingue (Haiti) three times in the 18th century.

Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye
Governor of Saint-Domingue (interim)
In office
4 February 1732 – 27 October 1732
Preceded byAntoine-Gabriel, marquis de Vienne de Busserolles
Succeeded byPierre, marquis de Fayet
Governor of Saint-Domingue (interim)
In office
11 July 1737 – 11 November 1737
Preceded byPierre, marquis de Fayet
Succeeded byCharles Brunier, marquis de Larnage
Governor of Saint-Domingue (interim)
In office
17 November 1746 – 12 August 1748
Preceded byCharles de Brunier, marquis de Larnage
Succeeded byJoseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil
Personal details
Diedc. 1749
NationalityFrench
OccupationSoldier

Early career edit

Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye came to Saint-Domingue in 1697, and served without interruption until 1749.[1][a] He was a major in Léogâne in 1713 and in Le Cap (Cap-Haïtien) in 1714. He was the king's lieutenant in Le Cap in 1717. In 1720 he was made a knight of the Order of Saint Louis.[2] In 1723 Chastenoye succeeded Jean-Pierre de Charitte as governor of Saint Croix and Le Cap.[3] Chastenoye and his son were both governors of La Cap and lieutenants to the governor general of Saint-Domingue, and both lived in Le Cap.[4] His son was Achille de Cochard de Chastenoye, Marquis de Chastenoye.[5][b]

Interim governor general edit

Antoine Gabriel de Vienne de Busserrolles, Governor-General of Saint-Domingue, died at Fort-Dauphin (Fort-Liberté) on 4 February 1732. Etienne de Chastenoye served as interim governor from 4 February 1732 to 27 October 1732. The new governor, Pierre, marquis de Fayet was received on 27 October 1732.[7] In 1737 Chastenoye was appointed lieutenant to the Governor General of Saint-Domingue en 1737.[2] Fayet died in Petit-Goâve on 11 March 1737.[7] Chastenoye was again interim governor from 11 July 1737 to 11 November 1737. Charles Brunier, Marquis de Larnage, was received on 11 November 1737. He died at Petit-Goâve on 19 November 1746.[7]

Chastenoye was interim governor for the third time between 17 November 1746 and 12 August 1748.[8] In 1747 there were increasingly poor relations between France and the States-General of the Netherlands. Charles de Tubières de Caylus arrested the Dutch traders at Martinique, and Chastonoye reluctantly followed suit. This was a problem to the colonists, who depended on the Dutch for many of their supplies. It was partly solved by Dutch traders who now claimed to be Danish, and thus eligible to trade.[9]

On 22 March 1748 a squadron of British ships under Admiral Charles Knowles entered the harbor of Port Saint Louis, which was guarded by an island castle with 24 feet (7.3 m) high stone walls, 78 guns, 310 troops and a company of black gunners. In the Battle of Saint-Louis-du-Sud, the British ships anchored under the ramparts and fired steadily for three hours, causing 160 casualties to the garrison. Chastenoye, who was commanding the fort, sued for terms. The British seized four ships, blew up the fort and left on 30 March 1748.[10]

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle of 24 April 1748 ended the War of the Austrian Succession.[8] Chastenoye was succeeded on 12 August 1748 by Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil.[7] On 17 January 1749 Chastenoye wrote to the minister Jean-Frédéric Phélypeaux, Count of Maurepas pointing out the commercial losses of the planters during the recent war and the expense of supplying blacks to work on the defenses, and calling for protection for their trade.[11] His son, Achille Cochart, marquis de Chastenoye, was appointed governor of La Cap on 1 November 1749.[12]

According to Médéric Louis Élie Moreau de Saint-Méry, Chatenoye earned the respect of the officers and the confidence of the settlers everywhere in the course of his long career.[1]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Another source says he was a lieutenant in Saint-Domingue in 1695.[2] There may have been a delay between his appointment and his arrival.
  2. ^ In March 1750 Anne-Charlotte le Tonnellier de Breteuil (10 January 1748 – 31 July 1799) married Achilles de Cochart (died 10 April 1787 in Paris), marquis de Chastenoye, knight of the Order of Saint Louis, Governor of Tortuga, Le Cap and the north part of Saint-Domingue, lieutenant general of the government of the Leeward Islands.[6]

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b Vaissière 1906, p. 78.
  2. ^ a b c Cochard de Chastenoye, Etienne, ANOM.
  3. ^ Jan 1951, p. 90.
  4. ^ Moreau de Saint Mery 1797, p. 494.
  5. ^ Base collaborative Pierfit.
  6. ^ Saint Allais 1818, p. 364.
  7. ^ a b c d Jan 1951, p. 6.
  8. ^ a b Jan 1951, p. 118.
  9. ^ Pares 2012, PT283.
  10. ^ Marley 2008, p. 408.
  11. ^ Dessalles 1848, p. 29.
  12. ^ Vaissière 1906, p. 79.

Sources edit

  • Base collaborative Pierfit, "Etienne COCHARD Cochard de Chastenoye", Geneanet (in French), retrieved 2019-11-09
  • "Cochard de Chastenoye, Etienne", ANOM: Archives nationales d'outre-mer (in French), retrieved 2019-11-09
  • Dessalles, Adrien (1848), Histoire politique et commerciale des Antilles ..., France, retrieved 10 November 2019
  • Jan, J.M. (1951), Les Congrégations religieuses à Saint-Domingue 1681-1793 (PDF) (in French), Port-au-Prince: Henri Deschamps, retrieved 2019-11-09
  • Marley, David F. (2008), Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present, ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-59884-100-8, retrieved 10 November 2019
  • Moreau de Saint Mery, Mederic Louis Elie (1797), Description topographique, physique, civile, politique et historique de la partie francaise de l'isle Saint Domingue (etc.), Paris, chez Dupont, libraire; Hambourg, chez les principaux libraires, retrieved 9 November 2019
  • Pares, Richard (12 October 2012), War and Trade in the West Indies, Routledge, ISBN 978-1-136-25905-0, retrieved 10 November 2019
  • Saint Allais, Nicolas Viton de (1818), Nobiliare universel de France, ou recueil général des généalogies historiques des maisons nobles de ce royaume (in French), retrieved 10 November 2019
  • Vaissière, Pierre de (April 1906), "Les origines de la colonisation et la formation de la société française à Saint-Domingue" (PDF), Revue des questions historiques (in French), Paris: bibliothèque numérique Manioc, retrieved 2019-11-10

May 12, 2024
Étienne, cochard, chastenoye, died, 1749, french, colonial, soldier, interim, governor, saint, domingue, haiti, three, times, 18th, century, governor, saint, domingue, interim, office, february, 1732, october, 1732preceded, byantoine, gabriel, marquis, vienne,. Etienne Cochard de Chastenoye died c 1749 was a French colonial soldier who was interim governor of Saint Domingue Haiti three times in the 18th century Etienne Cochard de ChastenoyeGovernor of Saint Domingue interim In office 4 February 1732 27 October 1732Preceded byAntoine Gabriel marquis de Vienne de BusserollesSucceeded byPierre marquis de FayetGovernor of Saint Domingue interim In office 11 July 1737 11 November 1737Preceded byPierre marquis de FayetSucceeded byCharles Brunier marquis de LarnageGovernor of Saint Domingue interim In office 17 November 1746 12 August 1748Preceded byCharles de Brunier marquis de LarnageSucceeded byJoseph Hyacinthe de Rigaud marquis de VaudreuilPersonal detailsDiedc 1749NationalityFrenchOccupationSoldier Contents 1 Early career 2 Interim governor general 3 Notes 4 Citations 5 SourcesEarly career editEtienne Cochard de Chastenoye came to Saint Domingue in 1697 and served without interruption until 1749 1 a He was a major in Leogane in 1713 and in Le Cap Cap Haitien in 1714 He was the king s lieutenant in Le Cap in 1717 In 1720 he was made a knight of the Order of Saint Louis 2 In 1723 Chastenoye succeeded Jean Pierre de Charitte as governor of Saint Croix and Le Cap 3 Chastenoye and his son were both governors of La Cap and lieutenants to the governor general of Saint Domingue and both lived in Le Cap 4 His son was Achille de Cochard de Chastenoye Marquis de Chastenoye 5 b Interim governor general editAntoine Gabriel de Vienne de Busserrolles Governor General of Saint Domingue died at Fort Dauphin Fort Liberte on 4 February 1732 Etienne de Chastenoye served as interim governor from 4 February 1732 to 27 October 1732 The new governor Pierre marquis de Fayet was received on 27 October 1732 7 In 1737 Chastenoye was appointed lieutenant to the Governor General of Saint Domingue en 1737 2 Fayet died in Petit Goave on 11 March 1737 7 Chastenoye was again interim governor from 11 July 1737 to 11 November 1737 Charles Brunier Marquis de Larnage was received on 11 November 1737 He died at Petit Goave on 19 November 1746 7 Chastenoye was interim governor for the third time between 17 November 1746 and 12 August 1748 8 In 1747 there were increasingly poor relations between France and the States General of the Netherlands Charles de Tubieres de Caylus arrested the Dutch traders at Martinique and Chastonoye reluctantly followed suit This was a problem to the colonists who depended on the Dutch for many of their supplies It was partly solved by Dutch traders who now claimed to be Danish and thus eligible to trade 9 On 22 March 1748 a squadron of British ships under Admiral Charles Knowles entered the harbor of Port Saint Louis which was guarded by an island castle with 24 feet 7 3 m high stone walls 78 guns 310 troops and a company of black gunners In the Battle of Saint Louis du Sud the British ships anchored under the ramparts and fired steadily for three hours causing 160 casualties to the garrison Chastenoye who was commanding the fort sued for terms The British seized four ships blew up the fort and left on 30 March 1748 10 The Treaty of Aix la Chapelle of 24 April 1748 ended the War of the Austrian Succession 8 Chastenoye was succeeded on 12 August 1748 by Joseph Hyacinthe de Rigaud marquis de Vaudreuil 7 On 17 January 1749 Chastenoye wrote to the minister Jean Frederic Phelypeaux Count of Maurepas pointing out the commercial losses of the planters during the recent war and the expense of supplying blacks to work on the defenses and calling for protection for their trade 11 His son Achille Cochart marquis de Chastenoye was appointed governor of La Cap on 1 November 1749 12 According to Mederic Louis Elie Moreau de Saint Mery Chatenoye earned the respect of the officers and the confidence of the settlers everywhere in the course of his long career 1 Notes edit Another source says he was a lieutenant in Saint Domingue in 1695 2 There may have been a delay between his appointment and his arrival In March 1750 Anne Charlotte le Tonnellier de Breteuil 10 January 1748 31 July 1799 married Achilles de Cochart died 10 April 1787 in Paris marquis de Chastenoye knight of the Order of Saint Louis Governor of Tortuga Le Cap and the north part of Saint Domingue lieutenant general of the government of the Leeward Islands 6 Citations edit a b Vaissiere 1906 p 78 a b c Cochard de Chastenoye Etienne ANOM Jan 1951 p 90 Moreau de Saint Mery 1797 p 494 Base collaborative Pierfit Saint Allais 1818 p 364 a b c d Jan 1951 p 6 a b Jan 1951 p 118 Pares 2012 PT283 Marley 2008 p 408 Dessalles 1848 p 29 Vaissiere 1906 p 79 Sources editBase collaborative Pierfit Etienne COCHARD Cochard de Chastenoye Geneanet in French retrieved 2019 11 09 Cochard de Chastenoye Etienne ANOM Archives nationales d outre mer in French retrieved 2019 11 09 Dessalles Adrien 1848 Histoire politique et commerciale des Antilles France retrieved 10 November 2019 Jan J M 1951 Les Congregations religieuses a Saint Domingue 1681 1793 PDF in French Port au Prince Henri Deschamps retrieved 2019 11 09 Marley David F 2008 Wars of the Americas A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere 1492 to the Present ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1 59884 100 8 retrieved 10 November 2019 Moreau de Saint Mery Mederic Louis Elie 1797 Description topographique physique civile politique et historique de la partie francaise de l isle Saint Domingue etc Paris chez Dupont libraire Hambourg chez les principaux libraires retrieved 9 November 2019 Pares Richard 12 October 2012 War and Trade in the West Indies Routledge ISBN 978 1 136 25905 0 retrieved 10 November 2019 Saint Allais Nicolas Viton de 1818 Nobiliare universel de France ou recueil general des genealogies historiques des maisons nobles de ce royaume in French retrieved 10 November 2019 Vaissiere Pierre de April 1906 Les origines de la colonisation et la formation de la societe francaise a Saint Domingue PDF Revue des questions historiques in French Paris bibliotheque numerique Manioc retrieved 2019 11 10 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Etienne Cochard de Chastenoye amp oldid 1164992412, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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