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Bass-baritone

July 27, 2023

A bass-baritone is a high-lying bass or low-lying "classical" baritone voice type which shares certain qualities with the true baritone voice. The term arose in the late 19th century to describe the particular type of voice required to sing three Wagnerian roles: the title role in Der fliegende Holländer, Wotan/Der Wanderer in the Ring Cycle and Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg. Wagner labelled these roles as Hoher Bass ("high bass")—see fach for more details.[1]

The bass-baritone voice is distinguished by two attributes. First, it must be capable of singing comfortably in a baritonal tessitura. Secondly, however, it needs to have the ripely resonant lower range typically associated with the bass voice. For example, the role of Wotan in Die Walküre covers the range from F2 (the F at the bottom of the bass clef) to F♯4 (the F♯ above middle C), but only infrequently descends beyond C3 (the C below middle C). Bass-baritones are typically divided into two separate categories: lyric bass-baritone and dramatic bass-baritone.[2]

Bass-baritones should not be confused with their vocal cousin—the so-called Verdi baritone. This type of Italianate baritone voice has a brighter tone colour and sings at a slightly higher tessitura than that possessed by the bass-baritone. In addition to the operas of Giuseppe Verdi, its natural home is to be found in operatic music composed after about 1830 by the likes of Donizetti, Ponchielli, Massenet, Puccini and the verismo composers.

The term bass-baritone is roughly synonymous with the Italian vocal classification basso cantante; for example, in the Verdian repertoire, Philip II in Don Carlos is sung by a true bass, while Ferrando in Il trovatore is often taken by a bass - baritone, though the two roles' ranges are very similar. In Debussy's Pelléas et Mélisande the role of Golaud, created by Hector Dufranne, sits between Pelleas (high baritone) and Arkel (bass). Some of the classical Mozart baritone roles such as Don Giovanni, Figaro and Gugliemo—composed before the term "baritone" gained currency—are occasionally played by a bass-baritone.[3]

Gilbert and Sullivan's Savoy operas usually featured a comic bass-baritone character, created to make use of D'Oyly Carte company member Richard Temple.

In short: the bass-baritone is a voice that has the resonant low notes of the typical bass allied with the ability to sing in a baritonal tessitura. Colloquially, it refers to a voice with a range and tone somewhere between a bass and a baritone.

The bass-baritone's required range can vary tremendously based on the role, with some less demanding than others. Many bass-baritones have ventured into the baritone repertoire, including (among others) Leopold Demuth, Georges Baklanoff, Rudolf Bockelmann, George London, Thomas Stewart, James Morris, and Bryn Terfel.

Repertoire

The following operatic parts are performed by bass-baritones but sometimes by high basses:

Core bass-baritone operatic parts:

Bass-baritone parts in Gilbert and Sullivan works:

Other bass-baritone parts:

See also

References

  1. ^ Stark, James (2003). Bel Canto: A History of Vocal Pedagogy. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-8614-3.
  2. ^ McKinney, James (1994). The Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults. Genovex Music Group. ISBN 978-1-56593-940-0.
  3. ^ "Bryn Terfel Opera Repertoire". Harlequin Agency Limited. 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2008-06-18. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

July 27, 2023
bass, baritone, bass, baritone, high, lying, bass, lying, classical, baritone, voice, type, which, shares, certain, qualities, with, true, baritone, voice, term, arose, late, 19th, century, describe, particular, type, voice, required, sing, three, wagnerian, r. A bass baritone is a high lying bass or low lying classical baritone voice type which shares certain qualities with the true baritone voice The term arose in the late 19th century to describe the particular type of voice required to sing three Wagnerian roles the title role in Der fliegende Hollander Wotan Der Wanderer in the Ring Cycle and Hans Sachs in Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg Wagner labelled these roles as Hoher Bass high bass see fach for more details 1 The bass baritone voice is distinguished by two attributes First it must be capable of singing comfortably in a baritonal tessitura Secondly however it needs to have the ripely resonant lower range typically associated with the bass voice For example the role of Wotan in Die Walkure covers the range from F2 the F at the bottom of the bass clef to F 4 the F above middle C but only infrequently descends beyond C3 the C below middle C Bass baritones are typically divided into two separate categories lyric bass baritone and dramatic bass baritone 2 Bass baritones should not be confused with their vocal cousin the so called Verdi baritone This type of Italianate baritone voice has a brighter tone colour and sings at a slightly higher tessitura than that possessed by the bass baritone In addition to the operas of Giuseppe Verdi its natural home is to be found in operatic music composed after about 1830 by the likes of Donizetti Ponchielli Massenet Puccini and the verismo composers The term bass baritone is roughly synonymous with the Italian vocal classification basso cantante for example in the Verdian repertoire Philip II in Don Carlos is sung by a true bass while Ferrando in Il trovatore is often taken by a bass baritone though the two roles ranges are very similar In Debussy s Pelleas et Melisande the role of Golaud created by Hector Dufranne sits between Pelleas high baritone and Arkel bass Some of the classical Mozart baritone roles such as Don Giovanni Figaro and Gugliemo composed before the term baritone gained currency are occasionally played by a bass baritone 3 Gilbert and Sullivan s Savoy operas usually featured a comic bass baritone character created to make use of D Oyly Carte company member Richard Temple In short the bass baritone is a voice that has the resonant low notes of the typical bass allied with the ability to sing in a baritonal tessitura Colloquially it refers to a voice with a range and tone somewhere between a bass and a baritone The bass baritone s required range can vary tremendously based on the role with some less demanding than others Many bass baritones have ventured into the baritone repertoire including among others Leopold Demuth Georges Baklanoff Rudolf Bockelmann George London Thomas Stewart James Morris and Bryn Terfel Repertoire EditThe following operatic parts are performed by bass baritones but sometimes by high basses Don Pizarro Fidelio by Ludwig van Beethoven Golaud Pelleas et Melisande by Claude Debussy Olin Blitch Susannah by Carlisle Floyd Mephistopheles Faust by Charles Gounod Leporello Don Giovanni by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Don Alfonso Cosi fan tutte by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Figaro The Marriage of Figaro by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Core bass baritone operatic parts Escamillo Carmen by Georges Bizet Igor Prince Igor by Alexander Borodin also sung by standard baritones Porgy Porgy and Bess by George Gershwin The 4 Villains Les contes d Hoffmann by Jacques Offenbach Scarpia Tosca by Giacomo Puccini also sung by standard baritones Dutchman The Flying Dutchman by Richard Wagner Hans Sachs Die Meistersinger by Richard Wagner Wotan Der Ring des Nibelungen by Richard Wagner Amfortas Parsifal by Richard Wagner Bass baritone parts in Gilbert and Sullivan works Trial by Jury Usher The Sorcerer Sir Marmaduke Pointdextre H M S Pinafore Dick Deadeye The Pirates of Penzance The Pirate King Patience Colonel Calverley Iolanthe Lord Mountararat Princess Ida King Hildebrand The Mikado The Mikado of Japan Ruddigore Sir Roderic Murgatroyd The Yeomen of the Guard Sergeant Meryll The Gondoliers Don Alhambra del Bolero Other bass baritone parts Romeo et Juliette by Hector Berlioz Symphony No 15 by Rued Langgaard Cantabile symphonic suite by Frederik Magle Gurre Lieder by Arnold SchoenbergSee also EditSoprano Alto Tenor Baritone BassReferences Edit Stark James 2003 Bel Canto A History of Vocal Pedagogy University of Toronto Press ISBN 978 0 8020 8614 3 McKinney James 1994 The Diagnosis and Correction of Vocal Faults Genovex Music Group ISBN 978 1 56593 940 0 Bryn Terfel Opera Repertoire Harlequin Agency Limited 2008 06 18 Retrieved 2008 06 18 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bass baritone amp oldid 1121474508, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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