Carlo Matteucci was born at Forlì, in the province of Romagna, to Vincenzo Matteucci, a physician, and Chiara Folfi. He studied mathematics at the University of Bologna from 1825 to 1828, receiving his doctorate in 1829.[1] From 1829 to 1831, he studied at the École Polytechnique in Paris, France. Upon returning to Italy, Matteucci studied at Bologna (1832), Florence, Ravenna (1837) and Pisa. He established himself as the head of the laboratory of the Hospital of Ravenna and became a professor of physics at the local college. In 1840, by recommendation of François Arago (1786–1853), his teacher at the École Polytechnique, to the Grand-Duke of Tuscany, Matteucci accepted a post of professor of physics at the University of Pisa.
Instigated by the work of Luigi Galvani (1737–1798) on bioelectricity, Matteucci began in 1830 a series of experiments which he pursued until his death in 1865. Using a sensitive galvanometer of Leopoldo Nobili, he was able to prove that injured excitable biological tissues generated direct electrical currents, and that they could be summed up by adding elements in series, like in Alessandro Volta’s (1745-1827) electric pile. Thus, Mateucci was able to develop what he called a "rheoscopic frog", by using the cut nerve of a frog's leg and its attached muscle as a kind of sensitive electricity detector. His work in bioelectricity influenced directly the research developed by Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896), a student of the great German biologist Johannes Peter Müller (1801–1858) in Berlin, who tried the duplicate Matteucci's experiments and ended up discovering the nerve's action potential. In 1844, for these studies, Matteucci was awarded with the Copley medal by the Royal Society.
From 1847, he took an active part in politics, and in 1860 was chosen an Italian senator, at the same time becoming inspector-general of the Italian telegraph lines. Two years later he was appointed Minister of Education.
Matteucci died in the Ardenza neighbourhood of Livorno in 1868.
Works
Lezioni di fisica, 1850
Matteucci was the author of four scientific treatises in physics:
Lezioni di fisica (2 vols., Pisa, 1841)
Lezioni sui fenomeni fisico-chimici dei corpi viventi (Pisa, 1844)
Manuale di telegrafia electrica (Pisa, 1850)
Cours spécial sur l'induction, le magnétisme de rotation, etc. (Paris, 1854).
Trattato dei fenomeni elettrofisiologici degli animali (1844)
Lezioni di fisica [Physics lessons] (in Italian). Pisa: Pieraccini. 1850.
Corso di elettrofisiologia (1857)
Corso di elettro-fisiologia [Course in Electro-physiology] (in Italian). Torino: Castellazzo e Vercellino. 1861.
His numerous papers were published in the Annales de chimie et de physique (1829–1858); and most of them also appeared at the time in the Italian scientific journals. They relate almost entirely to electrical phenomena, such as the magnetic rotation of light, the action of gas batteries, the effects of torsion on magnetism,[2] the electric polarization of electrodes, etc., sufficiently complete accounts of which are given in Wiedemann's Galvanismus.
Nine memoirs, entitled Electro-Physiological Researches, were published in the Philosophical Transactions, 1845–1860. See Bianchi's Carlo Matteucci e l’Italia del suo tempo (Rome, 1874).
Matteucci C., "Sur un phenomene physiologique produit par les muscles en contraction", Ann. Chim. Phys. 1842, 6, 339–341.
References
^Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Carlo Matteucci" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
^Matteucci, C. (1858). "Recherches expérimentales sur les phénomènes électromagnétiques développés par la torsion" [Experimental research on electromagnetic phenomena developed by torsion]. Annales de Chimie et de Physique (in French). 53 (385).
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Matteucci, Carlo". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links
Media related to Carlo Matteucci at Wikimedia Commons
March 14, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Carlo Matteucci news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Carlo Matteucci 20 or 21 June 1811 25 June 1868 was an Italian physicist and neurophysiologist who was a pioneer in the study of bioelectricity Carlo MatteucciBorn 1811 06 20 20 June 1811Forli Papal StatesDied25 June 1868 1868 06 25 aged 57 Livorno Tuscany Kingdom of ItalyNationalityItalianAlma materUniversity of Bologna PhD 1829 Known forBioelectricityAwardsCopley Medal 1844 Scientific careerFieldsPhysicsNeurophysiologyInstitutionsUniversity of Pisa Contents 1 Biography 2 Works 3 See also 4 Bibliography 5 References 6 External linksBiography EditCarlo Matteucci was born at Forli in the province of Romagna to Vincenzo Matteucci a physician and Chiara Folfi He studied mathematics at the University of Bologna from 1825 to 1828 receiving his doctorate in 1829 1 From 1829 to 1831 he studied at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris France Upon returning to Italy Matteucci studied at Bologna 1832 Florence Ravenna 1837 and Pisa He established himself as the head of the laboratory of the Hospital of Ravenna and became a professor of physics at the local college In 1840 by recommendation of Francois Arago 1786 1853 his teacher at the Ecole Polytechnique to the Grand Duke of Tuscany Matteucci accepted a post of professor of physics at the University of Pisa Instigated by the work of Luigi Galvani 1737 1798 on bioelectricity Matteucci began in 1830 a series of experiments which he pursued until his death in 1865 Using a sensitive galvanometer of Leopoldo Nobili he was able to prove that injured excitable biological tissues generated direct electrical currents and that they could be summed up by adding elements in series like in Alessandro Volta s 1745 1827 electric pile Thus Mateucci was able to develop what he called a rheoscopic frog by using the cut nerve of a frog s leg and its attached muscle as a kind of sensitive electricity detector His work in bioelectricity influenced directly the research developed by Emil du Bois Reymond 1818 1896 a student of the great German biologist Johannes Peter Muller 1801 1858 in Berlin who tried the duplicate Matteucci s experiments and ended up discovering the nerve s action potential In 1844 for these studies Matteucci was awarded with the Copley medal by the Royal Society From 1847 he took an active part in politics and in 1860 was chosen an Italian senator at the same time becoming inspector general of the Italian telegraph lines Two years later he was appointed Minister of Education Matteucci died in the Ardenza neighbourhood of Livorno in 1868 Works Edit Lezioni di fisica 1850 Matteucci was the author of four scientific treatises in physics Lezioni di fisica 2 vols Pisa 1841 Lezioni sui fenomeni fisico chimici dei corpi viventi Pisa 1844 Manuale di telegrafia electrica Pisa 1850 Cours special sur l induction le magnetisme de rotation etc Paris 1854 Trattato dei fenomeni elettrofisiologici degli animali 1844 Lezioni di fisica Physics lessons in Italian Pisa Pieraccini 1850 Corso di elettrofisiologia 1857 Corso di elettro fisiologia Course in Electro physiology in Italian Torino Castellazzo e Vercellino 1861 His numerous papers were published in the Annales de chimie et de physique 1829 1858 and most of them also appeared at the time in the Italian scientific journals They relate almost entirely to electrical phenomena such as the magnetic rotation of light the action of gas batteries the effects of torsion on magnetism 2 the electric polarization of electrodes etc sufficiently complete accounts of which are given in Wiedemann s Galvanismus Nine memoirs entitled Electro Physiological Researches were published in the Philosophical Transactions 1845 1860 See Bianchi s Carlo Matteucci e l Italia del suo tempo Rome 1874 See also EditMatteucci effect Matteucci MedalBibliography EditMatteucci C Sur un phenomene physiologique produit par les muscles en contraction Ann Chim Phys 1842 6 339 341 References Edit Herbermann Charles ed 1913 Carlo Matteucci Catholic Encyclopedia New York Robert Appleton Company Matteucci C 1858 Recherches experimentales sur les phenomenes electromagnetiques developpes par la torsion Experimental research on electromagnetic phenomena developed by torsion Annales de Chimie et de Physique in French 53 385 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Matteucci Carlo Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press External links Edit Media related to Carlo Matteucci at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Carlo Matteucci amp oldid 1113687992, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
