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European Union Aviation Safety Agency

March 08, 2023

"EASA" redirects here. For other uses, see EASA (disambiguation).

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency of the European Union (EU) with responsibility for civil aviation safety. It carries out certification, regulation and standardisation and also performs investigation and monitoring.[2]: §4.3  It collects and analyses safety data, drafts and advises on safety legislation and co-ordinates with similar organisations in other parts of the world.[2]: §4.3 

European Union Aviation Safety Agency

The offices of the agency in Cologne, Germany
Agency overview
Formed12 July 2002 (2002-07-12)
JurisdictionEuropean Union and EFTA members[1]
HeadquartersCologne, Germany
Agency executive
  • Patrick Ky, executive director
Key document
  • Regulation (EU) 2018/1139
Websiteeasa.europa.eu
Map
Cologne
European Union Aviation Safety Agency (European Union)

The idea of a European-level aviation safety authority goes back to 1996, but the agency was legally established only in 2002; it began its work in 2003.[2]: §4.3 

History

Based in Cologne, Germany, the agency was created on 15 July 2002 as the "European Aviation Safety Agency",[3] and reached full functionality in 2008,[citation needed] taking over functions of the Joint Aviation Authorities. It was renamed the "European Union Aviation Safety Agency" in 2018.[3] European Free Trade Association countries participate in the agency. The United Kingdom was a member until the end of the Brexit transition period on 31 December 2020.[4]

The responsibilities of the agency include the analysis and research of safety parameters, authorizing foreign operators, and advising the European Commission on the drafting of EU legislation. It also implements and monitors safety rules (including inspections in the member states), gives type certification of aircraft and components, and approves organisations involved in the design, manufacture and maintenance of aeronautical products.

As part of Single European Sky II (SES-II), an initiative to standardize and coordinate all air traffic control over the EU, the agency has been given additional tasks,[5] which were implemented before 2013.[6][7] Since 4 December 2012, EASA is able to certify functional airspace blocks if more than three parties are involved.[7]

The EU commission is proposing to further expand EASA mandate to act the European Performance Review Board, with a clear separation of National Supervisory Agencies and Air Navigation Service Providers[8]

In 2012, the European Court of Auditors (ECA) found that the agency did not have an agency-specific conflict of interest policy and procedures. EASA did not obtain or assess the declarations of interest for staff, management board, board of appeal and experts.[9] In its report, ECA declared that:

The worst performer among the four was the EASA, based in Cologne, which failed in all four areas that the report analyzed – on experts, staff, management board, and board of appeals.[10]

It was recommended that the organization adopt its own ethical standards because the then-existing condition exposed the agency to a substantial crisis of credibility as well as the incidence of favoritism and conflict of interest. For member-countries and other stakeholders, fairness is of paramount importance. This is because the European Union has been increasingly strengthening EASA's role, giving the agency independence. A discussion regarding the permission for the agency to impose financial penalties for safety violations is also underway.[11]

Responsibilities

EASA is responsible for new type certificates and other design-related airworthiness approvals for aircraft, engines, propellers and parts. EASA works with the EU member states' civil aviation authorities (CAAs) but has taken over many of their functions in the interest of aviation standardisation across the EU and in the non-EU member Turkey.[12] EASA is also responsible for assisting the European Commission in negotiating international harmonisation agreements with the "rest of the world" on behalf of the EU member states, and it concludes technical agreements at a working level directly with its counterparts around the world such as the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). EASA also sets policy for aeronautical repair stations (Part 145 organisations in Europe and the US, also known as Part 571 organisations in Canada) and issues repair station certificates for repair stations located outside the EU, which permit foreign repair stations to perform work that is acceptable to the EU on its aircraft). EASA has developed regulations for air operations, flight crew licensing and non-EU aircraft used in the EU, which applied since the required European legislation to expand the agency's remit entered into force. The legislation was published on 19 March 2008.[13]

EASA have had its scope enlarged to (as part of the new delegation in 2018) also cover UAV/drones. The first 2 regulations (EU DR 2019-945 & EU IR 947) for drones was effective by 30/12-19 in order for them to also cover to UK (Brexit). Since then the U-space regulation package is being ready for implementation by 26/1-23.

Annual safety review

The agency publishes an annual safety review[14] with statistics on European and worldwide civil aviation safety. Some information derives from the International Civil Aviation Organization and the NLR Air Transport Safety Institute.[15]

In June 2020, EASA banned Pakistan International Airlines from flying to Europe[16] after a fatal crash in May caused by a pilot error. An investigation discovered that a third of pilot licenses in Pakistan are fraudulent.[17]

Member states

In addition to the member states of the European Union, the members of the European Free Trade Association, i.e. Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland, and Iceland, have been granted participation under Article 129 of the Basic Regulation (Regulation 2018/1139) and are members of the management board without voting rights.[18]

There are also numerous working relationships with other regional and international authorities.[19] For example, EASA cooperates with most of the EU's Eastern Partnership member states through EASA's Pan-European Partners (PANEP) initiative in which countries such as Armenia,[20] Azerbaijan,[21] Georgia,[22] Moldova[23] and Ukraine[24] cooperate on the implementation of EU aviation safety rules and comprehensive aviation agreements.

Certification

On 28 September 2003, the agency took over responsibility for the airworthiness and environmental certification of all aeronautical products, parts, and appliances designed, manufactured, maintained or used by persons under the regulatory oversight of EU Member States.[3]

Certain categories of aeroplanes are however deliberately left outside EASA responsibility, thus remaining under control of the national CAAs: ultralights, experimentals, and balloons are a few examples. They are referred to as "Annex I" aeroplanes (formerly known as "Annex II“ aeroplanes), and are listed on the EASA website.[25]

In July 2017, EASA and the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore entered into a working arrangement to recognize each other's certifications.[26]

Aircraft classification

The agency defines several classes of aircraft, each with their own ruleset for certification and maintenance and repair.[27] EASA established safety levels according to a risk hierarchy. For non-commercial operations, a set of rules were developed to achieve safety goals. EASA difference non-commercial operations between non-commercial operations other than complex aircraft (NCO) and non-commercial operations with complex motor-powered aircraft.

EASA has started to introduce basic regulations for unmanned aircraft (drones) which are divided between open category (no operational approval is required), specific category (requires risk-based operational authorization), and certified category, where pilots needs a license and operators receive a certificate.[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ "EASA By Country". EASA.
  2. ^ a b c Florin Coman-Kund (2018). [ European Union Agencies as Global Actors: A Legal Study of the European Aviation Safety Agency, Frontex and Europol]. Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York, New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781138293045.
  3. ^ a b c "Our Mission: Your Safety". EASA. 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ "UK will leave EU aviation safety regulator". BBC News. 7 March 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  5. ^ "Regulation of the European Parliament and of The Council". Eur-lex.europa.eu. from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2012.
  6. ^ "Single European Sky II". European Commission website. 13 June 2018.
  7. ^ a b "Functional airspace blocks (FABs)". European Commission website. 13 June 2018.
  8. ^ "Single European Sky: for a more sustainable and resilient air traffic management". European Commission website. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
  9. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ "ETHICS CRITICISM BY ECA OF EASA SHOULD BE QUICKLY ADDRESSED TO RESTORE CONFIDENCE IN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY'S INTEGRITY | JDA Journal". jdasolutions.aero. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  11. ^ "The European Aviation Safety Agency" (PDF). The European Parliament. July 2015. (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  12. ^ "Arabian Aerospace – Hurkus achieves design certification for TAI". Arabianaerospace.aero. 21 July 2012. from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
  13. ^ "Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of The Council". Eur-lex.europa.uu. from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 16 October 2012.
  14. ^ "EASA Annual safety review". Easa.europa.eu. from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 16 October 2012.
  15. ^ . Nlr-atsi.nl. Archived from the original on 8 March 2007. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
  16. ^ Wert, Jakob (30 June 2020). "EASA bans Pakistan International Airlines". International Flight Network. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
  17. ^ Fiedler, Jan-Hendrik (22 May 2020). "Pakistan International Airlines flight PK8303 crashes in Karachi". International Flight Network. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
  18. ^ "Links to National Authorities". EASA. from the original on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  19. ^ "Working Relationships". EASA. from the original on 27 October 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  20. ^ "Armenia". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  21. ^ "Azerbaijan". EASA. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  22. ^ "Georgia". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  23. ^ "Moldova". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  24. ^ "Ukraine". EASA. Retrieved 16 October 2019.
  25. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 24 July 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  26. ^ "EASA and Singapore partner on airworthiness certification | Regulation content from ATWOnline". from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2017. "Air Transport World Online article, 18 July 2017
  27. ^ "Operations in General Aviation | EASA". easa.europa.eu. from the original on 22 June 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  28. ^ Zoldi, Dawn M.K (12 May 2021). "European Drone Regulations: EASA Basic Regulation, and What's Next". DRONELIFE. Retrieved 27 November 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

External links

  • EASA website
  • EASA member states
  • European Strategic Safety Initiative

March 08, 2023
european, union, aviation, safety, agency, easa, redirects, here, other, uses, easa, disambiguation, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, need. EASA redirects here For other uses see EASA disambiguation This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources European Union Aviation Safety Agency news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources European Union Aviation Safety Agency news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The European Union Aviation Safety Agency EASA is an agency of the European Union EU with responsibility for civil aviation safety It carries out certification regulation and standardisation and also performs investigation and monitoring 2 4 3 It collects and analyses safety data drafts and advises on safety legislation and co ordinates with similar organisations in other parts of the world 2 4 3 European Union Aviation Safety AgencyThe offices of the agency in Cologne GermanyAgency overviewFormed12 July 2002 2002 07 12 JurisdictionEuropean Union and EFTA members 1 HeadquartersCologne GermanyAgency executivePatrick Ky executive directorKey documentRegulation EU 2018 1139Websiteeasa wbr europa wbr euMapCologneEuropean Union Aviation Safety Agency European Union The idea of a European level aviation safety authority goes back to 1996 but the agency was legally established only in 2002 it began its work in 2003 2 4 3 Contents 1 History 2 Responsibilities 2 1 Annual safety review 3 Member states 4 Certification 4 1 Aircraft classification 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditBased in Cologne Germany the agency was created on 15 July 2002 as the European Aviation Safety Agency 3 and reached full functionality in 2008 citation needed taking over functions of the Joint Aviation Authorities It was renamed the European Union Aviation Safety Agency in 2018 3 European Free Trade Association countries participate in the agency The United Kingdom was a member until the end of the Brexit transition period on 31 December 2020 4 The responsibilities of the agency include the analysis and research of safety parameters authorizing foreign operators and advising the European Commission on the drafting of EU legislation It also implements and monitors safety rules including inspections in the member states gives type certification of aircraft and components and approves organisations involved in the design manufacture and maintenance of aeronautical products As part of Single European Sky II SES II an initiative to standardize and coordinate all air traffic control over the EU the agency has been given additional tasks 5 which were implemented before 2013 6 7 Since 4 December 2012 EASA is able to certify functional airspace blocks if more than three parties are involved 7 The EU commission is proposing to further expand EASA mandate to act the European Performance Review Board with a clear separation of National Supervisory Agencies and Air Navigation Service Providers 8 In 2012 the European Court of Auditors ECA found that the agency did not have an agency specific conflict of interest policy and procedures EASA did not obtain or assess the declarations of interest for staff management board board of appeal and experts 9 In its report ECA declared that The worst performer among the four was the EASA based in Cologne which failed in all four areas that the report analyzed on experts staff management board and board of appeals 10 It was recommended that the organization adopt its own ethical standards because the then existing condition exposed the agency to a substantial crisis of credibility as well as the incidence of favoritism and conflict of interest For member countries and other stakeholders fairness is of paramount importance This is because the European Union has been increasingly strengthening EASA s role giving the agency independence A discussion regarding the permission for the agency to impose financial penalties for safety violations is also underway 11 Responsibilities EditEASA is responsible for new type certificates and other design related airworthiness approvals for aircraft engines propellers and parts EASA works with the EU member states civil aviation authorities CAAs but has taken over many of their functions in the interest of aviation standardisation across the EU and in the non EU member Turkey 12 EASA is also responsible for assisting the European Commission in negotiating international harmonisation agreements with the rest of the world on behalf of the EU member states and it concludes technical agreements at a working level directly with its counterparts around the world such as the US Federal Aviation Administration FAA EASA also sets policy for aeronautical repair stations Part 145 organisations in Europe and the US also known as Part 571 organisations in Canada and issues repair station certificates for repair stations located outside the EU which permit foreign repair stations to perform work that is acceptable to the EU on its aircraft EASA has developed regulations for air operations flight crew licensing and non EU aircraft used in the EU which applied since the required European legislation to expand the agency s remit entered into force The legislation was published on 19 March 2008 13 EASA have had its scope enlarged to as part of the new delegation in 2018 also cover UAV drones The first 2 regulations EU DR 2019 945 amp EU IR 947 for drones was effective by 30 12 19 in order for them to also cover to UK Brexit Since then the U space regulation package is being ready for implementation by 26 1 23 Annual safety review Edit The agency publishes an annual safety review 14 with statistics on European and worldwide civil aviation safety Some information derives from the International Civil Aviation Organization and the NLR Air Transport Safety Institute 15 In June 2020 EASA banned Pakistan International Airlines from flying to Europe 16 after a fatal crash in May caused by a pilot error An investigation discovered that a third of pilot licenses in Pakistan are fraudulent 17 Member states EditIn addition to the member states of the European Union the members of the European Free Trade Association i e Liechtenstein Norway Switzerland and Iceland have been granted participation under Article 129 of the Basic Regulation Regulation 2018 1139 and are members of the management board without voting rights 18 There are also numerous working relationships with other regional and international authorities 19 For example EASA cooperates with most of the EU s Eastern Partnership member states through EASA s Pan European Partners PANEP initiative in which countries such as Armenia 20 Azerbaijan 21 Georgia 22 Moldova 23 and Ukraine 24 cooperate on the implementation of EU aviation safety rules and comprehensive aviation agreements Certification EditOn 28 September 2003 the agency took over responsibility for the airworthiness and environmental certification of all aeronautical products parts and appliances designed manufactured maintained or used by persons under the regulatory oversight of EU Member States 3 Certain categories of aeroplanes are however deliberately left outside EASA responsibility thus remaining under control of the national CAAs ultralights experimentals and balloons are a few examples They are referred to as Annex I aeroplanes formerly known as Annex II aeroplanes and are listed on the EASA website 25 In July 2017 EASA and the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore entered into a working arrangement to recognize each other s certifications 26 Aircraft classification Edit The agency defines several classes of aircraft each with their own ruleset for certification and maintenance and repair 27 EASA established safety levels according to a risk hierarchy For non commercial operations a set of rules were developed to achieve safety goals EASA difference non commercial operations between non commercial operations other than complex aircraft NCO and non commercial operations with complex motor powered aircraft EASA has started to introduce basic regulations for unmanned aircraft drones which are divided between open category no operational approval is required specific category requires risk based operational authorization and certified category where pilots needs a license and operators receive a certificate 28 See also Edit European Union portal Aviation portal Germany portalEASA pilot licensing List of aviation aerospace and aeronautical abbreviations EASA CS VLA Certification Specification for Very Light Aircraft European Civil Aviation Conference European Network of Civil Aviation Safety Investigation Authorities ENCASIA European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation Eurocontrol Federal Aviation Administration United States Federal Aviation Regulations Civil aviation authorityReferences Edit EASA By Country EASA a b c Florin Coman Kund 2018 European Union Agencies as Global Actors A Legal Study of the European Aviation Safety Agency Frontex and Europol Abingdon Oxfordshire New York New York Routledge ISBN 9781138293045 a b c Our Mission Your Safety EASA 2021 Retrieved 19 December 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link UK will leave EU aviation safety regulator BBC News 7 March 2020 Retrieved 22 July 2020 Regulation of the European Parliament and of The Council Eur lex europa eu Archived from the original on 27 September 2012 Retrieved 16 October 2012 Single European Sky II European Commission website 13 June 2018 a b Functional airspace blocks FABs European Commission website 13 June 2018 Single European Sky for a more sustainable and resilient air traffic management European Commission website Retrieved 23 September 2020 Archived copy PDF Archived PDF from the original on 14 September 2016 Retrieved 30 August 2016 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link ETHICS CRITICISM BY ECA OF EASA SHOULD BE QUICKLY ADDRESSED TO RESTORE CONFIDENCE IN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY S INTEGRITY JDA Journal jdasolutions aero Retrieved 26 May 2018 The European Aviation Safety Agency PDF The European Parliament July 2015 Archived PDF from the original on 6 August 2015 Retrieved 26 May 2018 Arabian Aerospace Hurkus achieves design certification for TAI Arabianaerospace aero 21 July 2012 Archived from the original on 14 October 2012 Retrieved 15 October 2012 Regulation EC No 216 2008 of the European Parliament and of The Council Eur lex europa uu Archived from the original on 7 May 2013 Retrieved 16 October 2012 EASA Annual safety review Easa europa eu Archived from the original on 30 July 2012 Retrieved 16 October 2012 NLR ATSI Homepage Nlr atsi nl Archived from the original on 8 March 2007 Retrieved 15 October 2012 Wert Jakob 30 June 2020 EASA bans Pakistan International Airlines International Flight Network Retrieved 27 November 2021 Fiedler Jan Hendrik 22 May 2020 Pakistan International Airlines flight PK8303 crashes in Karachi International Flight Network Retrieved 27 November 2021 Links to National Authorities EASA Archived from the original on 16 May 2013 Retrieved 16 May 2013 Working Relationships EASA Archived from the original on 27 October 2012 Retrieved 16 May 2013 Armenia EASA Retrieved 16 October 2019 Azerbaijan EASA Retrieved 16 March 2022 Georgia EASA Retrieved 16 October 2019 Moldova EASA Retrieved 16 October 2019 Ukraine EASA Retrieved 16 October 2019 Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 24 August 2015 Retrieved 24 July 2016 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link EASA and Singapore partner on airworthiness certification Regulation content from ATWOnline Archived from the original on 10 March 2018 Retrieved 24 July 2017 Air Transport World Online article 18 July 2017 Operations in General Aviation EASA easa europa eu Archived from the original on 22 June 2016 Retrieved 24 July 2016 Zoldi Dawn M K 12 May 2021 European Drone Regulations EASA Basic Regulation and What s Next DRONELIFE Retrieved 27 November 2021 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link External links EditEASA website EASA member states European Strategic Safety Initiative Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title European Union Aviation Safety Agency amp oldid 1128919081, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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