"Eole" redirects here. For the racehorse, see Eole (horse).
The Ader Éole, also called Avion (French for aeroplane), was an early steam-powered aircraft developed by Clément Ader in the 1890s and named after the Greco-Roman wind god Aeolus.[1]
Ader Éole
Clément Ader's Avion French patent 205155, 19 April 1890.
Unlike many early flying machines, the Éole did not attempt to fly by flapping its wings, but relied on the lift generated by its wings in forward motion. With wings resembling mechanical copies of bat wings, its steam engine was an unusually light-weight design driving a propeller at the front of the aircraft, but lacking any means for the pilot to control the direction of flight.[1]
According to late 1907 claims made by Clément Ader,[2] on 8 October 1890, the machine achieved a short flight of around 50 m (164 ft) at the Chateau d'Armainvilliers in Brie. It reached a height of around 20 cm (8 in). The poor power-to-weight ratio of the steam engine and bad weather were felt to limit the flying height achieved.[3] Ader later claimed to have flown the Éole again in September 1891, this time to a distance of 100 m (328 ft), but this claim is less substantiated.
Some consider the Éole to have been the first true aeroplane, given that it left the ground under its own power and carried a person through the air for a short distance, and that the event of 8 October 1890 was the first successful flight. However, the lack of directional control, and the fact that steam-powered aircraft proved to be a dead end, both weigh against these claims. Ader's proponents have claimed that the Wrights' early airplanes required a catapult to take off; however, the Wrights did not use a catapult for their first flights in 1903, though they did for many flights in 1904 and later.[1]
Modern attempts to recreate and evaluate the craft have met with mixed results. A full-size replica built in 1990 at the École Centrale Paris crashed on its first flight, injuring its pilot and leading to the termination of the experiment. Scale models, however, have been successfully flown.[1]
ader, Éole, eole, redirects, here, racehorse, eole, horse, also, called, avion, french, aeroplane, early, steam, powered, aircraft, developed, clément, ader, 1890s, named, after, greco, roman, wind, aeolus, clément, ader, avion, french, patent, 205155, april, . Eole redirects here For the racehorse see Eole horse The Ader Eole also called Avion French for aeroplane was an early steam powered aircraft developed by Clement Ader in the 1890s and named after the Greco Roman wind god Aeolus 1 Ader EoleClement Ader s Avion French patent 205155 19 April 1890 Role Pioneer aircraftNational origin FranceDesigner Clement Ader 1 First flight 9 October 1890Number built 1 1 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Specifications Eole 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesDesign and development EditUnlike many early flying machines the Eole did not attempt to fly by flapping its wings but relied on the lift generated by its wings in forward motion With wings resembling mechanical copies of bat wings its steam engine was an unusually light weight design driving a propeller at the front of the aircraft but lacking any means for the pilot to control the direction of flight 1 According to late 1907 claims made by Clement Ader 2 on 8 October 1890 the machine achieved a short flight of around 50 m 164 ft at the Chateau d Armainvilliers in Brie It reached a height of around 20 cm 8 in The poor power to weight ratio of the steam engine and bad weather were felt to limit the flying height achieved 3 Ader later claimed to have flown the Eole again in September 1891 this time to a distance of 100 m 328 ft but this claim is less substantiated Patent drawings of Clement Ader s Eole Some consider the Eole to have been the first true aeroplane given that it left the ground under its own power and carried a person through the air for a short distance and that the event of 8 October 1890 was the first successful flight However the lack of directional control and the fact that steam powered aircraft proved to be a dead end both weigh against these claims Ader s proponents have claimed that the Wrights early airplanes required a catapult to take off however the Wrights did not use a catapult for their first flights in 1903 though they did for many flights in 1904 and later 1 Modern attempts to recreate and evaluate the craft have met with mixed results A full size replica built in 1990 at the Ecole Centrale Paris crashed on its first flight injuring its pilot and leading to the termination of the experiment Scale models however have been successfully flown 1 Specifications Eole EditGeneral characteristics Crew 1 Length 6 5 m 21 ft 4 in Wingspan 14 m 45 ft 11 in Wing area 28 m2 300 sq ft Empty weight 226 kg 498 lb Gross weight 330 kg 728 lb Powerplant 1 Ader alcohol burning steam engine 15 kW 20 hp Performance Maximum speed 58 km h 36 mph 31 kn 164 ft Wing loading 8 kg m2 1 6 lb sq ft Power mass 0 05 kW kg 0 03 hp lb See also EditAlexander Mozhaysky a Russian inventor who also designed a steam powered plane Notes Edit a b c d e f Opdycke Leonard E 1999 French Aeroplanes before the Great War Atglen PA Schiffer Publishing ISBN 0 7643 0752 5 Clement Ader 1907 La premiere etape de l aviation militaire en France J Bosc et Cie 38 Chaussee d Antin 38 p 6 Gray Carroll Clement Ader 1841 1925 References EditOpdycke Leonard E 1999 French Aeroplanes before the Great War Atglen PA Schiffer Publishing ISBN 0 7643 0752 5 Gray Carroll Clement Ader 1841 1925 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ader Eole amp oldid 1039853652, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
