Tama Zenshōen Sanatorium, or National Sanatorium Tama Zenshōen, is a sanatorium for leprosy or ex-leprosy patients situated in Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan starting in 1909.
The Japanese Government promulgated the first leprosy prevention law on March 19, 1907, but it became effective on April 1, 1909 because of financial difficulties. Japan was divided into 5 areas, and the first area included Tokyo-fu, Kanagawa Prefecture, Niigata Prefecture, Saitama Prefecture, Gunma Prefecture, Chiba Prefecture, Ibaragi Prefecture, Tochigi Prefecture, Aichi Prefecture, Shizuoka Prefecture, Yamanashi Prefecture and Nagano Prefecture. In this area, Tokyo was selected as the site of the sanatorium. Two main reasons for the leprosy prevention law were pressure from foreigners who came into Japan after the Meiji Restoration, who were very much surprised to find wandering leprosy patients in Japan, as well as the Japanese Government worrying about the considerable number of leprosy patients among those who were examined for the draft at age 20.
Tama Zensho Hospital and Sanatorium
On September 28, 1909, Prefectural Tama Zensho Byoin (Hospital) was established.
Jun 1919: Kensuke Mitsuda reported what became known as "Mitsuda reaction" later.
Sep 1919: Special money circulating only in the sanatorium (Enken) started.
Mar 1931: 81 patients went to National Sanatorium Nagashima Aiseien following Kensuke Mitsuda in order to make it an ideal sanatorium.
Feb 1936: Tamio Hojo's "The first night of life"[1] was published in Bungakukai, and became a milestone of leprosy literature by the recommendation of Yasunari Kawabata who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1968.
Apr 1996: The 1953 Leprosy Prevention Law was abolished.
Jul 1998: The trial for compensation started.
May 11, 2001: The trial for compensation ruled that the previous Leprosy Prevention was unconstitutional.
May 25, 2001: The trial for compensation was confirmed. The compensation of 8,000,000 yen to 14,000,000 yen was given to patients depending on the duration of unconstitutional periods.
The number of in-patients is the sum of patients which changed not only by the newly diagnosed hospitalized and those who died among in-patients, but also by other factors such as the number of patients who escaped or were discharged, depending on the condition. Recently they were encouraged to be discharged, but the long period of the segregation policy causing leprosy stigma might influence the number of those who reintegrate into society.[2]
The Leprosy Research Center of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases is also situated near the hospital.
Notes
^Hōjō Tamio translated and with an introduction by Kathryn M. Tanaka, “Life’s First Night” and the Treatment of Hansen's Disease in Japan, The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 4, No. 1, January 19, 2015.
^Kue Issho (1979) Zenshoen Kanja Jichikai p.276, Ikkou-Sha, Tokyo, in Japanese
^Fukken Eno Jitsugetsu (2001), Zenkoku Hansenbyouryouyousho Nyushosha Kyougikai, Koyo Shuppan, Tokyo
tama, zenshoen, sanatorium, tama, zenshōen, sanatorium, national, sanatorium, tama, zenshōen, sanatorium, leprosy, leprosy, patients, situated, higashimurayama, tokyo, japan, starting, 1909, national, sanatorium, tama, zenshōengeographylocation4, aobacho, higa. Tama Zenshōen Sanatorium or National Sanatorium Tama Zenshōen is a sanatorium for leprosy or ex leprosy patients situated in Higashimurayama Tokyo Japan starting in 1909 National Sanatorium Tama ZenshōenGeographyLocation4 1 1 Aobacho Higashimurayama Tokyo JapanCoordinates35 45 55 N 139 29 37 6 E 35 76528 N 139 493778 E 35 76528 139 493778OrganisationTypeNational hospital run by Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare Japan HistoryOpened1909LinksWebsitehttp www nhds go jp zenshoen ListsHospitals in Japan Contents 1 History 1 1 Background 1 2 Tama Zensho Hospital and Sanatorium 1 3 Directors 1 4 Number of patients at fiscal year end 2 Museum 3 Leprosy Research Center 4 Notes 5 ReferencesHistory EditBackground Edit The Japanese Government promulgated the first leprosy prevention law on March 19 1907 but it became effective on April 1 1909 because of financial difficulties Japan was divided into 5 areas and the first area included Tokyo fu Kanagawa Prefecture Niigata Prefecture Saitama Prefecture Gunma Prefecture Chiba Prefecture Ibaragi Prefecture Tochigi Prefecture Aichi Prefecture Shizuoka Prefecture Yamanashi Prefecture and Nagano Prefecture In this area Tokyo was selected as the site of the sanatorium Two main reasons for the leprosy prevention law were pressure from foreigners who came into Japan after the Meiji Restoration who were very much surprised to find wandering leprosy patients in Japan as well as the Japanese Government worrying about the considerable number of leprosy patients among those who were examined for the draft at age 20 Tama Zensho Hospital and Sanatorium Edit On September 28 1909 Prefectural Tama Zensho Byoin Hospital was established Jun 1919 Kensuke Mitsuda reported what became known as Mitsuda reaction later Sep 1919 Special money circulating only in the sanatorium Enken started Mar 1931 81 patients went to National Sanatorium Nagashima Aiseien following Kensuke Mitsuda in order to make it an ideal sanatorium Feb 1936 Tamio Hojo s The first night of life 1 was published in Bungakukai and became a milestone of leprosy literature by the recommendation of Yasunari Kawabata who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1968 Apr 1996 The 1953 Leprosy Prevention Law was abolished Jul 1998 The trial for compensation started May 11 2001 The trial for compensation ruled that the previous Leprosy Prevention was unconstitutional May 25 2001 The trial for compensation was confirmed The compensation of 8 000 000 yen to 14 000 000 yen was given to patients depending on the duration of unconstitutional periods Directors Edit Apr 1909 Acting director Tokutaro Ohno Sep 1909 Chief doctor Kensuke Mitsuda Mar 1910 First director Saijiro Ikeuchi Feb 1914 Second director Kensuke Mitsuda May 1931 Third director Yoshinobu Hayashi Jul 1963 Fourth director Ryoichi Yajima Apr 1976 Fifth director Masao Arai Apr 1977 Sixth director Kishio OhnishiNumber of patients at fiscal year end Edit The number of in patients is the sum of patients which changed not only by the newly diagnosed hospitalized and those who died among in patients but also by other factors such as the number of patients who escaped or were discharged depending on the condition Recently they were encouraged to be discharged but the long period of the segregation policy causing leprosy stigma might influence the number of those who reintegrate into society 2 Number of In patients Year 3 Males Females Total1909 165 63 2281920 338 133 4711930 762 291 10531940 805 403 12081950 733 411 11441960 771 407 11781970 660 375 10351978 640 360 1000Number of in patients Year 4 Number ofin patients2003 4472004 4172005 3712006 3582007 3342008 319Museum EditNational Hansen s Disease Museum Japan neighboring the hospital Leprosy Research Center EditThe Leprosy Research Center of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases is also situated near the hospital Notes Edit Hōjō Tamio translated and with an introduction by Kathryn M Tanaka Life s First Night and the Treatment of Hansen s Disease in Japan The Asia Pacific Journal Vol 13 Issue 4 No 1 January 19 2015 Kue Issho 1979 Zenshoen Kanja Jichikai p 276 Ikkou Sha Tokyo in Japanese Fukken Eno Jitsugetsu 2001 Zenkoku Hansenbyouryouyousho Nyushosha Kyougikai Koyo Shuppan Tokyo http www eonet ne jp libell 4ryouyousyo html2009 12 23 dead link References EditKue Issho 1979 Tama Zenshoen Kanja Jichikai Ikkousha Tokyo Leprosy in Japan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tama Zenshoen Sanatorium amp oldid 1072772943, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
