St Andrew's Church is a Greek Catholic (Melkite) church. Built in 1765, it is located in the old city of Acre, at Philippe Auguste street, north of the Templars tunnel in modern-day Israel. It is named after one of the twelve apostles of Jesus. The church was built on the remains of a Crusader church. The church is still used today and is known for its beautiful interior, icons, and ornate decoration.
St. Andrew's Church (Hebrew: כנסיית אנדראס הקדושLatin: Ecclesia Sancti Andreae)[1] was built in 1765 on the ruins of the Crusader church that was destroyed in 1261.[2] It belongs to the Catholic Church and follows the Greek-Catholic Eastern Rite in full communion with the Pope in Rome. Thanks to its location overlooking the Mediterranean, the church was easily visible for the Crusaders.
The Crusaders of the Templars order settled in Acre in the 12th century, after the fall of Jerusalem, and built a fortress on the south-west corner of the old city of Acre. Adjacent to their palace (Templum) they built the Church of Santa Anna, named after the Mother of the Virgin Mary. The 12th-century church was rebuilt and enlarged in the 13th century as a grand Gothic Cathedral. The structure of the two-story Crusader church survived and stone of the original church was used in the construction of the current building. The top floor of the original Crusader church remains and is still in ruins.
Gothic portal at the Madrasa of Al-Nasir Muhammad in Cairo, which may have belonged to the Church of Saint Andrew
In 1291 the city was destroyed by the Mamluk sultan Al-Ashraf Khalil. According to al-Maqrizi, after his victory the sultan ordered one of his amirs, ʿAlam al-Din Sanjar al-Shujaʿi al-Mansuri, to demolish the city walls and the churches.[3][full citation needed][4] During this process, various building elements were taken away to Cairo as part of the plunder.[5] One of these was a Gothic portal which was later incorporated into the Madrasa of Al-Nasir Muhammad, begun by Sultan Al-Adil Kitbugha in 1295 and completed by Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad in 1303.[6] The origin of this portal is debated, but some authors, such as Camille Enlart, attribute it to the Church of Saint Andrew.[7][8][9] The battered two-story shell and arched halls of the church remained standing in Acre until the 18th century.[10]
The Greek Catholic church (Melkites) split from the Greek Orthodox church in 1724. In 1765, the church was rebuilt over the ruins of the medieval church. A sign near above the door near the entrance to the church shows the year of 1802, when the Greek Catholic Archbishopric was founded at the church. It later moved to Haifa.[11]
Present day
The church of St. Andrew is open to the public, and serves the Greek Catholic Melkite community. On the west side of the church, facing the sea, is a small courtyard. Embedded into the wall is a segment of a head of an ancient statue, possibly one of John the Baptist, which belonged to the older Crusader church. The modern church has an ornate Templon, decorated with icons and paintings, which separates the nave and the altar, or sanctuary. The icons are of Christ, the Virgin Mary, Apostles, John the Baptist, Saints and the prophet Elijah. The names above each icon are written in Arabic, and were crafted in Syria.[12]
^Al-Maqrizi. Madrasa of Al-Nasir Muhammad. Trans. Martyn Smith. [1]. Pub 2009. Accessed 8 March 2011
^Steenbergen, Jo Van (2013). "Ritual, Politics, and the City in Mamluk Cairo: The Bayn al-Qasrayn as a Mamluk 'lieu de mémoire', 1250-1382". In Beihammer, Alexander; Constantinou, Stavroula; Parani, Maria (eds.). Court Ceremonies and Rituals of Power in Byzantium and the Medieval Mediterranean: Comparative Perspectives. Brill. p. 255. ISBN978-90-04-25815-0.
^Mayer, Wolgang (2007). "The Madrasa of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad: the Portal". In Mayer, Wolfgang; Speiser, Philipp (eds.). A future for the past: restorations in Islamic Cairo 1973-2004. Mainz: Verlag Philipp Von Zabern. pp. 95–98.
^Behren-Abouseif, Doris (2007). Cairo of the Mamluks: A History of its Architecture and its Culture. I. B. Tauris & Co Ltd. pp. 152–156.
^Jacoby, David (2004). "Society, Culture, and the Arts in Crusader Acre". In Weiss, Daniel H.; Mahoney, Lisa (eds.). France and the Holy Land: Frankish Culture at the End of the Crusades. JHU Press. p. 133. ISBN978-0-8018-7823-7.
^Sárközi, Júlia (2020). "The Impact of the Crusades on the Architecture of Cairo". In Edbury, Peter; Pringle, Denys; Major, Balázs (eds.). Bridge of Civilizations: The Near East and Europe c. 1100–1300. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. p. 172. ISBN978-1-78969-328-7.
^Hunt, Lucy-Anne (1998). Byzantium, Eastern Christendom and Islam: Art at the Crossroads of the Medieval Mediterranean. Pindar Press. p. 319. ISBN978-1-899828-04-3.
^"Acre: St. Andrews Church". www.biblewalks.com. Retrieved 2016-10-14.
^Folda, Jaroslav (2005-09-05). Crusader Art in the Holy Land, From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre. Cambridge University Press. ISBN9780521835831.
^"Acre: St. Andrews Church". www.biblewalks.com. Retrieved 2016-10-14.
church, saint, andrew, acre, andrew, church, greek, catholic, melkite, church, built, 1765, located, city, acre, philippe, auguste, street, north, templars, tunnel, modern, israel, named, after, twelve, apostles, jesus, church, built, remains, crusader, church. St Andrew s Church is a Greek Catholic Melkite church Built in 1765 it is located in the old city of Acre at Philippe Auguste street north of the Templars tunnel in modern day Israel It is named after one of the twelve apostles of Jesus The church was built on the remains of a Crusader church The church is still used today and is known for its beautiful interior icons and ornate decoration St Andrew s Churchכנסיית אנדראס הקדושInterior of the church present day LocationAcreCountry IsraelDenominationCatholic Greek Catholic Eastern Rite Contents 1 History 2 Present day 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory Edit 1682 sketch showing the ruins of the church St Andrew s Church Hebrew כנסיית אנדראס הקדוש Latin Ecclesia Sancti Andreae 1 was built in 1765 on the ruins of the Crusader church that was destroyed in 1261 2 It belongs to the Catholic Church and follows the Greek Catholic Eastern Rite in full communion with the Pope in Rome Thanks to its location overlooking the Mediterranean the church was easily visible for the Crusaders The Crusaders of the Templars order settled in Acre in the 12th century after the fall of Jerusalem and built a fortress on the south west corner of the old city of Acre Adjacent to their palace Templum they built the Church of Santa Anna named after the Mother of the Virgin Mary The 12th century church was rebuilt and enlarged in the 13th century as a grand Gothic Cathedral The structure of the two story Crusader church survived and stone of the original church was used in the construction of the current building The top floor of the original Crusader church remains and is still in ruins Gothic portal at the Madrasa of Al Nasir Muhammad in Cairo which may have belonged to the Church of Saint Andrew In 1291 the city was destroyed by the Mamluk sultan Al Ashraf Khalil According to al Maqrizi after his victory the sultan ordered one of his amirs ʿAlam al Din Sanjar al Shujaʿi al Mansuri to demolish the city walls and the churches 3 full citation needed 4 During this process various building elements were taken away to Cairo as part of the plunder 5 One of these was a Gothic portal which was later incorporated into the Madrasa of Al Nasir Muhammad begun by Sultan Al Adil Kitbugha in 1295 and completed by Sultan al Nasir Muhammad in 1303 6 The origin of this portal is debated but some authors such as Camille Enlart attribute it to the Church of Saint Andrew 7 8 9 The battered two story shell and arched halls of the church remained standing in Acre until the 18th century 10 The Greek Catholic church Melkites split from the Greek Orthodox church in 1724 In 1765 the church was rebuilt over the ruins of the medieval church A sign near above the door near the entrance to the church shows the year of 1802 when the Greek Catholic Archbishopric was founded at the church It later moved to Haifa 11 Present day EditThe church of St Andrew is open to the public and serves the Greek Catholic Melkite community On the west side of the church facing the sea is a small courtyard Embedded into the wall is a segment of a head of an ancient statue possibly one of John the Baptist which belonged to the older Crusader church The modern church has an ornate Templon decorated with icons and paintings which separates the nave and the altar or sanctuary The icons are of Christ the Virgin Mary Apostles John the Baptist Saints and the prophet Elijah The names above each icon are written in Arabic and were crafted in Syria 12 See also EditRoman Catholicism in Israel Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of AkkaReferences Edit Old Acre San Andreas Church www akko org il Retrieved 2016 10 14 The Churches of Acre Bein Harim Tours Blog Bein Harim Tours Blog 2014 12 11 Retrieved 2016 10 14 Al Maqrizi Madrasa of Al Nasir Muhammad Trans Martyn Smith 1 Pub 2009 Accessed 8 March 2011 Steenbergen Jo Van 2013 Ritual Politics and the City in Mamluk Cairo The Bayn al Qasrayn as a Mamluk lieu de memoire 1250 1382 In Beihammer Alexander Constantinou Stavroula Parani Maria eds Court Ceremonies and Rituals of Power in Byzantium and the Medieval Mediterranean Comparative Perspectives Brill p 255 ISBN 978 90 04 25815 0 Mayer Wolgang 2007 The Madrasa of Sultan al Nasir Muhammad the Portal In Mayer Wolfgang Speiser Philipp eds A future for the past restorations in Islamic Cairo 1973 2004 Mainz Verlag Philipp Von Zabern pp 95 98 Behren Abouseif Doris 2007 Cairo of the Mamluks A History of its Architecture and its Culture I B Tauris amp Co Ltd pp 152 156 Jacoby David 2004 Society Culture and the Arts in Crusader Acre In Weiss Daniel H Mahoney Lisa eds France and the Holy Land Frankish Culture at the End of the Crusades JHU Press p 133 ISBN 978 0 8018 7823 7 Sarkozi Julia 2020 The Impact of the Crusades on the Architecture of Cairo In Edbury Peter Pringle Denys Major Balazs eds Bridge of Civilizations The Near East and Europe c 1100 1300 Archaeopress Publishing Ltd p 172 ISBN 978 1 78969 328 7 Hunt Lucy Anne 1998 Byzantium Eastern Christendom and Islam Art at the Crossroads of the Medieval Mediterranean Pindar Press p 319 ISBN 978 1 899828 04 3 Acre St Andrews Church www biblewalks com Retrieved 2016 10 14 Folda Jaroslav 2005 09 05 Crusader Art in the Holy Land From the Third Crusade to the Fall of Acre Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521835831 Acre St Andrews Church www biblewalks com Retrieved 2016 10 14 Coordinates 32 55 14 N 35 04 02 E 32 9206 N 35 0672 E 32 9206 35 0672 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Church of Saint Andrew Acre amp oldid 1088397567, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
