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Löwenstein-Wertheim

January 08, 2023

Löwenstein-Wertheim was a county of the Holy Roman Empire, part of the Franconian Circle. It was formed from the counties of Löwenstein (based in the town of Löwenstein) and Wertheim (based in the town of Wertheim am Main) and from 1488 until 1806 ruled by the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim who are morganatic descendants (and the most senior line) of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach.

Arms of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Arms of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg

History

The county of Löwenstein belonged to a branch of the family of the counts of Calw before 1281, when it was purchased by the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg, who presented it to his natural son Albert. In 1441 Henry, one of Albert's descendants, sold it to Frederick I, Count Palatine of the Rhine, head of the Palatine branch of the house of Wittelsbach, and later it served as a portion for Louis (1494-1524), a son of the elector by a morganatic marriage, who became a count of the Empire in 1494.[1] Louis obtained Löwenstein in Swabia and received from Emperor Maximilian I the title of Count of Löwenstein.[citation needed]

The family lost Löwenstein to Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg, but Louis III, Count of Löwenstein, through his marriage to Anna, heiress of the Count of Wertheim, obtained that territory.[citation needed] Louis III left two sons: Christopher Louis, a Lutheran, and John Dietrich, who remained a Catholic, so the family was divided in two: Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg, a Lutheran branch, and Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, a Catholic one. The heads of the two branches, into which the older and Protestant line was afterwards divided, were made princes by the king of Bavaria in 1812 and by the king of Württemberg in 1813; the head of the younger, or Roman Catholic line, was made a prince of the Empire in 1711.[1]

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806,[1] the county was mediatized and its territory was split among Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, and Hesse. Under the protocol of Frankfurt on 20 July 1819 all the family lands were mediatised.[citation needed] The area of the county of Löwenstein was about 140 square kilometres (53 sq mi).[1]

The current monarchs of Belgium, Luxembourg, and Liechtenstein, as well as the pretenders to the thrones of Portugal, Italy (Naples branch), Bavaria, and Austria-Hungary are descended (not in the male line) from the Rosenberg branch. Rupert zu Löwenstein, the longtime financial manager of the Rolling Stones, was a member of the Freudenberg branch.

Rulers of Löwenstein

House of Löwenstein
 
Parent houseWittelsbach
CountryGermany
Founded1488
FounderOtto I
Current headFranz, Duke of Bavaria
Final rulerLudwig III
Titles
  • Count of Löwenstein
  • Count of Löwenstein-Scharffeneck
  • Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim
  • Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg
  • Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
  • Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
  • Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
  • Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg
Deposition1806
Cadet branches

Counts of Löwenstein (1494–1571)

 
Ruins of Löwenstein Castle

Counts of Löwenstein-Scharffeneck (1571–1633)

  • Wolfgang II, Count 1571–1596 (1555-1596), eldest son of Wolfgang I, Count of Löwenstein
    • Georg Ludwig, Count 1596–1633 (1587-1633)

Georg Ludwig survived his only son, with this line becoming extinct. His daughter and heiress Maria Christina of Löwenstein-Scharffeneck (1625–1673) married Gabriel Oxenstierna, Count of Korsholm and Vaasa (1619–1673). The further Counts of Korsholm and Vaasa were their descendants.

Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim (1571–1636)

  • Ludwig III, Count 1571–1611 (1530-1611), third surviving son of Friedrich I, Count of Löwenstein, married heiress of Wertheim am Main.
    • Ludwig IV, Count 1611–1635 (1569-1635), second son, co-heir with his brothers
    • Wolfgang Ernst, Count 1611–1636 (1578-1636), third son, co-heir with his brothers

Ludwig IV has no known descendants. Wolfgang Ernst only had one daughter, Dorothea Walpurga of Löwenstein-Wertheim (1628–1634) who predeceased him. Their lines were extinct with their own deaths.

Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg (1611–1812)[2][better source needed][better source needed]

  • Christof Ludwig, Count 1611–1618 (1568-1618), eldest son of Ludwig III, Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim, co-heir with his brothers, married the heiress of Virneburg
    • Friedrich Ludwig, Count 1618–1657 (1598-1657)
      • Ludwig Ernst, Count 1657–1681 (1627-1681)
        • Joachim Friedrich, Count 1681–1689 (1666-1689)
        • Eucharius Kasimir, Count 1689–1698 (1668-1698)
      • Count Friedrich Eberhard of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg (1629-1683) married Otillie, daughter of Otto, Count of Lippe-Brake
        • Heinrich Friedrich, Count 1698–1721 (1682-1721)
          • Johann Ludwig Vollrath, Count 1721–1790 (1705-1790)
            • Johann Karl Ludwig, Count 1790–1812 (1740-1816), raised to Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg

Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (1611–1712)[3][better source needed][better source needed]

  • John Dietrich, Count 1611–1644 (1585-1644), fourth son of Ludwig III, Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim, co-heir with his brothers
    • Ferdinand Karl, Count 1644–1672 (1616-1672)

Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort (1712–1803)

Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1803–present)[4][better source needed][better source needed]

 
Kleinheubach Castle, residence of the princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg since 1720

Princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg (1812–present)

 
Kreuzwertheim Castle, residence of the princes of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg since 1736
  • Johann Karl, 1st Prince 1812–1816 (1740-1816), the last Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Virneburg
    • Georg Wilhelm Ludwig, 2nd Prince 1816–1855 (1775-1855)
      • Adolf, 3rd Prince 1855–1861 (1805-1861)
    • Prince Wilhelm Ernst (1783-1847)
      • Wilhelm, 4th Prince 1861–1887 (1817-1887)
        • Ernst Alban Ludwig, 5th Prince 1887–1931 (1854-1931), abdicated 1918
        • Prince Alfred (1855-1925)
          • Udo, 6th Prince 1931–1980 (1896-1980)
            • Alfred-Ernst, 7th Prince 1980–2010 (1924-2010)
              • Ludwig, 8th Prince 2010–present (born 1951)
              • Prince Udo (born 1957)
                • Prince Georg (born 1993)
                • Prince Philipp (born 1998)
        • Prince Wilhelm Gustav Ludwig (1863-1915)
          • Prince Wolfgang Wilhelm Gustav Karl Ludwig (1890-1945)
            • Prince Wolfram Hubertus Wilhelm Heinrich (born 1941)
              • Prince Wolfram Michael Nikolaus Friedrich Jakob (born 1980)
        • Prince Ludwig Karl (1864-1899)

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d Chisholm 1911, p. 77.
  2. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "wittel/wittel15.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.[self-published source]
  3. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "wittel/wittel17.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.[self-published source]
  4. ^ Marek, Miroslav. "wittel/wittel18.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.[self-published source]

References

  •   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Löwenstein". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 77.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Löwenstein-Wertheim family.
  • Lowenstein-Wertheim at Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg

January 08, 2023
löwenstein, wertheim, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, june,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Lowenstein Wertheim news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Lowenstein Wertheim was a county of the Holy Roman Empire part of the Franconian Circle It was formed from the counties of Lowenstein based in the town of Lowenstein and Wertheim based in the town of Wertheim am Main and from 1488 until 1806 ruled by the House of Lowenstein Wertheim who are morganatic descendants and the most senior line of the Palatinate branch of the House of Wittelsbach Arms of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg Arms of Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg Contents 1 History 2 Rulers of Lowenstein 2 1 Counts of Lowenstein Scharffeneck 1571 1633 2 2 Counts of Lowenstein Wertheim 1571 1636 2 3 Counts of Lowenstein Wertheim Virneburg 1611 1812 2 better source needed better source needed 2 4 Counts of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort 1611 1712 3 better source needed better source needed 2 5 Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort 1712 1803 2 6 Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1803 present 4 better source needed better source needed 2 7 Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg 1812 present 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksHistory Edit Louis I Count of Lowenstein 1494 1524 morganatic son of Frederick I Elector Palatine The county of Lowenstein belonged to a branch of the family of the counts of Calw before 1281 when it was purchased by the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg who presented it to his natural son Albert In 1441 Henry one of Albert s descendants sold it to Frederick I Count Palatine of the Rhine head of the Palatine branch of the house of Wittelsbach and later it served as a portion for Louis 1494 1524 a son of the elector by a morganatic marriage who became a count of the Empire in 1494 1 Louis obtained Lowenstein in Swabia and received from Emperor Maximilian I the title of Count of Lowenstein citation needed The family lost Lowenstein to Ulrich Duke of Wurttemberg but Louis III Count of Lowenstein through his marriage to Anna heiress of the Count of Wertheim obtained that territory citation needed Louis III left two sons Christopher Louis a Lutheran and John Dietrich who remained a Catholic so the family was divided in two Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg a Lutheran branch and Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg a Catholic one The heads of the two branches into which the older and Protestant line was afterwards divided were made princes by the king of Bavaria in 1812 and by the king of Wurttemberg in 1813 the head of the younger or Roman Catholic line was made a prince of the Empire in 1711 1 With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 1 the county was mediatized and its territory was split among Bavaria Baden Wurttemberg and Hesse Under the protocol of Frankfurt on 20 July 1819 all the family lands were mediatised citation needed The area of the county of Lowenstein was about 140 square kilometres 53 sq mi 1 The current monarchs of Belgium Luxembourg and Liechtenstein as well as the pretenders to the thrones of Portugal Italy Naples branch Bavaria and Austria Hungary are descended not in the male line from the Rosenberg branch Rupert zu Lowenstein the longtime financial manager of the Rolling Stones was a member of the Freudenberg branch Rulers of Lowenstein EditHouse of Lowenstein Parent houseWittelsbachCountryGermanyFounded1488FounderOtto ICurrent headFranz Duke of BavariaFinal rulerLudwig IIITitlesCount of LowensteinCount of Lowenstein ScharffeneckCount of Lowenstein WertheimCount of Lowenstein Wertheim VirneburgCount of Lowenstein Wertheim RochefortPrince of Lowenstein Wertheim RochefortPrince of Lowenstein Wertheim RosenbergPrince of Lowenstein Wertheim FreudenbergDeposition1806Cadet branchesLowenstein ScharffeneckLowenstein WertheimLowenstein Wertheim RosenbergLowenstein Wertheim FreudenbergCounts of Lowenstein 1494 1571 Ruins of Lowenstein Castle Ludwig I Count 1494 1523 1463 1523 only surviving son of Friedrich I Elector Palatine by his morganatic marriage Ludwig II Count 1523 1536 1498 1536 Friedrich I Count 1536 1541 1502 1541 Wolfgang I Count 1541 1571 1527 1571 eldest sonCounts of Lowenstein Scharffeneck 1571 1633 Edit Wolfgang II Count 1571 1596 1555 1596 eldest son of Wolfgang I Count of Lowenstein Georg Ludwig Count 1596 1633 1587 1633 Georg Ludwig survived his only son with this line becoming extinct His daughter and heiress Maria Christina of Lowenstein Scharffeneck 1625 1673 married Gabriel Oxenstierna Count of Korsholm and Vaasa 1619 1673 The further Counts of Korsholm and Vaasa were their descendants Counts of Lowenstein Wertheim 1571 1636 Edit Wertheim am Main Castle Ludwig III Count 1571 1611 1530 1611 third surviving son of Friedrich I Count of Lowenstein married heiress of Wertheim am Main Ludwig IV Count 1611 1635 1569 1635 second son co heir with his brothers Wolfgang Ernst Count 1611 1636 1578 1636 third son co heir with his brothersLudwig IV has no known descendants Wolfgang Ernst only had one daughter Dorothea Walpurga of Lowenstein Wertheim 1628 1634 who predeceased him Their lines were extinct with their own deaths Counts of Lowenstein Wertheim Virneburg 1611 1812 2 better source needed better source needed Edit Christof Ludwig Count 1611 1618 1568 1618 eldest son of Ludwig III Count of Lowenstein Wertheim co heir with his brothers married the heiress of Virneburg Friedrich Ludwig Count 1618 1657 1598 1657 Ludwig Ernst Count 1657 1681 1627 1681 Joachim Friedrich Count 1681 1689 1666 1689 Eucharius Kasimir Count 1689 1698 1668 1698 Count Friedrich Eberhard of Lowenstein Wertheim Virneburg 1629 1683 married Otillie daughter of Otto Count of Lippe Brake Heinrich Friedrich Count 1698 1721 1682 1721 Johann Ludwig Vollrath Count 1721 1790 1705 1790 Johann Karl Ludwig Count 1790 1812 1740 1816 raised to Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim FreudenbergCounts of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort 1611 1712 3 better source needed better source needed Edit Rochefort Belgium John Dietrich Count 1611 1644 1585 1644 fourth son of Ludwig III Count of Lowenstein Wertheim co heir with his brothers Ferdinand Karl Count 1644 1672 1616 1672 Maximilian Karl Count 1672 1712 1656 1718 raised to Prince 1712Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort 1712 1803 Edit Maximilian Karl Albert 1st Prince 1712 1718 1656 1718 the last Count of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort Dominikus Marquard 2nd Prince 1718 1735 1690 1735 Karl Thomas 3rd Prince 1735 1789 1714 1789 Prince Theodor Alexander 1722 1780 Dominik Konstantin 4th Prince 1789 1803 1762 1814 Princely title changed 1803Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1803 present 4 better source needed better source needed Edit Kleinheubach Castle residence of the princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg since 1720 Dominik Konstantin 4th Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1803 1814 previously Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Rochefort Karl Thomas 5th Prince 1814 1849 1783 1849 Constantine Hereditary Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1802 1838 Karl 6th Prince 1849 1908 abdicated to take Roman Catholic orders 1834 1921 Aloys 7th Prince 1908 1952 1871 1952 Karl 8th Prince 1952 1990 1904 1990 Alois Konstantin 9th Prince 1990 present born 1941 Carl Friedrich Hereditary Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1966 2010 Nicodemus Hereditary Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg born 2001 Prince Laurentius born 2006 Prince Hubertus born 1968 Prince Dominik born 1983 Prince Johannes of Lowenstein Wertheim Rosenberg 1919 2000 Prince Michael born 1950 Prince Konstantin born 1995 Prince Karl born 1952 Prince Philipp born 1979 Prince Felix born 1984 Prince Felix born 1954 Prince Martin born 1961 Prince Stephan born 1968 Prince Nikolaus born 2004 Princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg 1812 present Edit Kreuzwertheim Castle residence of the princes of Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg since 1736 Johann Karl 1st Prince 1812 1816 1740 1816 the last Count of Lowenstein Wertheim Virneburg Georg Wilhelm Ludwig 2nd Prince 1816 1855 1775 1855 Adolf 3rd Prince 1855 1861 1805 1861 Prince Wilhelm Ernst 1783 1847 Wilhelm 4th Prince 1861 1887 1817 1887 Ernst Alban Ludwig 5th Prince 1887 1931 1854 1931 abdicated 1918 Prince Alfred 1855 1925 Udo 6th Prince 1931 1980 1896 1980 Alfred Ernst 7th Prince 1980 2010 1924 2010 Ludwig 8th Prince 2010 present born 1951 Ludwig Hereditary Prince of Lowenstein Wertheim Freudenberg born 1994 Prince Udo born 1957 Prince Georg born 1993 Prince Philipp born 1998 Prince Wilhelm Gustav Ludwig 1863 1915 Prince Wolfgang Wilhelm Gustav Karl Ludwig 1890 1945 Prince Wolfram Hubertus Wilhelm Heinrich born 1941 Prince Wolfram Michael Nikolaus Friedrich Jakob born 1980 Prince Ludwig Karl 1864 1899 Notes Edit a b c d Chisholm 1911 p 77 Marek Miroslav wittel wittel15 html genealogy euweb cz self published source Marek Miroslav wittel wittel17 html genealogy euweb cz self published source Marek Miroslav wittel wittel18 html genealogy euweb cz self published source References Edit This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Lowenstein Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 17 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 77 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lowenstein Wertheim family Lowenstein Wertheim at Landesarchiv Baden Wurttemberg Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lowenstein Wertheim amp oldid 1110871572, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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