The shell is reddish brown.[4] The umbilicus is large (almost 25% of shell diameter).[4] The shell is with radial growth lines.[4] The width of the shell is 6–7 mm.[4] The height of the shell is 3.5-4.0 mm.[4]
The animal is black with a characteristic orange dash: the (mantle gland is visible under the shell's aperture).[4]
Juveniles are whitish grey with light brown translucent shells.[4]
Ecologyedit
Zonitoides nitidus occurs in wet meadows and river woods, usually near water bodies, swamps and swampy forests, in the zone of emergent vegetation.[4] Man-made habitats such as pools in old quarries are sometimes colonized after a few years.[4] In Switzerland it is found up to 2100m of altitude.[4]
Zonitoides nitidus is herbivorous.[4] These snails feed on disintegrating leaves, mushrooms, roots and fruit.[4] They do not eat dry leaves.[4] Humid leaves are preferred.[4] When consuming soft food such as mushrooms or soft fruits, Zonitoides nitidus penetrates perpendicularly inside, producing characteristic holes; the entire animal including its shell can penetrate inside the fruit.[4] Z. Nitidus mainly eat decayed plant, algae, and fungus, and prey upon snails and bivalve species from June to August.[9]
In Germany up to three clutches of 2-9 eggs per individual are laid in all seasons, with some days or weeks spacing between egg-laying.[4] Egg diameter is 1.0-1.6 mm.[4] Eggs are laid loose into the soil.[4] Juveniles have 1.5 whorls (diameter 1-1.2 mm) after hatching.[4] They start feeding on disintegrating plant remains in the soil.[4] After 3 months the shell diameter reaches up to 3 mm under favourable conditions, after 10 months 6 mm, and full size after slightly more than one year.[4] Maximum age is 18 months under laboratory conditions.[4]
This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.[4]
^Müller O. F. 1774. Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum, et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Volumen alterum. pp. I-XXVI [= 1-36], 1-214, [1-10]. Havniæ & Lipsiæ. (Heineck & Faber).
^"Zonitoides nitida". Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. from the original on 2016-12-25. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
^Balashov I. & Gural-Sverlova N. 2012. An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. Journal of Conchology. 41 (1): 91-109.
^Rondelaud, Daniel; Vignoles, Philippe; Dreyfuss, Gilles; Mage, Christian (2006). "The control of Galba truncatula (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) by the terrestrial snail Zonitoides nitidus on acid soils". Biological Control. 39 (3): 290–299. Bibcode:2006BiolC..39..290R. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.07.015.
^Olsson I.-M., Stéen M. & Mann H. (1993). "Gastropod hosts of Elaphostrongylus spp. (Protostrongylidae, Nematoda)". Rangifer13(1): 53-55. PDF.
Minato, H. (1988). A systematic and bibliographic list of the Japanese land snails. H. Minato, Shirahama, 294 pp., 7 pls.
Riedel, A. (1995). Zonitidae sensu lato (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) der Türkei. Übersicht der Arten. Fragmenta Faunistica, 38 (1): 1-86. Warszawa
Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates.
Bank, R. A.; Neubert, E. (2017). Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe. Last update: July 16, 2017
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zonitoides nitidus.
Reinhardt, O. (1877). Über japanische Hyalinen, unter Zugrundelegung der Sammlungen des Herrn Hilgendorf. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin. 1877: 89-97
Pilsbry, H. A. (1902). New land mollusks from the Japanese Empire. The Nautilus. 16(4): 45-47; 16(5): 53-57
Clessin, S. (1878). Nordschwedische Mollusken. Malakozoologische Blätter. 25: 67–79.
Schileyko, A. A. & Rymzhanov, T. S. (2013). Fauna of land mollusks (Gastropoda, Pulmonata Terrestria) of Kazakhstan and adjacent territories. Moscow-Almaty: KMK Scientific Press. 389 pp
Didier, B. & Rondelaud, D. (1989). Première données sur le régime alimentaire de Zonitoides nitidus Müller (Mollusque Gasteropod Pulmone). Bulletin de la Société d'Historie Naturelle de Toulouse. 125: 111-118
Media related to Zonitoides nitidus at Wikimedia Commons
image of Zonitoides nitidus
" Rondelaud, D. & Vignoles, P (2006). The control of Balba Truncatula(Gastropada:Lymnaeidae) by terrestial snail Zonitioudes nituds on acid soils. Elsierver
April 09, 2024
zonitoides, nitidus, sometimes, zonitoides, nitida, species, small, breathing, land, snail, terrestrial, pulmonate, gastropod, mollusc, family, gastrodontidae, shells, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryotakingdom, animaliaphylum, molluscaclass, gastropod. Zonitoides nitidus sometimes Zonitoides nitida 2 is a species of small air breathing land snail a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Gastrodontidae 3 Zonitoides nitidusTwo shells of Zonitoides nitidusScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum MolluscaClass GastropodaSubclass HeterobranchiaOrder StylommatophoraSuperfamily GastrodontoideaFamily GastrodontidaeGenus ZonitoidesSpecies Z nitidusBinomial nameZonitoides nitidus Muller 1774 1 SynonymsHelicella nitida O F Muller 1774 superseded combination Helix hydrophyla Miles 1861 nomen nudum Helix nitida O F Muller 1774 original combination Hyalina Euhyalina yessoensis Reinhardt 1877 junior synonym Oxychilus lucidus Draparnaud 1801 junior subjective synonym Zonites nitidus O F Muller 1774 superseded combination Zonitoides Zonitoides nitidus O F Muller 1774 alternate representation Zonitoides nitidus var borealis Clessin 1878 junior synonym Zonitoides subarboreus Pilsbry 1902 junior synonym Zonitoides nitidus is the type species of the genus Zonitoides Contents 1 Distribution 2 Description 3 Ecology 4 References 5 External linksDistribution edit nbsp DistributionThe distribution of Zonitoides nitidus includes the Holarctic zone It is found almost all over Europe except the southernmost regions 4 Czech Republic least concern LC 5 Netherlands 6 Russia Sverdlovsk oblast 7 Ukraine 8 Slovakia Great Britain north British highland zones and not in north Scotland 4 In some regions in Britain the species has declined due to drainage 4 Ireland Hebrides 4 Orkney 4 Shetland 4 rare in northern Greece 4 CanadaThe non indigenous distribution of this species includes introduced to Menorca 4 Description edit nbsp Photo of the shell The shell is reddish brown 4 The umbilicus is large almost 25 of shell diameter 4 The shell is with radial growth lines 4 The width of the shell is 6 7 mm 4 The height of the shell is 3 5 4 0 mm 4 The animal is black with a characteristic orange dash the mantle gland is visible under the shell s aperture 4 Juveniles are whitish grey with light brown translucent shells 4 Ecology editZonitoides nitidus occurs in wet meadows and river woods usually near water bodies swamps and swampy forests in the zone of emergent vegetation 4 Man made habitats such as pools in old quarries are sometimes colonized after a few years 4 In Switzerland it is found up to 2100m of altitude 4 Zonitoides nitidus is herbivorous 4 These snails feed on disintegrating leaves mushrooms roots and fruit 4 They do not eat dry leaves 4 Humid leaves are preferred 4 When consuming soft food such as mushrooms or soft fruits Zonitoides nitidus penetrates perpendicularly inside producing characteristic holes the entire animal including its shell can penetrate inside the fruit 4 Z Nitidus mainly eat decayed plant algae and fungus and prey upon snails and bivalve species from June to August 9 In Germany up to three clutches of 2 9 eggs per individual are laid in all seasons with some days or weeks spacing between egg laying 4 Egg diameter is 1 0 1 6 mm 4 Eggs are laid loose into the soil 4 Juveniles have 1 5 whorls diameter 1 1 2 mm after hatching 4 They start feeding on disintegrating plant remains in the soil 4 After 3 months the shell diameter reaches up to 3 mm under favourable conditions after 10 months 6 mm and full size after slightly more than one year 4 Maximum age is 18 months under laboratory conditions 4 Parasites of Zonitoides nitidus include Elaphostrongylus spp 10 Parelaphostrongylus tenuis 11 References editThis article incorporates public domain text from the reference 4 Muller O F 1774 Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium seu animalium infusoriorum helminthicorum et testaceorum non marinorum succincta historia Volumen alterum pp I XXVI 1 36 1 214 1 10 Havniae amp Lipsiae Heineck amp Faber Zonitoides nitida Utah Division of Wildlife Resources Archived from the original on 2016 12 25 Retrieved May 18 2017 MolluscaBase eds 2023 MolluscaBase Zonitoides nitidus O F Muller 1774 Accessed through World Register of Marine Species at https www marinespecies org aphia php p taxdetails amp id 1050736 on 2023 12 09 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae Species summary for Zonitoides nitidus AnimalBase last modified 29 August 2010 accessed 3 September 2010 Jurickova L Horsak M amp Beran L 2001 Check list of the molluscs Mollusca of the Czech Republic Acta Soc Zool Bohem 65 25 40 Anemoon gt Flora en Fauna gt Soorteninformatie www anemoon org 1 permanent dead link Balashov I amp Gural Sverlova N 2012 An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine Journal of Conchology 41 1 91 109 Rondelaud Daniel Vignoles Philippe Dreyfuss Gilles Mage Christian 2006 The control of Galba truncatula Gastropoda Lymnaeidae by the terrestrial snail Zonitoides nitidus on acid soils Biological Control 39 3 290 299 Bibcode 2006BiolC 39 290R doi 10 1016 j biocontrol 2006 07 015 Olsson I M Steen M amp Mann H 1993 Gastropod hosts of Elaphostrongylus spp Protostrongylidae Nematoda Rangifer 13 1 53 55 PDF Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment Brainworm accessed 14 December 2010 Minato H 1988 A systematic and bibliographic list of the Japanese land snails H Minato Shirahama 294 pp 7 pls Riedel A 1995 Zonitidae sensu lato Gastropoda Stylommatophora der Turkei Ubersicht der Arten Fragmenta Faunistica 38 1 1 86 Warszawa Sysoev A V amp Schileyko A A 2009 Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries Sofia Moskva Pensoft 312 pp 142 plates Bank R A Neubert E 2017 Checklist of the land and freshwater Gastropoda of Europe Last update July 16 2017External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zonitoides nitidus Reinhardt O 1877 Uber japanische Hyalinen unter Zugrundelegung der Sammlungen des Herrn Hilgendorf Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1877 89 97 Pilsbry H A 1902 New land mollusks from the Japanese Empire The Nautilus 16 4 45 47 16 5 53 57 Clessin S 1878 Nordschwedische Mollusken Malakozoologische Blatter 25 67 79 Schileyko A A amp Rymzhanov T S 2013 Fauna of land mollusks Gastropoda Pulmonata Terrestria of Kazakhstan and adjacent territories Moscow Almaty KMK Scientific Press 389 pp Didier B amp Rondelaud D 1989 Premiere donnees sur le regime alimentaire de Zonitoides nitidus Muller Mollusque Gasteropod Pulmone Bulletin de la Societe d Historie Naturelle de Toulouse 125 111 118 nbsp Media related to Zonitoides nitidus at Wikimedia Commons image of Zonitoides nitidus Rondelaud D amp Vignoles P 2006 The control of Balba Truncatula Gastropada Lymnaeidae by terrestial snail Zonitioudes nituds on acid soils Elsierver Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zonitoides nitidus amp oldid 1214508149, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
