Zoe Leonard
Zoe Leonard (born 1961) is an American artist who works primarily with photography and sculpture. She has exhibited widely since the late 1980s and her work has been included in a number of seminal exhibitions including Documenta IX and Documenta XII, and the 1993, 1997 and 2014 Whitney biennials. She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2020.[1]
Zoe Leonard | |
|---|---|
Leonard poem on the High Line in New York City | |
| Born | 1961 (age 61–62) |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for |
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Early life Edit
Leonard was born in 1961 in Liberty, New York.[2][3] Leonard's mother was a Polish refugee who was born in Warsaw, immigrating to America at the age of 9 during World War II. Her mother's family were wealthy members of the Polish aristocracy who were involved in the movement for Polish independence and the Polish Resistance. Many members of Leonard's maternal line were killed during the war. Despite being non-Jews, her mother's family was persecuted by the Nazis for their opposition to Nazism and their Polish nationalism. Leonard has stated that her grandmother "was really invested in this idea that we were still aristocracy", although her family was living in poverty in Harlem.[4] Aged 16, she dropped out of school and started taking photographs.[3] She has spent most of her adult life living in New York City, whose built environment has been the subject matter of much of her work (e.g. sidewalks, storefronts, apartment buildings, chain-link fencing, graffiti, and boarded-up windows.)[5] Leonard became well known internationally following her installation at Documenta IX in 1992.
Career Edit
From her earliest aerial photographs to her images of museum displays, anatomical models, and fashion shows, much of Leonard's work reflects on the framing, classifying, and ordering of vision. She explained in an interview: "Rather than any one subject or genre (landscape, portrait, still life, etc), I was, and remain, interested in engaging a simultaneous questioning of both subject and vantage point, the relation between viewer and world — in short, subjectivity and how it informs our experience of the world."[6]
Leonard was active in AIDS advocacy and queer politics in New York in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1992 she wrote "I want a president", a poem inspired by Eileen Myles's run for president.[7]
In 1995 she staged an exhibition at her studio on the Lower East Side of Manhattan which featured the work Strange Fruit, an installation of various fruit skins (oranges, bananas, grapefruits, lemons) that Leonard saved and then sewed together by hand with wire and thread. Strange Fruit is dedicated to the friend of Leonard and a fellow artist, David Wojnarowicz, who died in 1992.[8] It grew out of a deeply personal response to the losses of the AIDS epidemic and as a meditation on mourning, it became a seminal work of the 1990s. Strange Fruit was exhibited in 1998 at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, where it currently resides.[9]
During the mid-1990s Leonard spent two years living in a remote part of Alaska, an experience that influenced much of her later artwork, which often foregrounds relationships between humans and the natural world.[10] Trees are a motif in Leonard's work: examples include a "reconstructed" tree that she installed in Vienna's in 1997 as well as numerous photographs of urban trees mangled in chain-link and razor wire fences.[11]
Leonard began working on the Fae Richards Photo Archive in 1993 after being approached by director Cheryl Dunye to create a fictive archive of photographs for Dunye's 1996 fictional documentary The Watermelon Woman, in which protagonist Cheryl, played by Dunye, searches for the history of black lesbian entertainer Fae Richards.[12] The photographs, which Leonard treated by hand to appear aged, are used as props in the film and were included in the 1997 Whitney Biennial.
Between 1998 and 2009, Leonard worked on Analogue, a monumental project consisting of an installation of 412 C-prints and gelatin silver prints[13] (in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art, New York[14] and the Reina Sofia, Madrid),[15] and a portfolio of 40 dye-transfer prints. Influenced by Eugène Atget and Walker Evans but born out of a 21st-century reconsideration of the role of photography, Analogue explores transformations in global labor, trade, and social relationships in parallel with the shift from analogue to digital image-making.[16] Holland Cotter described an experience of the work in The New York Times in 2009:
"In her straight-ahead photographs of storefronts, an arrangement of shoes or shrink-wrapped furniture becomes a vanitas still life. A hand-painted shop sign becomes a relic. Over several photographs, we sense that an unnamed neighborhood — Ms. Leonard expanded her field work to include East Harlem, Bedford-Stuyvesant and Crown Heights — is packing up to leave. A city's material culture is doing a vanishing act. And where is the material going? Back to a version of the world it came from. Many of the cut-rate goods sold in the Lower East Side shops originated in urban sweatshops in China and Pakistan and are eventually passed on as surplus to other poor cities in Africa and Central America. In the wraparound grid of pictures in Analogue we follow recycled clothes from Brooklyn to the city of Kampala in Uganda, where they are sold as new in stores like the Money Is Life House of Garments."[17]
Exhibitions Edit
Analogue was first exhibited in 2007 at the Wexner Center for the Arts in Columbus, Ohio, and at Documenta XII in Kassel, Germany, followed by presentations at Villa Arson in Nice, and Dia at the Hispanic Society and the Museum of Modern Art in New York and was included in a touring retrospective of Leonard's work which originated in 2007 at the Fotomuseum Winterthur, and later traveled to the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid; MuMOK — Museum Moderner Kunst Stifting Ludwig, Vienna; and Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich. Analogue is in the collection of The Museum of Modern Art, New York and the Reina Sofia, Madrid.
More recent exhibitions have included You See I Am Here After All at Dia: Beacon (2009) which featured a set of 3883 postcards of waterfalls, reminiscent of Yokoo Tadanori's Waterfall Rapture collection of 13,000 waterfall postcards,[18] one of which carries the phrase "You See I Am Here After All" which critic Jonathan Flatley connects to the work of On Kawara's telegrams which read "I AM STILL ALIVE"[19] This work was also exhibited at the Whitney in Leonard's 2018 retrospective.[20] Other exhibitions such as Serialities at Hauser & Wirth, Observation Point 2014-01-02 at the Wayback Machine, Camden Arts Centre, London (2012), an installation at the Chinati Foundation, Marfa, Texas (2013-2014) and the 2014 Whitney Biennial, for which Leonard won the Bucksbaum Award with her work "945 Madison Avenue". In 2018, the Whitney Museum of American Art mounted Leonard's first career retrospective in the United States, an exhibition organized by the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, where the show traveled in late 2018.[21][22]
Other activities Edit
Texts by Leonard, an insightful writer and a pre-eminent thinker on the discipline of photography, have appeared in LTTR, October, and Texte zur Kunst, and in recent monographs on Agnes Martin, James Castle and Josiah McElheny.
In addition to working on her art, Leonard has been serving on the advisory board of the Hauser & Wirth Institute since 2018.[23] She was also a member of the jury that selected Cathy Wilkes as recipient of the inaugural Maria Lassnig Prize in 2017.[24]
Publications Edit
- 1991 – Information: Zoe Leonard (with text by Jutta Koether), Galerie Gisela Capitain, Cologne | ASIN B005MJ5M9I
- 1995 – Strange Fruit, Paula Cooper Gallery, NY | ASIN B0006PFWNY
- 1997 – Zoe Leonard, Kunsthalle Basel, Basel
- 1997 – Zoe Leonard, (with an interview by Anna Blume), Secession, Vienna
- 1998 – Zoe Leonard, (with text by Elisabeth Lebovici), Centre national de la photographie, Paris
- 2007 – Analogue, Wexner Center for the Arts, Columbus, OH, MIT Press | ISBN 978-0262122955
- 2008 – Zoe Leonard: Photographs (with texts by Svetlana Alpers, Elisabeth Lebovici, Urs Stahel), Fotomuseum Winterthur, Steidl | ISBN 978-3865214942
- 2010 – You See I Am Here After All (with texts by Ann Reynolds, Angela Miller, Lytle Shaw, and Lynne Cooke), Dia Art Foundation, New York; Yale University Press, New Haven, CT and London, UK | ISBN 978-0300151688
- 2014 – Available Light, Ridinghouse / Dancing Foxes, London, UK and Brooklyn
- 2017 – I want a president: Transcript of a Rally (with contributions by Sharon Hayes, Wu Tsang, Mel Elberg, Eileen Myles, Pamela Sneed, Fred Moten & Stefano Harney, Alexandro Segade, Layli Long Soldier, Malik Gaines, and Justin Vivian Bond & Nath Ann Carrera), Dancing Foxes Press | ISBN 978-0300151688
- 2018 – Zoe Leonard: Survey, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles | ISBN 978-3791357317
Recognition Edit
Leonard was awarded the Bucksbaum Prize in 2014 from the Whitney Museum[25] and the Anonymous was a Woman Award in 2005.[26] She received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2020.[27]
References Edit
- ^ "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Current". Retrieved 2021-03-08.
- ^ , e-flux, November 30, 2007, archived from the original on July 8, 2010, retrieved May 13, 2010
- ^ a b Hammond, Harmony (2000). Lesbian Art in America: A Contemporary History. New York: Rizzoli International Publications. p. 80. ISBN 0-8478-2248-6.
- ^ "Interviewee: Zoe Leonard" (PDF). ACT Up. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
- ^ Beyfus, Drusilla (February 11, 2010), "Zoe Leonard: Deutsche Börse Photography Prize 2010", The Daily Telegraph, retrieved May 13, 2010
- ^ Elisabeth Lebovici & Zoe Leonard. "The Politics of Contemplation" (PDF). Murray Guy, New York. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
- ^ I Want a Dyke for President: Zoe Leonard's Landmarked Poem Revived After U.S. Midterms, Frieze, Nov. 20, 2018.
- ^ Sorkin, Jenni (March 2008), , frieze, no. 113, archived from the original on 2008-02-26, retrieved May 16, 2010
- ^ "Museum Acquires 'Strange Fruit' And A Group Of Photographs By Zoe Leonard", Philadelphia Museum of Art, retrieved May 16, 2010
- ^ Debord, Matthew (January 1999), "Zoe Leonard talks about her recent work", Artforum, Artforum International Magazine, Inc., retrieved May 15, 2010
- ^ "Zoe Leonard". Murray Guy: Selected Works. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard". National Gallery of Art. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
- ^ Great Women Artists. Phaidon Press. 2019. p. 240. ISBN 978-0714878775.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard: Analogue | MoMA". The Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard - Analogue". www.museoreinasofia.es. Retrieved 2018-03-06.
- ^ Godfrey, Mark (March 2008). "Mirror Displacements: The Art of Zoe Leonard" (PDF). Artforum. Retrieved July 9, 2013.
- ^ Coter, Holland (March 5, 2009). "Change and Permanence, Captured by Cameras". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
- ^ "YOKOO TADANORI Waterfall Rapture Postcards of Falling Water". catalogue.swanngalleries.com. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
- ^ Twilley, Stephen (2018-06-15). ""A Thousand Years" of Zoe Leonard". Public Books. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard Whitney Museum / New York". Flash Art. 2018-06-06. Retrieved 2022-12-28.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard: Survey | Whitney Museum of American Art". whitney.org. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
- ^ "Jason Rosenfeld, Zoe Leonard: Survey | Whitney Museum of American Art". brooklynrail.org. 4 April 2018. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
- ^ Alex Greenberger (November 27, 2018), Aiming to Preserve Artists’ Legacies, Hauser & Wirth Founds Nonprofit Institute for Archival Projects ARTnews.
- ^ Alex Greenberger (12 January 2017), Cathy Wilkes Wins Inaugural Maria Lassnig Prize ARTnews.
- ^ "Zoe Leonard Wins Whitney's Bucksbaum Award for Camera Obscura". Artnet News. 2014-05-15. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
- ^ "Recipients to Date". Anonymous Was A Woman. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
- ^ "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Zoe Leonard". Retrieved 2021-03-08.