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Big Bow (Kiowa leader)

Big Bow (1833[1]–c. 1900) was a Kiowa war leader during the 19th century, an associate of Guipago and Satanta.

Big Bow
Zepko-ette
Big Bow (right), Kiowa war chief
Born1833 (1833)
Diedcirca 1900
NationalityKiowa

Big Bow's name in Kiowa is Zepko-ette, also spelled Za-ko-yea. He was born in Elk Creek in Indian Territory in 1833.[1]

He was active in the Southern Plains, in the present day states of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Big Bow raided native and non-native settlements and took part in the Warren Wagon Train Raid, on May 18, 1871 on Salt Creek Prairie in Texas, along with Satank, Satanta, Mamanti, Tsen-tainte (White Horse), Ado-ete (Big Tree), Fast Bear, Yellow Wolf, Eagle Head.

But Satanta, while asking the Indian Agent on the Kiowa-Comanche Reservation for ammunition and supplies, bragged that he had led the war party at Salt Creek Prairie, and told Satank and young war leader Ado-ete (Big Tree) were there too; he didn't call the names of Mamanti, Tsen-tainte (White Horse), Fast Bear, Yellow Wolf, Eagle Head, so they weren't arrested.

On April 20, 1872 Zepko-ete and Tsen-tainte, with about one hundred of their Kiowa warriors and Comanche allies, attacked a government wagon train at Howard Wells station, along the San Antonio - El Paso trail, killing 17 Mexicans and kidnapping a woman; two companies (A and H) of 9th Cavalry from Fort Clark, led by capt. N. Cooney and lt. F. R. Vincent, got the Indians, but were forced to retreat after suffering two casualties (lt. Vincent himself, deadly wounded, and a "Buffalo Soldier"; ten Indians (four in the assault on the wagon train and six in the fight against the "Buffalo Soldiers") were reported to have been killed.

Big Bow joined Guipago and the Comanche under Quanah and made a name for himself in the Comanche Campaign and the Red River War; he was one of the last to surrender (following Tene-angopte's advice), in January 1875, to the United States, before Guipago's surrendering on February 25, 1875.

Committed to anti-white ideals and a path of resistive violence, Big Bow refused to sign the Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867, which relocated the Kiowa and Comanche to live together on a reservation in western Oklahoma and Texas.[2] Although failed, Big Bow also participated in the Battle of Adobe Walls, a violent struggle in an attempt to push invaders out from hunting buffalo on their tribal lands.[3] His defiance and frustration against the white-washing of his land and traditions revealed itself through his violent endeavors and actions. So committed to bloodshed to fight for his beliefs, Thomas Battey, a Quaker missionary close to the tribe, commented on his ferocious countenance.[4] Determined to preserve his lands, he was devoted to violence as an enforcer. When the Kiowas were forced onto their reservation in 1875, Tene-angopte didn't include him in the number of Kiowa chiefs and warriors to be deported to Fort Marion, Florida, and Big Bow and his family settled near Rainy Mountain in Indian Territory.[1]

See also Edit

Notes Edit

  1. ^ a b c "Big Bow." Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  2. ^ Levy, Jerrold E. "Kiowa." Handbook of North American Indians. Ed. William C. Sturtevant and Raymond J. DeMallie. Vol. 13. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 2001. 907-25. Print.
  3. ^ Hoxie, Frederick E. Encyclopedia of North American Indians. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996. Print.
  4. ^ Anderson, Allen H. "Big Bow." Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association, 12 June 2010. Web. 02 Dec. 2015.

References Edit

[1]

kiowa, leader, 1833, 1900, kiowa, leader, during, 19th, century, associate, guipago, satanta, bowzepko, ettebig, right, kiowa, chiefborn1833, 1833, diedcirca, 1900nationalitykiowabig, name, kiowa, zepko, ette, also, spelled, born, creek, indian, territory, 183. Big Bow 1833 1 c 1900 was a Kiowa war leader during the 19th century an associate of Guipago and Satanta Big BowZepko etteBig Bow right Kiowa war chiefBorn1833 1833 Diedcirca 1900NationalityKiowaBig Bow s name in Kiowa is Zepko ette also spelled Za ko yea He was born in Elk Creek in Indian Territory in 1833 1 He was active in the Southern Plains in the present day states of Kansas Oklahoma and Texas Big Bow raided native and non native settlements and took part in the Warren Wagon Train Raid on May 18 1871 on Salt Creek Prairie in Texas along with Satank Satanta Mamanti Tsen tainte White Horse Ado ete Big Tree Fast Bear Yellow Wolf Eagle Head But Satanta while asking the Indian Agent on the Kiowa Comanche Reservation for ammunition and supplies bragged that he had led the war party at Salt Creek Prairie and told Satank and young war leader Ado ete Big Tree were there too he didn t call the names of Mamanti Tsen tainte White Horse Fast Bear Yellow Wolf Eagle Head so they weren t arrested On April 20 1872 Zepko ete and Tsen tainte with about one hundred of their Kiowa warriors and Comanche allies attacked a government wagon train at Howard Wells station along the San Antonio El Paso trail killing 17 Mexicans and kidnapping a woman two companies A and H of 9th Cavalry from Fort Clark led by capt N Cooney and lt F R Vincent got the Indians but were forced to retreat after suffering two casualties lt Vincent himself deadly wounded and a Buffalo Soldier ten Indians four in the assault on the wagon train and six in the fight against the Buffalo Soldiers were reported to have been killed Big Bow joined Guipago and the Comanche under Quanah and made a name for himself in the Comanche Campaign and the Red River War he was one of the last to surrender following Tene angopte s advice in January 1875 to the United States before Guipago s surrendering on February 25 1875 Committed to anti white ideals and a path of resistive violence Big Bow refused to sign the Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867 which relocated the Kiowa and Comanche to live together on a reservation in western Oklahoma and Texas 2 Although failed Big Bow also participated in the Battle of Adobe Walls a violent struggle in an attempt to push invaders out from hunting buffalo on their tribal lands 3 His defiance and frustration against the white washing of his land and traditions revealed itself through his violent endeavors and actions So committed to bloodshed to fight for his beliefs Thomas Battey a Quaker missionary close to the tribe commented on his ferocious countenance 4 Determined to preserve his lands he was devoted to violence as an enforcer When the Kiowas were forced onto their reservation in 1875 Tene angopte didn t include him in the number of Kiowa chiefs and warriors to be deported to Fort Marion Florida and Big Bow and his family settled near Rainy Mountain in Indian Territory 1 See also Edit Texas portalDohasan Satank Guipago Satanta Mamanti Tene angopte Tsen tainte Ado eteNotes Edit a b c Big Bow Texas State Historical Association Retrieved 21 June 2012 Levy Jerrold E Kiowa Handbook of North American Indians Ed William C Sturtevant and Raymond J DeMallie Vol 13 Washington Smithsonian Institution 2001 907 25 Print Hoxie Frederick E Encyclopedia of North American Indians Boston Houghton Mifflin 1996 Print Anderson Allen H Big Bow Handbook of Texas Online Texas State Historical Association 12 June 2010 Web 02 Dec 2015 References Edit 1 This Oklahoma related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Big Bow Kiowa leader amp oldid 1142928377, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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