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Yenisei Inscriptions

The Yenisei Inscriptions are a series of Old Turkic inscriptions from the 8th-10th century CE, found near Yenisei Kyrgyz kurgans located in the Upper and Middle basins of the Yenisei River in modern-day Russia in Khakassia, Tuva and the Altai Republic.[1][2]

Yenisei Basin

It is believed that Yenisei Inscriptions belong to different Turkic tribes living in Yenisei region. Some of these inscriptions, which are usually erected as tombstones, are a few words, most of them 5-10 lines. These inscriptions are written in a plain and no exaggeration language.[3] It is often seen that the author tells in a sincere language that they left this world without being satiated. Traces of Shamanism is also seen in the inscriptions.[4]

Period edit

Yenisei inscriptions used unique letters instead of some of the Orkhon letters that we see in Orkhon inscriptions. These are more primitive than the letters used in Orkhon inscriptions. The texts used in the inscriptions are also primitive compared to the Orkhon inscriptions and there are no long texts since all are tombstones. Therefore, it is thought to have been written before the Orkhon inscriptions.[3][5] However, dating studies point to the 8th-9th centuries.[6]

 
Yenisei written monuments: E-1 monument Uyuk-Tarlak, E-2 monument Uyuk-Arzhan, E-37 monument Tes
 
Stele Uybat-I. The stele itself dates back to the Okunev culture, 2nd millennium BCE.[7][8]
 
Re-used Deer stone stele (circa 1000 BCE), with Uyuk Turan Inscription.[9]

History of investigation edit

By 1983, 145 inscriptions were known, by 2006 - 184 inscriptions,[10] and as of 2013, 225 inscriptions have been found.[11]

Inscriptions of Yenisei tribes edit

The inscriptions were named with the name of the river, village or region where they were first found, and were indicated with numbers such as E-1, E-50, e-150 in academic type. For example: Uyuk-Tarlak (Е-1), Barık I (Е-5), Barık II (Е-6), Elegest (Е-10), Begre (Е-11), Uybat I (Е-30) etc.[12][13][14][15]

List of Inscriptions[16][17][18] edit

  • E1 ( Uyuk-Tarlak
  • E2 ( Uyuk-Arjan )
  • E3 ( Uyuk-Turan
  • E4 ( Ottuk-Daş I )
  • E5 ( Barık I )
  • E6 ( Barık II )
  • E7 ( Barık III )
  • E8 ( Barık IV )
  • E9 ( Kara-sug )
  • E10 ( Elegest Yazıtı I
  • E11 ( Begre )
  • E12 ( Aldı-Bel I )
  • E13 ( Çaa-höl I )
  • E14 ( Çaa-höl II )
  • E15 ( Çaa-höl III )
  • E16 ( Çaa-höl IV )
  • E17 ( Çaa-höl V )
  • E18 ( Çaa-höl VI )
  • E19 ( Çaa-höl VII )
  • E20 ( Çaa-höl VIII )
  • E21 ( Çaa-höl IX )
  • E22 ( Çaa-höl X )
  • E23 ( Çaa-höl XI )
  • E24 ( Inscriptions on Khaya-Uju rocks )
  • E25 ( Oznachennoe )
  • E28 ( Oçurı Аçurı )
  • E27 ( Oya )
  • E28 ( Altın-köl )
  • E29 ( Altın-Köl )
  • E30 ( Uybat I )
  • E31 ( Uybat II )
  • E32 ( Uybat III )
  • E33 ( Uybat-IV )
  • E34 ( Uybat-V )
  • E35 ( Tuba I )
  • E36 ( Tuba II )
  • E37 ( Tes )
  • E38 ( Ak-Yus )
  • E39 ( Kara-Yus )
  • E40 ( Taşeba )
  • E41 ( Kemçik-Çıgrak )
  • E42 ( Bay-bulun I )
  • E43 ( Kızıl-Çıraa I )
  • E44 ( Kızıl-Çıraa II )
  • E45 ( Kejeelig-Hovu )
  • E46 ( Tele )
  • E48 ( Abakan )
  • E49 ( Bay-bulun II )
  • E50 ( Tuva stele «B» inscriptions )
  • E51 ( Tıva III )
  • E52 ( Elegest II )
  • E53 ( Elegest III )
  • E54 ( Ottuk Daş III )
  • E55 ( Tuvian stele "G" )
  • E56 ( Malinovka )
  • E57 ( Suygyn )
  • E58 ( Kezek-Hure )
  • E59 ( Kerbis-baarı )
  • E60 ( Sargal Aqsy )
  • E61 ( Sulug-adır-aksı )
  • E62 ( Kanımıldık-kobı )
  • E63 ( Ortaa-Hem )
  • E64 ( Ottuk Daş II )
  • E65 ( Kara-bulun I )
  • E66 ( Kara-bulun II )
  • E67 ( Kara-bulun III )
  • E68 ( El-Bajı )
  • E69 ( Çer-Çarık )
  • E70 ( Elegest IV Eer Hol )
  • E71 ( Podkuninskoe )
  • E72 ( Aldı Bel II )
  • E73 ( Yime )
  • E74 ( Samagaltay )
  • E75 ( Küten-Buluk )
  • E76 ( Mirror I )
  • E77 ( Mirror II )
  • E78 ( Inscription on Chinese copper coin I )
  • E79 ( Inscription on Chinese copper coin II )
  • E80 ( Bronze Plaque )
  • E81 ( Golden Vessel I )
  • E82 ( Golden Vessel II )
  • E83 ( Uybat VII )
  • E84 ( Mirror III )
  • E85 ( Mirror IV )
  • E86 ( Amulet Signs )
  • E87 ( Text on a Spindle )
  • E88 ( Text on an Amulet )
  • E89 ( Övür-I )
  • E90 ( Övür-I )
  • E91 ( Bedelig )
  • E92 ( Demir-Sug )
  • E93 ( Yur-Sayur I )
  • E94 ( Yur-Sayur II )
  • E95 ( Xemçik-Bom I )
  • E96 ( Xemçik-Bom II )
  • E97 ( Xemçik-Bom III )
  • E98 ( Uybat VI )
  • E99 ( Ortaa-Tey )
  • E100 ( Bayan-Qol )
  • E102 ( Arjan II inscriptions )
  • E103 ( Arjan II inscriptions )
  • E104 ( Oznachennoe II )
  • E105 ( A Stele from Kyzyl Museum )
  • E108 ( Uyuk Oorzak I )
  • E109 ( Uyuk Oorzak II )
  • E110 ( Uyuk Oorzak III )
  • E111 ( Tepsey I )
  • E112 ( Tepsey II )
  • E113 ( Tepsey III )
  • E114 ( Tepsey IV )
  • E115 ( Tepsey V )
  • E116 ( Tepsey VI )
  • E117 ( Tepsey VII )
  • E118 ( Turan I )
  • E119 ( Saglı / Balbal Inscription in Saglı )
  • E120 ( Tugutüp I )
  • E121 ( Tugutüp II )
  • E122 ( İyme II )
  • E123 ( Tepsey VIII )
  • E124 ( Tepsey IX )
  • E125 ( Tepsey X )
  • E126 ( Tepsey XI )
  • E127 ( Mirror V / Zerkale iz Minusinska )
  • E128 ( Mirror VI )
  • E129 ( Mirror VII )
  • E130 ( Mirror VIII )
  • E131 ( Bronz Levha / Bronz Söve Pervazı )
  • E132 ( Uybat VIII / Uybat ÇaaTas Stone )
  • E133 ( Kopön Altın Küp III / Kopyon Çaa-Tas Stone )
  • E134 ( Ust-Sos )
  • E135 ( Ust-Kulog )
  • E136 ( Mugur-Sargol I )
  • E137 ( Kres-Haya )
  • E138 ( Kara-Yüs II / Ozernaya )
  • E139 ( Çaptıkov Taşı / Çaptık Taşı )
  • E140 ( Mugur-Sargol II )
  • E141 ( Bow sheath from Aymırlıg Kurgan I / the inscription on the horn bow I )
  • E142 ( Bow sheath from Aymırlıg Kurgan II / the inscription on the horn bow II )
  • E143 ( Mirror IX )
  • E144 ( Novosyolovo )
  • E145 ( Mugur-Sargol III )
  • E146 ( - )
  • E147 ( Yeerbek I )
  • E148 ( Mugur-Sargol II )
  • E149 ( Yeerbek II )
  • E150 ( - )
  • E151 ( - )
  • E152 ( Şançı 3 )
  • E153 ( Alash I )
  • E154 ( Alash II )
  • E155 ( Lisiç'ya I )
  • E164 ( Adrianov )

References edit

  1. ^ Kormushin, Igor (2019). "Yenisei runiform inscriptions and Turkic languages in the Yenisei Basin in the 8th - 10th centuries". Turkic Languages. 23 (2): 153–162.
  2. ^ "Yenisey Yazıtları » Sümbül Sokak" (in Turkish). 2021-02-12. Retrieved 2022-04-01.
  3. ^ a b "Yenisey yazıtları ve özellikleri: Yenisey yazıtları nedir, kime aittir?". Sabah (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-04-01.
  4. ^ Davletov, Nükhet OKUTAN; Davletov, Timur (2022-01-01). "Eski Türklerden Günümüze Altay Şamanizminde Çök/Sök Ayini". Journal of Old Turkic Studies (in Turkish). 6 (1): 21–38. doi:10.35236/jots.987916. S2CID 245622796.
  5. ^ Kılıç, Hüseyin (2002-03-01). "Yenisey Yazıtları". Çalakalem (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-04-01.
  6. ^ Aydin, Erhan (2012). "Yenisey Yazıtları nasıl tarihlendirilebilir?". Turkish Studies (Elektronik). 7 (2): 161–168. ISSN 1308-2140.
  7. ^ Bazin, Louis (1990). "Les premières inscriptions turques (VIe-Xe siècles) en Mongolie et en Sibérie méridionale". Arts Asiatiques. 45 (1): 53, Fig.6. doi:10.3406/arasi.1990.1278.
  8. ^ Rentzsch, Julian; Yıldız, Hülya (8 June 2020). "Uybat I". Uybat I. De Gruyter. p. 9. ISBN 978-3-11-067577-1. The stele bears a carved-out human face at the bottom, of which Kormušin (1997: 91) states that archaeologists date it to no later than the 2nd millennium B.C.E. without specifying a concrete source. The stone was brought to the Mart'janov Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk (Minusinskij regional'nyj kraevedčeskij muzej imeni N.M. Mart'janova) at the end of the 19th century, where it is kept under inventory no. 7 (Kormušin 1997: 91).
  9. ^ Bazin, Louis (1990). "Les premières inscriptions turques (VIe-Xe siècles) en Mongolie et en Sibérie méridionale". Arts Asiatiques. 45 (1): 53, Fig.8. doi:10.3406/arasi.1990.1278.
  10. ^ "Yenisey Bölgesi Yazıtları (184 yazıt)". UQUS TÜRK (in Turkish). 2012-02-12. Retrieved 2022-04-24.
  11. ^ Şemen, Serkan (2017-07-24). "Some Explanations on Yenisey Inscriptions". Journal of Old Turkic Studies (in Turkish). 1 (2): 64–73.
  12. ^ . Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  13. ^ . Archived from the original on 7 September 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  14. ^ . Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  15. ^ . 12 February 2012. Archived from the original on 13 October 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  16. ^ Aydin, Erhan (2011-10-01). "YENİSEY YAZITLARINDA GEÇEN UNVANLAR VE UNVAN NİTELEYİCİLERİ". Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı - Belleten. 59 (2): 5–26. ISSN 0564-5050.
  17. ^ Aydın, Erhan. "Yenisey Yazıtları / Yenisei Inscriptions. Konya, 2015: Kömen Publ". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. ^ Yildiz, Aygün; Çolak, Kerem (2020-12-25). "Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı'nda Yer Alan Değerler Kapsamında Yenisey Yazıtlarının İncelenmesi". Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi (in Turkish). 18 (40): 77–113. doi:10.34234/ded.698299. ISSN 1303-880X. S2CID 229661058.

Further reading edit

yenisei, inscriptions, series, turkic, inscriptions, from, 10th, century, found, near, yenisei, kyrgyz, kurgans, located, upper, middle, basins, yenisei, river, modern, russia, khakassia, tuva, altai, republic, yenisei, basinit, believed, that, belong, differe. The Yenisei Inscriptions are a series of Old Turkic inscriptions from the 8th 10th century CE found near Yenisei Kyrgyz kurgans located in the Upper and Middle basins of the Yenisei River in modern day Russia in Khakassia Tuva and the Altai Republic 1 2 Yenisei BasinIt is believed that Yenisei Inscriptions belong to different Turkic tribes living in Yenisei region Some of these inscriptions which are usually erected as tombstones are a few words most of them 5 10 lines These inscriptions are written in a plain and no exaggeration language 3 It is often seen that the author tells in a sincere language that they left this world without being satiated Traces of Shamanism is also seen in the inscriptions 4 Contents 1 Period 2 History of investigation 3 Inscriptions of Yenisei tribes 3 1 List of Inscriptions 16 17 18 4 References 5 Further readingPeriod editYenisei inscriptions used unique letters instead of some of the Orkhon letters that we see in Orkhon inscriptions These are more primitive than the letters used in Orkhon inscriptions The texts used in the inscriptions are also primitive compared to the Orkhon inscriptions and there are no long texts since all are tombstones Therefore it is thought to have been written before the Orkhon inscriptions 3 5 However dating studies point to the 8th 9th centuries 6 nbsp Yenisei written monuments E 1 monument Uyuk Tarlak E 2 monument Uyuk Arzhan E 37 monument Tes nbsp Stele Uybat I The stele itself dates back to the Okunev culture 2nd millennium BCE 7 8 nbsp Re used Deer stone stele circa 1000 BCE with Uyuk Turan Inscription 9 History of investigation editBy 1983 145 inscriptions were known by 2006 184 inscriptions 10 and as of 2013 225 inscriptions have been found 11 Inscriptions of Yenisei tribes editThe inscriptions were named with the name of the river village or region where they were first found and were indicated with numbers such as E 1 E 50 e 150 in academic type For example Uyuk Tarlak E 1 Barik I E 5 Barik II E 6 Elegest E 10 Begre E 11 Uybat I E 30 etc 12 13 14 15 List of Inscriptions 16 17 18 edit E1 Uyuk Tarlak E2 Uyuk Arjan E3 Uyuk Turan E4 Ottuk Das I E5 Barik I E6 Barik II E7 Barik III E8 Barik IV E9 Kara sug E10 Elegest Yaziti I E11 Begre E12 Aldi Bel I E13 Caa hol I E14 Caa hol II E15 Caa hol III E16 Caa hol IV E17 Caa hol V E18 Caa hol VI E19 Caa hol VII E20 Caa hol VIII E21 Caa hol IX E22 Caa hol X E23 Caa hol XI E24 Inscriptions on Khaya Uju rocks E25 Oznachennoe E28 Ocuri Acuri E27 Oya E28 Altin kol E29 Altin Kol E30 Uybat I E31 Uybat II E32 Uybat III E33 Uybat IV E34 Uybat V E35 Tuba I E36 Tuba II E37 Tes E38 Ak Yus E39 Kara Yus E40 Taseba E41 Kemcik Cigrak E42 Bay bulun I E43 Kizil Ciraa I E44 Kizil Ciraa II E45 Kejeelig Hovu E46 Tele E48 Abakan E49 Bay bulun II E50 Tuva stele B inscriptions E51 Tiva III E52 Elegest II E53 Elegest III E54 Ottuk Das III E55 Tuvian stele G E56 Malinovka E57 Suygyn E58 Kezek Hure E59 Kerbis baari E60 Sargal Aqsy E61 Sulug adir aksi E62 Kanimildik kobi E63 Ortaa Hem E64 Ottuk Das II E65 Kara bulun I E66 Kara bulun II E67 Kara bulun III E68 El Baji E69 Cer Carik E70 Elegest IV Eer Hol E71 Podkuninskoe E72 Aldi Bel II E73 Yime E74 Samagaltay E75 Kuten Buluk E76 Mirror I E77 Mirror II E78 Inscription on Chinese copper coin I E79 Inscription on Chinese copper coin II E80 Bronze Plaque E81 Golden Vessel I E82 Golden Vessel II E83 Uybat VII E84 Mirror III E85 Mirror IV E86 Amulet Signs E87 Text on a Spindle E88 Text on an Amulet E89 Ovur I E90 Ovur I E91 Bedelig E92 Demir Sug E93 Yur Sayur I E94 Yur Sayur II E95 Xemcik Bom I E96 Xemcik Bom II E97 Xemcik Bom III E98 Uybat VI E99 Ortaa Tey E100 Bayan Qol E102 Arjan II inscriptions E103 Arjan II inscriptions E104 Oznachennoe II E105 A Stele from Kyzyl Museum E108 Uyuk Oorzak I E109 Uyuk Oorzak II E110 Uyuk Oorzak III E111 Tepsey I E112 Tepsey II E113 Tepsey III E114 Tepsey IV E115 Tepsey V E116 Tepsey VI E117 Tepsey VII E118 Turan I E119 Sagli Balbal Inscription in Sagli E120 Tugutup I E121 Tugutup II E122 Iyme II E123 Tepsey VIII E124 Tepsey IX E125 Tepsey X E126 Tepsey XI E127 Mirror V Zerkale iz Minusinska E128 Mirror VI E129 Mirror VII E130 Mirror VIII E131 Bronz Levha Bronz Sove Pervazi E132 Uybat VIII Uybat CaaTas Stone E133 Kopon Altin Kup III Kopyon Caa Tas Stone E134 Ust Sos E135 Ust Kulog E136 Mugur Sargol I E137 Kres Haya E138 Kara Yus II Ozernaya E139 Captikov Tasi Captik Tasi E140 Mugur Sargol II E141 Bow sheath from Aymirlig Kurgan I the inscription on the horn bow I E142 Bow sheath from Aymirlig Kurgan II the inscription on the horn bow II E143 Mirror IX E144 Novosyolovo E145 Mugur Sargol III E146 E147 Yeerbek I E148 Mugur Sargol II E149 Yeerbek II E150 E151 E152 Sanci 3 E153 Alash I E154 Alash II E155 Lisic ya I E164 Adrianov References edit Kormushin Igor 2019 Yenisei runiform inscriptions and Turkic languages in the Yenisei Basin in the 8th 10th centuries Turkic Languages 23 2 153 162 Yenisey Yazitlari Sumbul Sokak in Turkish 2021 02 12 Retrieved 2022 04 01 a b Yenisey yazitlari ve ozellikleri Yenisey yazitlari nedir kime aittir Sabah in Turkish Retrieved 2022 04 01 Davletov Nukhet OKUTAN Davletov Timur 2022 01 01 Eski Turklerden Gunumuze Altay Samanizminde Cok Sok Ayini Journal of Old Turkic Studies in Turkish 6 1 21 38 doi 10 35236 jots 987916 S2CID 245622796 Kilic Huseyin 2002 03 01 Yenisey Yazitlari Calakalem in Turkish Retrieved 2022 04 01 Aydin Erhan 2012 Yenisey Yazitlari nasil tarihlendirilebilir Turkish Studies Elektronik 7 2 161 168 ISSN 1308 2140 Bazin Louis 1990 Les premieres inscriptions turques VIe Xe siecles en Mongolie et en Siberie meridionale Arts Asiatiques 45 1 53 Fig 6 doi 10 3406 arasi 1990 1278 Rentzsch Julian Yildiz Hulya 8 June 2020 Uybat I Uybat I De Gruyter p 9 ISBN 978 3 11 067577 1 The stele bears a carved out human face at the bottom of which Kormusin 1997 91 states that archaeologists date it to no later than the 2nd millennium B C E without specifying a concrete source The stone was brought to the Mart janov Museum of Local Lore in Minusinsk Minusinskij regional nyj kraevedceskij muzej imeni N M Mart janova at the end of the 19th century where it is kept under inventory no 7 Kormusin 1997 91 Bazin Louis 1990 Les premieres inscriptions turques VIe Xe siecles en Mongolie et en Siberie meridionale Arts Asiatiques 45 1 53 Fig 8 doi 10 3406 arasi 1990 1278 Yenisey Bolgesi Yazitlari 184 yazit UQUS TURK in Turkish 2012 02 12 Retrieved 2022 04 24 Semen Serkan 2017 07 24 Some Explanations on Yenisey Inscriptions Journal of Old Turkic Studies in Turkish 1 2 64 73 Arsivlenmis kopya Archived from the original on 22 February 2016 Retrieved 1 August 2016 Arsivlenmis kopya Archived from the original on 7 September 2016 Retrieved 1 August 2016 Arsivlenmis kopya Archived from the original on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 1 August 2016 Arsivlenmis kopya 12 February 2012 Archived from the original on 13 October 2016 Retrieved 1 August 2016 Aydin Erhan 2011 10 01 YENISEY YAZITLARINDA GECEN UNVANLAR VE UNVAN NITELEYICILERI Turk Dili Arastirmalari Yilligi Belleten 59 2 5 26 ISSN 0564 5050 Aydin Erhan Yenisey Yazitlari Yenisei Inscriptions Konya 2015 Komen Publ a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Yildiz Aygun Colak Kerem 2020 12 25 Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Ogretim Programi nda Yer Alan Degerler Kapsaminda Yenisey Yazitlarinin Incelenmesi Degerler Egitimi Dergisi in Turkish 18 40 77 113 doi 10 34234 ded 698299 ISSN 1303 880X S2CID 229661058 Further reading edithttps www onturk net yenisey yazitlari Yenisei inscriptions Archived 2013 01 28 at the Wayback Machine Yenisey Yazitlari toplu halde Archived 2016 10 13 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yenisei Inscriptions amp oldid 1186182880, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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