This article is about the 14th-15th century German rabbi. For individuals with similar names, see Mahari.
Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Hebrew: יעקב בן משה מולין) (c. 1365 – September 14, 1427) was a Talmudist and posek (authority on Jewish law) best known for his codification of the customs (minhagim) of the German Jews. He is also known as Maharil (Hebrew: מהריל) - the Hebrewacronym for "Our Teacher, the Rabbi, Yaakov Levi" - as well as Mahari Segal or Mahari Moelin. Maharil's Minhagim was a source of law for Moses Isserles’ component of the Shulkhan Arukh.
Rabbi
Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin
Grave of Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin in Worms, Germany
Maharil was the son and pupil of Moshe Levi Moelin, Rabbi of Mainz, and a pupil of R. Shalom b. Isaac (he) of Wiener Neustadt. At a young age, Moelin was recognized as a budding scholar. In 1387, he succeeded his father as Rabbi of Mainz. He established a yeshiva in Mainz which attracted many students. One of his most noteworthy students was Jacob Weil. Moelin lived through the mass slaughter of Jews in Austria in 1420 and the Hussite Wars in 1421, which brought suffering to the Jews of Bavaria and the Rhine; see History of the Jews in Germany. Maharil played an important role in rebuilding these communities. He died and was buried in Worms.
Moelin composed piyyutim for the synagogue. He was also a notable Hazzan who famously ruled that traditional melodies should not be changed. Some traditional melodies attributed to him were still in use in pre-World War II Mainz. He appears also to have been familiar with the study of astronomy.
Works
Maharil's best known work is Minhagei Maharil, also known as Sefer ha-Maharil or simply the Minhagim. It contains a detailed description of religious observances and rites, at home and in the synagogue, and thus provides an authoritative outline of the minhagim of the German Jews. It also contains sermons and textual comments. It was compiled by Moelin's student, Zalman of St. Goar, and was first published - with various additions - at Sabbioneta, in 1556 and frequently thereafter. It had a great influence on the Jews of Central Europe and was largely responsible for the importance attached to minhag in these communities. This book is frequently quoted in the codes and commentaries - including Moshe Isserles who cites Maharil frequently in the Shulkhan Arukh - and has become a valuable source for later scholars.
Another pupil of Moelin, Eleazer b. Jacob, collected some of Moelin's responsa; these were published in Venice in 1549. Many more of Moelin's responsa remained in manuscript. These were collected and edited by Rabbi Yitzhak Satz, and, published in 1977 under the title SHuT Maharil heChadashot ("New Responsa of Yaakov Molin").
Recently, the German esoteric scholar Georg Dehn has argued that the MaHaRIL was also the author of The Book of Abramelin which he wrote under the pseudonym of Abraham von Worms.[1] However, this is disputed.[2]
Notes
^Georg Dehn, The Book of Abramelin: A New Translation, transl. by Steven Guth, Ibis Publishing, 2006.
^. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
External links and references
Jacob ben Moses Mölln (MaHaRIL), jewishencyclopedia.com
Reb Yaakov HaLevi ben Moshe Moellin (the Maharil), yarzheit.com
August 13, 2023
yaakov, moshe, levi, moelin, this, article, about, 14th, 15th, century, german, rabbi, individuals, with, similar, names, mahari, hebrew, יעקב, בן, משה, מולין, 1365, september, 1427, talmudist, posek, authority, jewish, best, known, codification, customs, minh. This article is about the 14th 15th century German rabbi For individuals with similar names see Mahari Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin Hebrew יעקב בן משה מולין c 1365 September 14 1427 was a Talmudist and posek authority on Jewish law best known for his codification of the customs minhagim of the German Jews He is also known as Maharil Hebrew מהריל the Hebrew acronym for Our Teacher the Rabbi Yaakov Levi as well as Mahari Segal or Mahari Moelin Maharil s Minhagim was a source of law for Moses Isserles component of the Shulkhan Arukh RabbiYaakov ben Moshe Levi MoelinGrave of Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin in Worms GermanyTitleMaharilPersonalBornc 1360MainzDiedSeptember 14 1427ReligionJudaismParentRabbi Moshe Levi MoelinBuriedWorms Contents 1 Biography 2 Works 3 Notes 4 External links and referencesBiography EditMaharil was the son and pupil of Moshe Levi Moelin Rabbi of Mainz and a pupil of R Shalom b Isaac he of Wiener Neustadt At a young age Moelin was recognized as a budding scholar In 1387 he succeeded his father as Rabbi of Mainz He established a yeshiva in Mainz which attracted many students One of his most noteworthy students was Jacob Weil Moelin lived through the mass slaughter of Jews in Austria in 1420 and the Hussite Wars in 1421 which brought suffering to the Jews of Bavaria and the Rhine see History of the Jews in Germany Maharil played an important role in rebuilding these communities He died and was buried in Worms Moelin composed piyyutim for the synagogue He was also a notable Hazzan who famously ruled that traditional melodies should not be changed Some traditional melodies attributed to him were still in use in pre World War II Mainz He appears also to have been familiar with the study of astronomy Works EditMaharil s best known work is Minhagei Maharil also known as Sefer ha Maharil or simply the Minhagim It contains a detailed description of religious observances and rites at home and in the synagogue and thus provides an authoritative outline of the minhagim of the German Jews It also contains sermons and textual comments It was compiled by Moelin s student Zalman of St Goar and was first published with various additions at Sabbioneta in 1556 and frequently thereafter It had a great influence on the Jews of Central Europe and was largely responsible for the importance attached to minhag in these communities This book is frequently quoted in the codes and commentaries including Moshe Isserles who cites Maharil frequently in the Shulkhan Arukh and has become a valuable source for later scholars Another pupil of Moelin Eleazer b Jacob collected some of Moelin s responsa these were published in Venice in 1549 Many more of Moelin s responsa remained in manuscript These were collected and edited by Rabbi Yitzhak Satz and published in 1977 under the title SHuT Maharil heChadashot New Responsa of Yaakov Molin Recently the German esoteric scholar Georg Dehn has argued that the MaHaRIL was also the author of The Book of Abramelin which he wrote under the pseudonym of Abraham von Worms 1 However this is disputed 2 Notes Edit Georg Dehn The Book of Abramelin A New Translation transl by Steven Guth Ibis Publishing 2006 Review The Book of Abramelin Archived from the original on 2010 05 27 Retrieved 2010 05 16 External links and references EditJacob ben Moses Molln MaHaRIL jewishencyclopedia com Reb Yaakov HaLevi ben Moshe Moellin the Maharil yarzheit com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin amp oldid 1166766602, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
