The redtail splitfin or redtail goodeid (Xenotoca eiseni) is a species of goodeid fish from the family Goodeidae and subfamily Goodeinae. Like other members of Goodeinae, the redtail splitfin is native to Mexico and a livebearer. However, the goodeid mating system differs in several ways from the more common livebearing fish from the family Poeciliidae that includes guppies and swordtails. While no goodeid species is a very popular aquarium fish, the redtail splitfin is one of the most popular. Only the male has the red-orange tail for which it is named. Its specific name honours the collector of the type, Gustav Eisen (1847–1940) who was Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco, California.[3]
The redtail splitfin inhabits springs, pools, lakes, creeks and rivers, typically in places with little or no aquatic vegetation. It prefers shallow waters.[5]
Descriptionedit
The redtail splitfin is a deep-bodied fish, and males have a hump behind the head.[6] The hump gets larger as the males get older.[7] Adult males have a red-orange tail and tail-base. The upper part of the body and head are olive-brownish to dusky. A broad, poorly defined bluish-black band runs from the gill cover to the tail, but it virtually disappears on the mid-body region. The throat and belly or yellowish to whitish.[5] Females lack the red-orange and are overall more plainly colored.[8] Females are generally slightly larger than males. Females grow to 7 centimeters (2.8 inches) while males grow to 6 centimeters (2.4 inches) total length.[7][2]
Among goodeids, the distinct red-orange tail and tail-base is unique to the males of the redtail splitfin and its close relatives X. doadrioi and X. lyonsi.[4]
Breedingedit
Male goodeids like the redtail splitfin have a notched anal fin that gives the fish the name "splitfin", instead of the gonopodium of poeciliids.[9] This notched anal fin, or andropodium, is used to transmit sperm to the female. The female nourishes the unborn young via trophotaeniae, which function like an umbilical cord in mammals.[9][10]
Females give birth about every 2 months to 10 to 50 fry.[8] The newborn redtail splitfin fry are relatively large compared to most newborn livebearer fry, at about 15 millimeters (2/3 of an inch) long.[8]
In the wild, both male and female redtail splitfins prefer to mate with fish of similar size. This limits the sexual advantage to males that grow especially large. This minimizes the sexual dimorphism in the size of the fish between males and females.[11]
Aquarium keepingedit
The redtail splitfin is not a very common aquarium fish, but it is one of the most common goodeids to be kept in the aquarium. They are not very demanding in the aquarium,[8] although they prefer hard, alkaline water.[7] They can tolerate a wide range of water temperatures, from 15 to 30 degrees Celsius (59 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit). They accept a wide range of foods, but do require some vegetable matter in their diets.[8][7][6] Although they are generally peaceful, they are known to occasionally nip the fins of fellow aquarium residents.[8][6] This behavior can be reduced by keeping the redtail splitfin in schools.
Referencesedit
^Koeck, M. (2019). "Xenotoca eiseni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T191717A2000040. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T191717A2000040.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ abFroese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "Xenotoca eiseni" in FishBase. June 2021 version.
^Christopher Scharpf; Kenneth J. Lazara (26 April 2019). "Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES: Families PANTANODONTIDAE, CYPRINODONTIDAE, PROFUNDULIDAE, GOODEIDAE, FUNDULIDAE and FLUVIPHYLACIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
^ abcDomínguez-Domínguez, O.; Bernal-Zuñiga, D.M.; Piller, K.R. (2016). "Two new species of the genus Xenotoca Hubbs and Turner, 1939 (Teleostei, Goodeidae) from central-western Mexico". Zootaxa. 4189 (1): 81–98. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4189.1.3. PMID 27988757.
^ ab""Xenotoca" eiseni". Goodeid Working Group. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
^ abcDawes, J. (2001). Complete Encyclopedia of the Freshwater Aquarium. p. 286. ISBN1-55297-544-4.
^. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2008-08-16.
^Bisazza, Angelo (1997). "Sexual selection constrained by internal fertilization in the livebearing fish Xenotoca eiseni". Animal Behaviour. 54 (6): 1347–1355. doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0539. PMID 9521792. S2CID 10170386.
April 15, 2024
redtail, splitfin, redtail, splitfin, redtail, goodeid, xenotoca, eiseni, species, goodeid, fish, from, family, goodeidae, subfamily, goodeinae, like, other, members, goodeinae, redtail, splitfin, native, mexico, livebearer, however, goodeid, mating, system, d. The redtail splitfin or redtail goodeid Xenotoca eiseni is a species of goodeid fish from the family Goodeidae and subfamily Goodeinae Like other members of Goodeinae the redtail splitfin is native to Mexico and a livebearer However the goodeid mating system differs in several ways from the more common livebearing fish from the family Poeciliidae that includes guppies and swordtails While no goodeid species is a very popular aquarium fish the redtail splitfin is one of the most popular Only the male has the red orange tail for which it is named Its specific name honours the collector of the type Gustav Eisen 1847 1940 who was Curator of Marine Invertebrates at the California Academy of Sciences in San Francisco California 3 Redtail splitfinMaleConservation statusEndangered IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder CyprinodontiformesFamily GoodeidaeGenus XenotocaSpecies X eiseniBinomial nameXenotoca eiseni Rutter 1896 Synonyms 2 Characodon eiseni Rutter 1896 Contents 1 Range and habitat 2 Description 3 Breeding 4 Aquarium keeping 5 ReferencesRange and habitat edit nbsp The colorful San Marcos variant was formerly included in X eiseni but in 2016 it was described as a separate species X doadrioi 4 The redtail splitfin comes from west central Mexico in the Grande de Santiago River basin and waters near Compostela Nayarit It might also occur in the uppermost Ameca and Armeria River basins but the taxonomic position of these populations remains unclear Two additional populations one from an endorheic basin in the Etzatlan region and another from the Coahuayana River were formerly included in this species but in 2016 they were described as X doadrioi and X lyonsi respectively 4 The redtail splitfin inhabits springs pools lakes creeks and rivers typically in places with little or no aquatic vegetation It prefers shallow waters 5 Description editThe redtail splitfin is a deep bodied fish and males have a hump behind the head 6 The hump gets larger as the males get older 7 Adult males have a red orange tail and tail base The upper part of the body and head are olive brownish to dusky A broad poorly defined bluish black band runs from the gill cover to the tail but it virtually disappears on the mid body region The throat and belly or yellowish to whitish 5 Females lack the red orange and are overall more plainly colored 8 Females are generally slightly larger than males Females grow to 7 centimeters 2 8 inches while males grow to 6 centimeters 2 4 inches total length 7 2 Among goodeids the distinct red orange tail and tail base is unique to the males of the redtail splitfin and its close relatives X doadrioi and X lyonsi 4 Breeding editMale goodeids like the redtail splitfin have a notched anal fin that gives the fish the name splitfin instead of the gonopodium of poeciliids 9 This notched anal fin or andropodium is used to transmit sperm to the female The female nourishes the unborn young via trophotaeniae which function like an umbilical cord in mammals 9 10 Females give birth about every 2 months to 10 to 50 fry 8 The newborn redtail splitfin fry are relatively large compared to most newborn livebearer fry at about 15 millimeters 2 3 of an inch long 8 In the wild both male and female redtail splitfins prefer to mate with fish of similar size This limits the sexual advantage to males that grow especially large This minimizes the sexual dimorphism in the size of the fish between males and females 11 Aquarium keeping editThe redtail splitfin is not a very common aquarium fish but it is one of the most common goodeids to be kept in the aquarium They are not very demanding in the aquarium 8 although they prefer hard alkaline water 7 They can tolerate a wide range of water temperatures from 15 to 30 degrees Celsius 59 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit They accept a wide range of foods but do require some vegetable matter in their diets 8 7 6 Although they are generally peaceful they are known to occasionally nip the fins of fellow aquarium residents 8 6 This behavior can be reduced by keeping the redtail splitfin in schools References edit Koeck M 2019 Xenotoca eiseni IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019 e T191717A2000040 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2019 2 RLTS T191717A2000040 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2021 Xenotoca eiseni in FishBase June 2021 version Christopher Scharpf Kenneth J Lazara 26 April 2019 Order CYPRINODONTIFORMES Families PANTANODONTIDAE CYPRINODONTIDAE PROFUNDULIDAE GOODEIDAE FUNDULIDAE and FLUVIPHYLACIDAE The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J Lazara Retrieved 22 September 2019 a b c Dominguez Dominguez O Bernal Zuniga D M Piller K R 2016 Two new species of the genus Xenotoca Hubbs and Turner 1939 Teleostei Goodeidae from central western Mexico Zootaxa 4189 1 81 98 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 4189 1 3 PMID 27988757 a b Xenotoca eiseni Goodeid Working Group Retrieved 24 September 2018 a b c Dawes J 2001 Complete Encyclopedia of the Freshwater Aquarium p 286 ISBN 1 55297 544 4 a b c d Dawes J 1995 Livebearing Fishes pp 219 221 ISBN 0 7137 2592 3 a b c d e f Baensch H 1993 Baensch Aquarium Atlas Volume 2 pp 712 713 ISBN 1 56465 114 2 a b Dawes J 1995 Livebearing Fishes pp 42 44 ISBN 0 7137 2592 3 Zipcode Zoo Xenotoca eiseni Archived from the original on 2012 03 14 Retrieved 2008 08 16 Bisazza Angelo 1997 Sexual selection constrained by internal fertilization in the livebearing fish Xenotoca eiseni Animal Behaviour 54 6 1347 1355 doi 10 1006 anbe 1997 0539 PMID 9521792 S2CID 10170386 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Redtail splitfin amp oldid 1101616540, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
