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Wouter Crabeth II

April 12, 2024

Wouter Pietersz. Crabeth II (1594 – c. 18 June 1644) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

Wouter Crabeth II
Wouter Crabeth, the Almanac
Born1594
Gouda
Died18 June 1644
Gouda
NationalityDutch
Known forPainting
Patron(s)Cornelis Ketel l’Ancien

Biography edit

Wouter Crabeth was born in Gouda in 1594, the son of the writer and politician Pieter Woutersz. Crabeth. He was named after his grandfather Wouter Crabeth I, who was a celebrated master glassmaker. Crabeth took an apprenticeship under Cornelis Ketel, who was a well known portrait painter in Amsterdam. It is possible that Crabeth was also a student of Abraham Bloemaert in Utrecht.

In 1613, Crabeth made his Grand Tour. Such a tour, ending in Florence and Rome, was considered a necessary rite of passage for completing a Flemish artist's classical education, ever since Karel van Mander's Schilderboeck was published in 1604. He was in Paris in 1615 and in Aix-en-Provence the following year. Then he travelled to Italy, where he studied the local masterpieces and worked at the various painting schools and workshops. In 1619, while in Rome, he became a member of the Bentvueghels, with other painters such as Cornelius van Poelenburgh, Bartholomeus Breenbergh, Wybrand de Geest and Leonard Bramer. They gave him the nickname "De Almanack" (The Almanac). Crabeth is represented in an anonymous drawing (see sidebar in top-right) drawn in 1620 and saved in the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam. Crabeth was then known as Wouter van der Gou (i.e. Wouter of Gouda); he was often seen together with other members of the Bentvueghels.

In 1626, he returned to Gouda as a schutter (soldier). In 1628, he married the mayor's daughter, Adriana Gerritsdr Vroesen. The same year, at the time that his own father became mayor, he was named captain of the Schutterij,[a] a function which he continued until his death in 1644. In this role, in 1629, he took part in the Siege of 's-Hertogenbosch.

Before that, he received an order from curate Petrus Purmerent for two altarpieces for the Catholic Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste (later the Old Catholic Church) and Catharinagasthuis, a religious community. These two paintings are currently held in the nl:Museum Gouda (nl:Museum Het Catharina Gasthuis) in Gouda and the Rijksmuseum of Amsterdam. The two works – The Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Ten-Hemelopneming van Maria) and Doubting Thomas (Ongelovige Thomas) – show a strong Italian influence, and are stylistically close to Caravaggio. In 1631 and 1641, Crabeth painted another two altarpieces for the Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste, which are also at the Museum Gouda.

As well as altarpieces, Crabeth often painted card players and shepherds, which are very close in spirit to the works of Caravaggio. These tableaux were mostly painted after his return to Gouda. Only a small number of these works remain.

Wouter Crabeth was succeeded by his students Jan Ariens Duif, Dirk de Vrije, Jan Govertsz Verbijl, Jan Verzijl and Aert Van Waes. Crabeth was the most important Dutch Golden Age artist in the town of Gouda.

Description by Ignatius Walvis edit

 
The Assumption of the Virgin Mary, 1628 (nl:Museum Gouda, Gouda)
 
Doubting Thomas, after 1628 (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam)
 
The Conversion of Guillaume d'Aquitaine by Bernard de Clairvaux, 1641 (Museum Gouda)
 
Harmanus Herberts and his officers, 1642 (Museum Gouda)

The historian Walvis, of Gouda, wrote in 1713:

One of the main disciples of Ketel, Wouter Crabeth, grandson of the illustrator and glass painter Wouter Pietersz Crabet. This Wouter visited France, Italy, and all the painting schools of Rome, after which, a voyage of 13 years, he returned to Gouda where, in 1628, he married Adriana Vroesen. His most important works are the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, on the altar of the priory of I.W. [= Ignatius Walvis]. His last great work of portraiture, the Council of War of Gouda which was then in office, represented by its large size, is hung in the hall of Saint Joris Doelen.

—Ignatius Walvis[1]

Partial list of works edit

  • The Adoration of the Magi (Aanbidding der Koningen), 1631 (Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda).
  • Amusement of the shepherds (Herdersvermaak) (Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Anvers).
  • The Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Ten-Hemelopneming van Maria), 1628 (Museum het Catharina Gasthuis, Gouda).
    • The Assumption of the Virgin Mary was conceived in 1628 by Crabeth as an altar, which was commissioned by the priest Petrus Purmerent for schuilkerk. Forgotten for more than three centuries, it was rediscovered in 1970 – in the attic of the rectory – by the then director of the Catharina Gasthuis in Gouda, Dr. Jan Schouten. The work is now exhibited in the new museum.[2]
  • The Drinkers (attributed; place of conservation unknown, sold on 11 March 1999 by Marc-Arthur Kohn of Paris).
  • Company of musicians.[b] (Szépmüvézeti Muzeum, Budapest).
  • The Conversion of Guillaume d’Aquitaine by Bernard de Clairvaux (Bernardus van Clairvaux bekeert Willem van Aquitanië, 1641 (Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda).
  • Couple playing the flute (Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Anvers).
  • The dying warrior (Stervende krijgsman) (private collection).
  • The card players (Muzeum Narodowe, Warsaw).
  • The card players (place of conservation unknown, sold at auction 17 January 1992 by Sotheby's in New York).
  • Harmanus Herberts and his officials, 1642 (Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda).
  • La Mise au tombeau, probably destroyed in 1945 (last seen in the Kaiser-Friedrich-Museum, in Berlin).
  • Les Noces de Cana (De Bruiloft te Kana), painted 1640 (Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda).
  • Doubting Thomas (Ongelovige Thomas), around 1628 (Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam – loaned to the Museum Gouda).
  • Les Tricheurs (Gemäldegalerie, Berlin).

Notes edit

  1. ^ The Schutterij was a military composed of volunteers which existed in the Middle Ages in the Netherlands until the start of the modern age, and had a role in protecting towns.
  2. ^ Original title unknown.

References edit

  1. ^ «Een der voornaamste discipelen van Ketel, Wouter Crabeth, kleinzoon van den vermaarden Glasschilder Wouter Pietersz Crabet. Deze Wouter bezocht Vrankrijk, Italien, en de algemeene Schilderschoole Rome, van waar hij na eene dertienjarige reis na der Goude keerde, daar hij in 't jaar 1628 huwelijkte met Adriana Vroesen. – Onder sijne deftigste werken zijn een Maria Hemelvaart, het Altaar-stuk in de bidplaatse van I.W. En sijn laatste groot stuk in conterfeitzels de toenmaals bedienenden krijgsraad van der Goude, levensgrootte verbeeldende, 'tgeen op de zaal van St. Joris Doelen hangd.»
  2. ^ D’après Xander Van Eck, Kunst, twist en devotie, cfr. Bibliographie.

Sources edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wouter Pietersz. Crabeth (II).
  • (in Dutch) J. Schouten, Wie waren zij ? Een reeks van Goudse mannen en vrouwen die men niet mag vergeten, Repro-Holland, Alphen aan den Rijn, 1980.
  • (in Dutch) Xander Van Eck, Kunst, twist en devotie, Eburon, Delft, 1994 ISBN 90-5166-408-7
  • (in Dutch) De Gilden in Gouda, Museum Het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda - Waanders Zwolle, Gouda, 1996,ISBN 90-400-9924-3
  • (in Dutch) I. Walvis, Beschrijving der stad Gouda door I.W., 2 dln., Gouda, 1713, éd. fac-similée 1972
  • (in Dutch) Rudie Van Leeuwen, « Portretten op een contrareformatorisch altaarstuk : Wouter Pietersz. Crabeths Ten Hemelopneming van Maria uit 1628 », in Desipientia : Zin & Waan, année 14, nr. 2 (nov. 2007), p. 44-45.
  • (in English) Benedict Nicolson, Burlington Magazine, Caravaggism in Europe, 1989.

April 12, 2024
wouter, crabeth, wouter, pietersz, crabeth, 1594, june, 1644, dutch, golden, painter, wouter, crabeth, almanacborn1594goudadied18, june, 1644goudanationalitydutchknown, forpaintingpatron, cornelis, ketel, ancien, contents, biography, description, ignatius, wal. Wouter Pietersz Crabeth II 1594 c 18 June 1644 was a Dutch Golden Age painter Wouter Crabeth IIWouter Crabeth the AlmanacBorn1594GoudaDied18 June 1644GoudaNationalityDutchKnown forPaintingPatron s Cornelis Ketel l Ancien Contents 1 Biography 2 Description by Ignatius Walvis 3 Partial list of works 4 Notes 5 References 6 SourcesBiography editWouter Crabeth was born in Gouda in 1594 the son of the writer and politician Pieter Woutersz Crabeth He was named after his grandfather Wouter Crabeth I who was a celebrated master glassmaker Crabeth took an apprenticeship under Cornelis Ketel who was a well known portrait painter in Amsterdam It is possible that Crabeth was also a student of Abraham Bloemaert in Utrecht In 1613 Crabeth made his Grand Tour Such a tour ending in Florence and Rome was considered a necessary rite of passage for completing a Flemish artist s classical education ever since Karel van Mander s Schilderboeck was published in 1604 He was in Paris in 1615 and in Aix en Provence the following year Then he travelled to Italy where he studied the local masterpieces and worked at the various painting schools and workshops In 1619 while in Rome he became a member of the Bentvueghels with other painters such as Cornelius van Poelenburgh Bartholomeus Breenbergh Wybrand de Geest and Leonard Bramer They gave him the nickname De Almanack The Almanac Crabeth is represented in an anonymous drawing see sidebar in top right drawn in 1620 and saved in the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam Crabeth was then known as Wouter van der Gou i e Wouter of Gouda he was often seen together with other members of the Bentvueghels In 1626 he returned to Gouda as a schutter soldier In 1628 he married the mayor s daughter Adriana Gerritsdr Vroesen The same year at the time that his own father became mayor he was named captain of the Schutterij a a function which he continued until his death in 1644 In this role in 1629 he took part in the Siege of s Hertogenbosch Before that he received an order from curate Petrus Purmerent for two altarpieces for the Catholic Church of Saint Jean Baptiste later the Old Catholic Church and Catharinagasthuis a religious community These two paintings are currently held in the nl Museum Gouda nl Museum Het Catharina Gasthuis in Gouda and the Rijksmuseum of Amsterdam The two works The Assumption of the Virgin Mary Ten Hemelopneming van Maria and Doubting Thomas Ongelovige Thomas show a strong Italian influence and are stylistically close to Caravaggio In 1631 and 1641 Crabeth painted another two altarpieces for the Church of Saint Jean Baptiste which are also at the Museum Gouda As well as altarpieces Crabeth often painted card players and shepherds which are very close in spirit to the works of Caravaggio These tableaux were mostly painted after his return to Gouda Only a small number of these works remain Wouter Crabeth was succeeded by his students Jan Ariens Duif Dirk de Vrije Jan Govertsz Verbijl Jan Verzijl and Aert Van Waes Crabeth was the most important Dutch Golden Age artist in the town of Gouda Description by Ignatius Walvis edit nbsp The Assumption of the Virgin Mary 1628 nl Museum Gouda Gouda nbsp Doubting Thomas after 1628 Rijksmuseum Amsterdam nbsp The Conversion of Guillaume d Aquitaine by Bernard de Clairvaux 1641 Museum Gouda nbsp Harmanus Herberts and his officers 1642 Museum Gouda The historian Walvis of Gouda wrote in 1713 One of the main disciples of Ketel Wouter Crabeth grandson of the illustrator and glass painter Wouter Pietersz Crabet This Wouter visited France Italy and all the painting schools of Rome after which a voyage of 13 years he returned to Gouda where in 1628 he married Adriana Vroesen His most important works are the Assumption of the Virgin Mary on the altar of the priory of I W Ignatius Walvis His last great work of portraiture the Council of War of Gouda which was then in office represented by its large size is hung in the hall of Saint Joris Doelen Ignatius Walvis 1 Partial list of works editThe Adoration of the Magi Aanbidding der Koningen 1631 Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda Amusement of the shepherds Herdersvermaak Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten Anvers The Assumption of the Virgin Mary Ten Hemelopneming van Maria 1628 Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda The Assumption of the Virgin Mary was conceived in 1628 by Crabeth as an altar which was commissioned by the priest Petrus Purmerent for schuilkerk Forgotten for more than three centuries it was rediscovered in 1970 in the attic of the rectory by the then director of the Catharina Gasthuis in Gouda Dr Jan Schouten The work is now exhibited in the new museum 2 The Drinkers attributed place of conservation unknown sold on 11 March 1999 by Marc Arthur Kohn of Paris Company of musicians b Szepmuvezeti Muzeum Budapest The Conversion of Guillaume d Aquitaine by Bernard de Clairvaux Bernardus van Clairvaux bekeert Willem van Aquitanie 1641 Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda Couple playing the flute Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten Anvers The dying warrior Stervende krijgsman private collection The card players Muzeum Narodowe Warsaw The card players place of conservation unknown sold at auction 17 January 1992 by Sotheby s in New York Harmanus Herberts and his officials 1642 Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda La Mise au tombeau probably destroyed in 1945 last seen in the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin Les Noces de Cana De Bruiloft te Kana painted 1640 Museum het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda Doubting Thomas Ongelovige Thomas around 1628 Rijksmuseum Amsterdam loaned to the Museum Gouda Les Tricheurs Gemaldegalerie Berlin Notes edit The Schutterij was a military composed of volunteers which existed in the Middle Ages in the Netherlands until the start of the modern age and had a role in protecting towns Original title unknown References edit Een der voornaamste discipelen van Ketel Wouter Crabeth kleinzoon van den vermaarden Glasschilder Wouter Pietersz Crabet Deze Wouter bezocht Vrankrijk Italien en de algemeene Schilderschoole Rome van waar hij na eene dertienjarige reis na der Goude keerde daar hij in t jaar 1628 huwelijkte met Adriana Vroesen Onder sijne deftigste werken zijn een Maria Hemelvaart het Altaar stuk in de bidplaatse van I W En sijn laatste groot stuk in conterfeitzels de toenmaals bedienenden krijgsraad van der Goude levensgrootte verbeeldende tgeen op de zaal van St Joris Doelen hangd D apres Xander Van Eck Kunst twist en devotie cfr Bibliographie Sources edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wouter Pietersz Crabeth II nbsp Visual arts portal in Dutch J Schouten Wie waren zij Een reeks van Goudse mannen en vrouwen die men niet mag vergeten Repro Holland Alphen aan den Rijn 1980 in Dutch Xander Van Eck Kunst twist en devotie Eburon Delft 1994 ISBN 90 5166 408 7 in Dutch De Gilden in Gouda Museum Het Catharina Gasthuis Gouda Waanders Zwolle Gouda 1996 ISBN 90 400 9924 3 in Dutch I Walvis Beschrijving der stad Gouda door I W 2 dln Gouda 1713 ed fac similee 1972 in Dutch Rudie Van Leeuwen Portretten op een contrareformatorisch altaarstuk Wouter Pietersz Crabeths Ten Hemelopneming van Maria uit 1628 in Desipientia Zin amp Waan annee 14 nr 2 nov 2007 p 44 45 in English Benedict Nicolson Burlington Magazine Caravaggism in Europe 1989 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wouter Crabeth II amp oldid 1202243613, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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