Woodward's Gardens
Woodward's Gardens, commonly referred to as The Gardens, was a combination amusement park, museum, art gallery, zoo, and aquarium operating from 1866 to 1891 in the Mission District of San Francisco, California.[1][2] The Gardens covered two city blocks, bounded by Mission, Valencia, 13th, and 15th Streets in San Francisco.[3] The site currently has a brick building at 1700 Mission Street, built after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, which features a California Historical Site plaque, and the Crafty Fox Alehouse on the ground floor (formerly a restaurant named Woodward's Garden).[4] The former Gardens site also features the current location of the San Francisco Armory, completed in 1914.
| Previously known as The Gardens | |
Woodward's Gardens (circa 1880s), showing Gus Buisley's balloon ascending | |
| Location | San Francisco, California, United States |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 37°46′05″N 122°25′16″W / 37.768°N 122.421°W |
| Status | Defunct |
| Opened | May 1, 1866 |
| Closed | 1891 |
| Owner | Robert B. Woodward |
History edit
Woodward's Gardens was owned and operated by Robert B. Woodward (1824–1879), who became wealthy during the Gold Rush of 1849 and through his ownership of the What Cheer House, a hotel and inn at 527-531 Sacramento Street at Leidesdorff Alley in San Francisco.[5][6] Woodward opened the Gardens on the site of his four-acre estate after moving to Napa, California with his wife and four children. Early in his career, photographer Eadweard Muybridge took many photographs of the Gardens.[7] Woodward had bought the property from U.S. Senator John C. Fremont.[8] Woodward's Gardens opened on May 1, 1866.[2]
In 1871, there was a series of "haunted windows" in San Francisco that made the news and were collected by Woodward and displayed in the museum.[1] The first "haunted window" was reported on 2119 Mason Street in San Francisco, which brought crowds of spectators.[1] An unexplained sad male face with baggy eyes was appearing for more than five days in the window, and rumors spread that it was the ghost of the home owners deceased husband.[1] Days later, nearby on 708 Lombard Street, another house had an older male ghost in profile in the window, which also drew a crowd of onlookers.[1]
In 1877, Miriam Leslie described Woodward's Gardens as "open to the public, who, for twenty-five cents each soul, may spend the day in rambling among shady groves, verdant lawns, flowery bosquets, lakes, streams and waterfalls, conservatories, ferneries, using the swings, the trapezes, the merry-go-rounds at will".[9]
In 1885, two balloonists participated in a race from Woodward's Gardens that ended in the East Bay - Alvarado and Mt. Eden. The Daily Alta California reported on the "Lively Ending to the Airship Race of Sunday".[10]
In November 1889, Woodward's Gardens housed Monarch, a bear that later was memorialized on the Flag of California.[11] Monarch was one of the last known wild grizzly bears captured in California and more than 20,000 people attended the opening day on November 10, 1889.[12]
The venue attracted up to 10,000 people on major holidays such as May Day.
Closure and legacy edit
The facility lost popularity after Woodward's death in 1879 and closed in 1891. When the Woodward family auctioned the 75,000 objects in the collection in 1894, much of it was purchased by San Francisco philanthropist and politician Adolph Sutro.[1] Sutro displayed some of the Woodward's Gardens collection at his Cliff House beginning in 1896 and at his Sutro Baths in the early part of the 20th century.[8]
San Francisciana Photographs of Woodward's Gardens, a 2012 book by Marilyn Blaisdell, includes 100 photos of the site.[8]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f Alexandra, Rae (August 10, 2020). "For One Week in 1871, San Francisco Went Loopy Over 'Haunted' Windows". KQED. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
The same day the Chronicle's first report came out, the window was purchased for $250 by Robert B. Woodward, the owner of Woodward's Gardens. 'The Gardens,' as it was commonly referred to at the time, was a popular amusement park that was open between 1866 and 1891. It occupied the block bounded by Mission, Duboce, Valencia and 14th Streets, and it squeezed a lot into that space—including a museum, art gallery, zoo, aquarium, botanical gardens and—as of 1871—a haunted window section.
- ^ a b Bragman, Bob (June 23, 2019). "The Mission District once housed a circus-like amusement park. Take a look inside". SFGATE. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ Turrill, Charles Beebe (1876). "Woodward's Gardens". California Notes. San Francisco, CA: E. Bosqui & Co. Retrieved June 17, 2019 – via Museum of the City of San Francisco.
- ^ Bevk, Alex (April 23, 2012). "Hidden Histories: Woodward's Gardens". Curbed SF. Retrieved June 17, 2019.
- ^ McKenney, F. L. (November 9, 1913). "Early Resorts: Where the "Old Town" Frolicked". San Francisco Chronicle. p. 25. Retrieved June 17, 2019 – via SFgenealogy.
- ^ Kamiya, Gary (December 19, 2015). "City's top 'pleasure garden' created by hotelier who banned women". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "Woodward's Garden History". San Francisco Memories. Retrieved January 20, 2022.
- ^ a b c Hartlaub, Peter (October 29, 2012). "Woodward's Gardens comes to life in book". SFGATE. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ Leslie, Mrs Frank (1877). . New York: G. W. Carleton & Co. Archived from the original on April 2, 2016. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
- ^ "Balloonatics. Lively Ending to the Airship Race of Sunday". The Daily Alta California. Vol. 39, no. 12, 975. September 22, 1885. p. 1. Retrieved November 21, 2021 – via California Digital Newspaper Collection.
- ^ Herrick, Lisa Lee (September 18, 2020). "The Sad Story of the Bear on California's State Flag". The Bold Italic. Medium. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
- ^ "The Monarch Bear". The Monarch Bear Institute. Retrieved November 4, 2013.
External links edit
- Woodward's Gardens at NoeHill website, including photo of State of California historic plaque at site, marking the site as California Landmark 454
- Photo of Woodward's Garden (c. 1860) and History at FoundSF
- Alex Bevk, "Woodward's Gardens: Hidden Histories", Curbed SF (April 23, 2012)
- Woodward's Gardens entry at Waymarking
- Woodward's Gardens at San Francisco Memories
- Essay "Woodward's Gardens" from California Notes (1876) by Charles Beebe Turrill at SF Museum
- Photos at the SF Main Library Historic Photo Collection
- Finding aid for Woodward Gardens collection located at the Sutro Library, San Francisco, CA.