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William Sanday (RAF officer)

January 01, 1970

Lieutenant-Colonel William Douglas Stock Sanday, DSO, MC (born 1883) was a British World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.[1]

William Douglas Stock Sanday
Born(1883-05-28)28 May 1883
Woolton, Liverpool, Lancashire, England
DiedUnknown
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Service/branchBritish Army
Royal Air Force
Years of service1915–1919
RankLieutenant-Colonel
UnitNo. 2 Squadron RFC
No. 70 Squadron RFC
Commands heldNo. 19 Squadron RFC
AwardsDistinguished Service Order
Military Cross
Spouse(s)
Mary Brodrick
​
(m. 1905)​
RelationsWilliam Sanday (uncle)
Other workPartner in Sanday & Co.

Early life and family background edit

Sanday was born in Woolton, Lancashire, the third and youngest son of Samuel Sanday, a corn merchant, and his first wife Annie Gertrude (née Stock).[2] His uncle was the theologian the Reverend William Sanday (1843–1920), who was the Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Christ Church, Oxford.

On 26 February 1902 Sanday was commissioned as a second lieutenant in The Duke of Edinburgh's Own Edinburgh Royal Garrison Artillery, a unit of the Militia.[3] He was promoted to lieutenant on 7 February 1903,[4] but resigned his commission a year later, on 2 February 1904.[5] In 1905 he married Mary Brodrick.[2]

World War I edit

Following the outbreak of the First World War Sanday learned to fly, being granted Royal Aero Club Aviators' Certificate No. 1295 on 2 June 1915 after soloing a Maurice Farman biplane at the Military School at Brooklands.[6] He was commissioned as a second lieutenant on probation in the Royal Flying Corps the same day[7] at the relatively advanced age of 32, and following further training was confirmed in his rank,[8] and then appointed a flying officer on 7 August.[9]

He was then posted to No. 2 Squadron to fly the B.E.2c two-seater.[10] He gained his first aerial victory on 11 October when, in conjunction with two other aircraft, he and his observer Second Lieutenant Ellison, forced down a German Albatros two-seater at Noyelles-lès-Vermelles and captured the crew.[1][11]

On 8 December he was appointed a flight commander with the acting rank of captain,[12] and following an artillery spotting mission on 1 January 1916 was awarded the Military Cross. His citation read:

Second Lieutenant (Temporary Captain) William Douglas Stock Sanday, Royal Flying Corps, Special Reserve.
"For conspicuous gallantry and skill near Hulluch on 1 January 1916. He went out in a very high wind to observe the fire of a battery, and, owing to the clouds, was forced to fly at a height of between 800–900 feet (240–270 m). Although continually subjected to very heavy rifle fire from the German trenches, he enabled our battery to obtain several direct hits."[13]

He was promoted to lieutenant on 7 January 1916, backdated to 1 December 1915,[14] but was badly injured in a crash two days later on 9 January,[1] finally returning to duty later in the year to serve as a flight commander in No. 70 Squadron, flying a Sopwith 1½ Strutter two-seater.

During July 1916 No. 70 Squadron carried out long-distance reconnaissance missions, and also acted as escort to the Martinsyde G.100 bombers of No. 27 Squadron, with which they shared the airfield at Fienvillers.[15] Sanday was promoted to captain on 1 August,[16] and on the evening on 6 August, he led a patrol which encountered a formation of ten German bomber aircraft near Bapaume. The British attacked, and fought the Germans all the way back to their own aerodrome, compelling them to land with their bombs still loaded.[15] Sanday also shared in the forcing down of two Albatros Type C reconnaissance aircraft at Gouzeaucourt the same evening.[1][11] A month later, on 6 September, Sanday was leading three aircraft in a reconnaissance of Cambrai and Busigny when they were attacked by enemy aircraft from Kampfstaffel 1. Sanday and Lieutenant Bernard Beanlands shared in the destruction of one aircraft, a Roland C.II over Élincourt, killing the pilot Wilhelm Fahlbusch and observer Hans Rosencrantz,[1][11] and the others were driven off.[15]

On 20 October 1916 Sanday was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in recognition of his service with No. 70 Squadron.[10] His citation read:

Captain William Douglas Stock Sanday, MC.
"For conspicuous gallantry and skill. He has led over 35 patrols with great gallantry. On one occasion a machine of his formation was attacked, but he charged and brought down the enemy machine in flames. He has destroyed at least four enemy machines."[17]

The next day, 21 October, Sanday was appointed a squadron commander with the acting rank of major,[18] and following the death in action of Major D. H. Harvey-Kelly, Officer Commanding No. 19 Squadron, on 29 April 1917, Sanday was appointed to command.[11] Flying a Spad VII single-seat fighter, he gained his fifth and final victory on 13 July, destroying a German reconnaissance aircraft over Lille.[1][11] He finally left No. 19 Squadron on 19 March 1918,[19] and on 21 March was appointed a wing commander with the acting rank of lieutenant colonel.[20]

He was again appointed an acting-lieutenant colonel when appointed an air attaché and posted to the British Embassy at Madrid on 2 May 1919.[21][22] On 1 August Sanday was granted a permanent commission in the RAF with the rank of major,[23] but this was cancelled on 23 September,[24] and he relinquished his commission owing to "ill-health contracted on active service" on 30 December 1919, but was granted the rank of lieutenant colonel.[25]

Post-war career edit

Sanday then joined his father and brothers as partners in the family firm of Sanday and Company, which his father had founded in the 1880s. During World War I it had become the largest grain export company operating in the United States, and served as the purchasing agent for the British government.[26] By the end of 1923, when the partnership was dissolved, it had offices in London, Liverpool and Hull in England, Antwerp in Belgium, Karachi and Bombay in India, Buenos Aires and Rosario in Argentina, and New York, USA.[27]

Soon afterwards, in February 1924, Sanday, then resident in Sloane Street, London, was declared bankrupt.[28][29]

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ a b c d e f "William Douglas Stock Sanday". The Aerodrome. 2016.
  2. ^ a b Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles (1905). Armorial Families : A Directory of Gentlemen of Coat-armour. Vol. 2. Edinburgh: T.C. & E.C. Jack.
  3. ^ "No. 27410". The London Gazette. 25 February 1902. p. 1203.
  4. ^ "No. 27522". The London Gazette. 6 February 1903. p. 755.
  5. ^ "No. 27641". The London Gazette. 2 February 1904. p. 700.
  6. ^ "Aviators' Certificates". Flight. VII (337): 414. 11 June 1915.
  7. ^ "No. 29194". The London Gazette (Supplement). 15 June 1915. p. 5843.
  8. ^ "No. 29265". The London Gazette (Supplement). 13 August 1915. p. 8144.
  9. ^ "No. 29266". The London Gazette. 17 August 1915. p. 8163.
  10. ^ a b "Major William Douglas Stock Sanday". II (AC) Squadron Association. 2016.
  11. ^ a b c d e Shores, Franks & Guest (1990), p. 329.
  12. ^ "No. 29420". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 December 1915. p. 13007.
  13. ^ "No. 29447". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 January 1916. p. 950.
  14. ^ "No. 29431". The London Gazette. 7 January 1916. p. 346.
  15. ^ a b c Bruce, J. M. (5 October 1956). . Flight. Vol. 70, no. 2489. p. 587. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
  16. ^ "No. 29727". The London Gazette. 29 August 1916. p. 8504.
  17. ^ "No. 29793". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 October 1916. p. 10172.
  18. ^ "No. 29922". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 January 1917. p. 1028.
  19. ^ Barrass, M. B. (2016). "Squadron Commanding Officers: No.'s 1–20 Squadrons". Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation.
  20. ^ "No. 30657". The London Gazette (Supplement). 26 April 1918. p. 5136.
  21. ^ "No. 31332". The London Gazette. 9 May 1919. p. 5800.
  22. ^ "No. 31467". The London Gazette. 22 July 1919. p. 9253.
  23. ^ "No. 31486". The London Gazette. 1 August 1919. p. 9865.
  24. ^ "No. 31564". The London Gazette (Supplement). 23 September 1919. p. 11800.
  25. ^ "No. 31720". The London Gazette. 6 January 1920. p. 202.
  26. ^ Rothstein, Morton (1983). "Multinationals in the Grain Trade, 1850–1914" (PDF). Business and Economic History. 12. Cambridge University Press: 90.
  27. ^ "No. 32894". The London Gazette. 1 January 1924. p. 112.
  28. ^ "No. 32900". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 January 1924. p. 741.
  29. ^ "No. 32912". The London Gazette. 26 February 1924. p. 1795.
Bibliography
  • Shores, Christopher F.; Franks, Norman & Guest, Russell F. (1990). Above the Trenches: a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920. London, UK: Grub Street. ISBN 978-0-948817-19-9.

January 01, 1970
william, sanday, officer, lieutenant, colonel, william, douglas, stock, sanday, born, 1883, british, world, flying, credited, with, five, aerial, victories, william, douglas, stock, sandayborn, 1883, 1883woolton, liverpool, lancashire, englanddiedunknownallegi. Lieutenant Colonel William Douglas Stock Sanday DSO MC born 1883 was a British World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories 1 William Douglas Stock SandayBorn 1883 05 28 28 May 1883Woolton Liverpool Lancashire EnglandDiedUnknownAllegianceUnited KingdomService wbr branchBritish ArmyRoyal Air ForceYears of service1915 1919RankLieutenant ColonelUnitNo 2 Squadron RFCNo 70 Squadron RFCCommands heldNo 19 Squadron RFCAwardsDistinguished Service OrderMilitary CrossSpouse s Mary Brodrick m 1905 wbr RelationsWilliam Sanday uncle Other workPartner in Sanday amp Co Contents 1 Early life and family background 2 World War I 3 Post war career 4 ReferencesEarly life and family background editSanday was born in Woolton Lancashire the third and youngest son of Samuel Sanday a corn merchant and his first wife Annie Gertrude nee Stock 2 His uncle was the theologian the Reverend William Sanday 1843 1920 who was the Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Christ Church Oxford On 26 February 1902 Sanday was commissioned as a second lieutenant in The Duke of Edinburgh s Own Edinburgh Royal Garrison Artillery a unit of the Militia 3 He was promoted to lieutenant on 7 February 1903 4 but resigned his commission a year later on 2 February 1904 5 In 1905 he married Mary Brodrick 2 World War I editFollowing the outbreak of the First World War Sanday learned to fly being granted Royal Aero Club Aviators Certificate No 1295 on 2 June 1915 after soloing a Maurice Farman biplane at the Military School at Brooklands 6 He was commissioned as a second lieutenant on probation in the Royal Flying Corps the same day 7 at the relatively advanced age of 32 and following further training was confirmed in his rank 8 and then appointed a flying officer on 7 August 9 He was then posted to No 2 Squadron to fly the B E 2c two seater 10 He gained his first aerial victory on 11 October when in conjunction with two other aircraft he and his observer Second Lieutenant Ellison forced down a German Albatros two seater at Noyelles les Vermelles and captured the crew 1 11 On 8 December he was appointed a flight commander with the acting rank of captain 12 and following an artillery spotting mission on 1 January 1916 was awarded the Military Cross His citation read Second Lieutenant Temporary Captain William Douglas Stock Sanday Royal Flying Corps Special Reserve For conspicuous gallantry and skill near Hulluch on 1 January 1916 He went out in a very high wind to observe the fire of a battery and owing to the clouds was forced to fly at a height of between 800 900 feet 240 270 m Although continually subjected to very heavy rifle fire from the German trenches he enabled our battery to obtain several direct hits 13 dd He was promoted to lieutenant on 7 January 1916 backdated to 1 December 1915 14 but was badly injured in a crash two days later on 9 January 1 finally returning to duty later in the year to serve as a flight commander in No 70 Squadron flying a Sopwith 1 Strutter two seater During July 1916 No 70 Squadron carried out long distance reconnaissance missions and also acted as escort to the Martinsyde G 100 bombers of No 27 Squadron with which they shared the airfield at Fienvillers 15 Sanday was promoted to captain on 1 August 16 and on the evening on 6 August he led a patrol which encountered a formation of ten German bomber aircraft near Bapaume The British attacked and fought the Germans all the way back to their own aerodrome compelling them to land with their bombs still loaded 15 Sanday also shared in the forcing down of two Albatros Type C reconnaissance aircraft at Gouzeaucourt the same evening 1 11 A month later on 6 September Sanday was leading three aircraft in a reconnaissance of Cambrai and Busigny when they were attacked by enemy aircraft from Kampfstaffel 1 Sanday and Lieutenant Bernard Beanlands shared in the destruction of one aircraft a Roland C II over Elincourt killing the pilot Wilhelm Fahlbusch and observer Hans Rosencrantz 1 11 and the others were driven off 15 On 20 October 1916 Sanday was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in recognition of his service with No 70 Squadron 10 His citation read Captain William Douglas Stock Sanday MC For conspicuous gallantry and skill He has led over 35 patrols with great gallantry On one occasion a machine of his formation was attacked but he charged and brought down the enemy machine in flames He has destroyed at least four enemy machines 17 dd The next day 21 October Sanday was appointed a squadron commander with the acting rank of major 18 and following the death in action of Major D H Harvey Kelly Officer Commanding No 19 Squadron on 29 April 1917 Sanday was appointed to command 11 Flying a Spad VII single seat fighter he gained his fifth and final victory on 13 July destroying a German reconnaissance aircraft over Lille 1 11 He finally left No 19 Squadron on 19 March 1918 19 and on 21 March was appointed a wing commander with the acting rank of lieutenant colonel 20 He was again appointed an acting lieutenant colonel when appointed an air attache and posted to the British Embassy at Madrid on 2 May 1919 21 22 On 1 August Sanday was granted a permanent commission in the RAF with the rank of major 23 but this was cancelled on 23 September 24 and he relinquished his commission owing to ill health contracted on active service on 30 December 1919 but was granted the rank of lieutenant colonel 25 Post war career editSanday then joined his father and brothers as partners in the family firm of Sanday and Company which his father had founded in the 1880s During World War I it had become the largest grain export company operating in the United States and served as the purchasing agent for the British government 26 By the end of 1923 when the partnership was dissolved it had offices in London Liverpool and Hull in England Antwerp in Belgium Karachi and Bombay in India Buenos Aires and Rosario in Argentina and New York USA 27 Soon afterwards in February 1924 Sanday then resident in Sloane Street London was declared bankrupt 28 29 References editNotes a b c d e f William Douglas Stock Sanday The Aerodrome 2016 a b Fox Davies Arthur Charles 1905 Armorial Families A Directory of Gentlemen of Coat armour Vol 2 Edinburgh T C amp E C Jack No 27410 The London Gazette 25 February 1902 p 1203 No 27522 The London Gazette 6 February 1903 p 755 No 27641 The London Gazette 2 February 1904 p 700 Aviators Certificates Flight VII 337 414 11 June 1915 No 29194 The London Gazette Supplement 15 June 1915 p 5843 No 29265 The London Gazette Supplement 13 August 1915 p 8144 No 29266 The London Gazette 17 August 1915 p 8163 a b Major William Douglas Stock Sanday II AC Squadron Association 2016 a b c d e Shores Franks amp Guest 1990 p 329 No 29420 The London Gazette Supplement 28 December 1915 p 13007 No 29447 The London Gazette Supplement 21 January 1916 p 950 No 29431 The London Gazette 7 January 1916 p 346 a b c Bruce J M 5 October 1956 The Sopwith 1 Strutter Flight Vol 70 no 2489 p 587 Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 No 29727 The London Gazette 29 August 1916 p 8504 No 29793 The London Gazette Supplement 20 October 1916 p 10172 No 29922 The London Gazette Supplement 26 January 1917 p 1028 Barrass M B 2016 Squadron Commanding Officers No s 1 20 Squadrons Air of Authority A History of RAF Organisation No 30657 The London Gazette Supplement 26 April 1918 p 5136 No 31332 The London Gazette 9 May 1919 p 5800 No 31467 The London Gazette 22 July 1919 p 9253 No 31486 The London Gazette 1 August 1919 p 9865 No 31564 The London Gazette Supplement 23 September 1919 p 11800 No 31720 The London Gazette 6 January 1920 p 202 Rothstein Morton 1983 Multinationals in the Grain Trade 1850 1914 PDF Business and Economic History 12 Cambridge University Press 90 No 32894 The London Gazette 1 January 1924 p 112 No 32900 The London Gazette Supplement 22 January 1924 p 741 No 32912 The London Gazette 26 February 1924 p 1795 Bibliography Shores Christopher F Franks Norman amp Guest Russell F 1990 Above the Trenches a Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 1920 London UK Grub Street ISBN 978 0 948817 19 9 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Sanday RAF officer amp oldid 1156780903, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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