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William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth

April 08, 2024

William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth (died 1740), and 2nd titular Marquess of Seaforth (in the Jacobite Peerage), also known as Uilleam Dubh, or Black William, was a Scottish peer and head of Clan Mackenzie. Educated in France and brought up as a Roman Catholic, he was attainted for his part in the 1715 Jacobite Rising and also joined the 1719 Rising.

William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth
Earl of Seaforth
Seaforth as a boy
Tenure1701–1716 (Attainted)
PredecessorKenneth Mackenzie, 4th Earl of Seaforth
SuccessorKenneth Mackenzie, Lord Fortrose
BornUnknown
Died8 January 1740
Isle of Lewis
NationalityScottish
Spouse(s)
Mary Kennet
​
(m. 1715)​
IssueKenneth Mackenzie, Lord Fortrose
The Hon. Ronald Mackenzie
The Hon. Nicholas Mackenzie
Lady Frances Mackenzie
ParentsKenneth Mackenzie, 4th Earl of Seaforth
Lady Frances Herbert

He was pardoned in 1726 and allowed to return home, although the title Earl of Seaforth remained forfeit. He died on 8 January 1740 on the Isle of Lewis and was buried in the ancient church of Ui.[1]

Life edit

 
William Mackenzie's wife, Mary Kennet

William Mackenzie was the eldest son of Kenneth Mackenzie, 4th Earl of Seaforth, who converted to Catholicism, allegedly in return for financial assistance from James II. His mother Frances was the second daughter of William Herbert, Marquess of Powis, one of the five Catholic lords falsely accused of conspiring to assassinate Charles II in the Popish Plot.[2]

William's date and place of birth are uncertain. His father went into exile following the 1688 Glorious Revolution and took part in the 1690 Jacobite campaign in Scotland but surrendered to the new government in 1691; he spent most of the next ten years in and out of prison and died in 1701, leaving huge financial debts; his widow sent William and a daughter to France to be educated and brought up as Catholics.[3]

William married Mary Kennett in Kelloe, County Durham, in 1713/14. The Duchess of Seaforth was the daughter and heiress of Nicholas Kennett of Coxhoe, county Durham, and educated in France under Jesuits.[4]

Career edit

Shortly after the accession of George I in 1714, William was ordered to confine himself within Brahan Castle, which belonged to him. He attended the meeting convened by John Erskine, earl of Mar, at Braemar in 1715, when the standard of the Pretender was raised. At the head of over three thousand men, including the Macdonalds, Rosses, and others, he set out in October to join Mar at Perth. John Gordon, earl of Sutherland, endeavoured to bar his passage, but on being attacked retreated to Bonar. Seaforth, after harassing his country and collecting large quantities of booty, continued his march southwards. He was present at the battle of Sheriffmuir.[5]

After the battle, he was nominated by the Chevalier lieutenant-general and commander of the northern counties, and went north to endeavour to recover Inverness, which had been captured for the government by Simon Fraser, lord Lovat. Although joined by Alexander Gordon, marquis of Huntly, he was unable to raise forces sufficient to make way against the Earl of Sutherland, and gave in their submission. Shortly afterwards, Seaforth crossed over to the Isle of Lewis, where he endeavoured to collect a number of his followers; but when a detachment of government troops had been sent against him, he escaped to Ross-shire, whence he set sail for France, reaching St. Germains in February 1716. On 7 May, following he was attainted by parliament and his estates forfeited.[5]

Seaforth accompanied the Earl Marischal in his expedition to the western highlands in 1719. He was severely wounded at the battle of Glenshiel on 10 June, but was carried on board a vessel by his followers, and, escaping to the Western Isles, returned thence to France.[5]

Notwithstanding his forfeiture, his followers, in spite of the vigilance of the government, regularly sent him their rents in his exile. After the passing of the disarming act in 1725 they, however, agreed on his private recommendation to give up their arms, and in future to pay rent to the government on condition that they were discharged of all arrears. To this Wade not only agreed, but also promised to use his influence to secure a pardon for Seaforth. The efforts of Wade on behalf of Seaforth, although strongly opposed by John Campbell, second duke of Argyll, were successful. By letters patent of 12 June 1726, Seaforth was discharged of the penal consequences of his attainder, although the forfeiture was not reversed. From George II he received a grant of the arrears of feu duties due to the crown out of his forfeited estates. Seaforth was led to seek peace with the government, partly on the ground of dissatisfaction with his treatment by the Chevalier. He excused to the Chevalier his acceptance of the terms of the government as a temporary expedient absolutely necessary for the protection of his clan, but the Chevalier was deeply hurt at what he deemed a desertion of his cause. Seaforth died 8 January 1740 in the Isle of Lewis, and was buried there in the chapel of Ui.[5]

Ancestry edit

Through his father, Seaforth was descended from Scottish nobility and the High Stewards of Scotland. Through his mother, he is descended from different branches of the House of Herbert and English nobility and royals. He was a direct descendant via his mother of Edward III of England, via John of Gaunt.

References edit

  1. ^ "Welcome to the Ui Church". Uichurch.co.uk. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  2. ^ Slater, Victor (2007). "Herbert, William, styled first marquess of Powis and Jacobite first duke of Powis". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13060. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ Hopkins, Paul (2014). "Mackenzie, Kenneth, fourth earl of Seaforth and Jacobite first marquess of Seaforth". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17593. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ^ "MACKENZIE, Kenneth (1717-61), of Seaforth. | History of Parliament Online". www.histparl.ac.uk.
  5. ^ a b c d Henderson 1893.

Sources edit

  • Hopkins, Paul (2014). Mackenzie, Kenneth, fourth earl of Seaforth and Jacobite first marquess of Seaforth (Online ed.). Oxford DNB.
  • Slater, Victor (2007). Herbert, William, styled first marquess of Powis and Jacobite first duke of Powis (Online ed.). Oxford DNB.
Attribution

  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1893). "Mackenzie, William (d.1740)". In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 35. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

External links edit

  • Electric Scotland article on the Mackenzies of Seaforth
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by Earl of Seaforth
1701–1716 		Forfeit
Preceded by Chief of Clan Mackenzie
1701–1740 		Succeeded by

April 08, 2024
william, mackenzie, earl, seaforth, died, 1740, titular, marquess, seaforth, jacobite, peerage, also, known, uilleam, dubh, black, william, scottish, peer, head, clan, mackenzie, educated, france, brought, roman, catholic, attainted, part, 1715, jacobite, risi. William Mackenzie 5th Earl of Seaforth died 1740 and 2nd titular Marquess of Seaforth in the Jacobite Peerage also known as Uilleam Dubh or Black William was a Scottish peer and head of Clan Mackenzie Educated in France and brought up as a Roman Catholic he was attainted for his part in the 1715 Jacobite Rising and also joined the 1719 Rising William Mackenzie 5th Earl of SeaforthEarl of SeaforthSeaforth as a boyTenure1701 1716 Attainted PredecessorKenneth Mackenzie 4th Earl of SeaforthSuccessorKenneth Mackenzie Lord FortroseBornUnknownDied8 January 1740Isle of LewisNationalityScottishSpouse s Mary Kennet m 1715 wbr IssueKenneth Mackenzie Lord FortroseThe Hon Ronald MackenzieThe Hon Nicholas MackenzieLady Frances MackenzieParentsKenneth Mackenzie 4th Earl of SeaforthLady Frances HerbertHe was pardoned in 1726 and allowed to return home although the title Earl of Seaforth remained forfeit He died on 8 January 1740 on the Isle of Lewis and was buried in the ancient church of Ui 1 Contents 1 Life 2 Career 3 Ancestry 4 References 5 Sources 6 External linksLife edit nbsp William Mackenzie s wife Mary KennetWilliam Mackenzie was the eldest son of Kenneth Mackenzie 4th Earl of Seaforth who converted to Catholicism allegedly in return for financial assistance from James II His mother Frances was the second daughter of William Herbert Marquess of Powis one of the five Catholic lords falsely accused of conspiring to assassinate Charles II in the Popish Plot 2 William s date and place of birth are uncertain His father went into exile following the 1688 Glorious Revolution and took part in the 1690 Jacobite campaign in Scotland but surrendered to the new government in 1691 he spent most of the next ten years in and out of prison and died in 1701 leaving huge financial debts his widow sent William and a daughter to France to be educated and brought up as Catholics 3 William married Mary Kennett in Kelloe County Durham in 1713 14 The Duchess of Seaforth was the daughter and heiress of Nicholas Kennett of Coxhoe county Durham and educated in France under Jesuits 4 Career editShortly after the accession of George I in 1714 William was ordered to confine himself within Brahan Castle which belonged to him He attended the meeting convened by John Erskine earl of Mar at Braemar in 1715 when the standard of the Pretender was raised At the head of over three thousand men including the Macdonalds Rosses and others he set out in October to join Mar at Perth John Gordon earl of Sutherland endeavoured to bar his passage but on being attacked retreated to Bonar Seaforth after harassing his country and collecting large quantities of booty continued his march southwards He was present at the battle of Sheriffmuir 5 After the battle he was nominated by the Chevalier lieutenant general and commander of the northern counties and went north to endeavour to recover Inverness which had been captured for the government by Simon Fraser lord Lovat Although joined by Alexander Gordon marquis of Huntly he was unable to raise forces sufficient to make way against the Earl of Sutherland and gave in their submission Shortly afterwards Seaforth crossed over to the Isle of Lewis where he endeavoured to collect a number of his followers but when a detachment of government troops had been sent against him he escaped to Ross shire whence he set sail for France reaching St Germains in February 1716 On 7 May following he was attainted by parliament and his estates forfeited 5 Seaforth accompanied the Earl Marischal in his expedition to the western highlands in 1719 He was severely wounded at the battle of Glenshiel on 10 June but was carried on board a vessel by his followers and escaping to the Western Isles returned thence to France 5 Notwithstanding his forfeiture his followers in spite of the vigilance of the government regularly sent him their rents in his exile After the passing of the disarming act in 1725 they however agreed on his private recommendation to give up their arms and in future to pay rent to the government on condition that they were discharged of all arrears To this Wade not only agreed but also promised to use his influence to secure a pardon for Seaforth The efforts of Wade on behalf of Seaforth although strongly opposed by John Campbell second duke of Argyll were successful By letters patent of 12 June 1726 Seaforth was discharged of the penal consequences of his attainder although the forfeiture was not reversed From George II he received a grant of the arrears of feu duties due to the crown out of his forfeited estates Seaforth was led to seek peace with the government partly on the ground of dissatisfaction with his treatment by the Chevalier He excused to the Chevalier his acceptance of the terms of the government as a temporary expedient absolutely necessary for the protection of his clan but the Chevalier was deeply hurt at what he deemed a desertion of his cause Seaforth died 8 January 1740 in the Isle of Lewis and was buried there in the chapel of Ui 5 Ancestry editThrough his father Seaforth was descended from Scottish nobility and the High Stewards of Scotland Through his mother he is descended from different branches of the House of Herbert and English nobility and royals He was a direct descendant via his mother of Edward III of England via John of Gaunt Ancestors of William Mackenzie 5th Earl of Seaforth16 Kenneth Mackenzie 1st Lord Mackenzie of Kintail8 George Mackenzie 2nd Earl of Seaforth17 Isobel Ogilvie4 Kenneth Mackenzie 3rd Earl of Seaforth18 Arthur Forbes 9th Lord Forbes9 Barbara Forbes19 The Hon Jean Elphinstone2 Kenneth Mackenzie 4th Earl of Seaforth20 Sir Roderick Mackenzie of Coigach10 Sir John Mackenzie of Tarbat21 Margaret Macleod5 Isobel Mackenzie22 Sir George Erskine of Innerteil11 Margaret Erskine23 Isobel Browne1 William Mackenzie 5th Earl of Seaforth24 William Herbert 1st Baron Powis12 Percy Herbert 2nd Baron Powis25 Lady Eleanor Percy6 William Herbert 1st Marquess of Powis26 Sir William Craven13 Elizabeth Craven27 Elizabeth Whitmore3 Lady Frances Herbert28 Henry Somerset 1st Marquess of Worcester14 Edward Somerset 2nd Marquess of Worcester29 Anne Russell7 Lady Elizabeth Somerset30 Sir William Dormer15 Elizabeth Dormer31 Anne MolyneuxReferences edit Welcome to the Ui Church Uichurch co uk Retrieved 25 April 2019 Slater Victor 2007 Herbert William styled first marquess of Powis and Jacobite first duke of Powis Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 13060 Subscription or UK public library membership required Hopkins Paul 2014 Mackenzie Kenneth fourth earl of Seaforth and Jacobite first marquess of Seaforth Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 17593 Subscription or UK public library membership required MACKENZIE Kenneth 1717 61 of Seaforth History of Parliament Online www histparl ac uk a b c d Henderson 1893 Sources editHopkins Paul 2014 Mackenzie Kenneth fourth earl of Seaforth and Jacobite first marquess of Seaforth Online ed Oxford DNB Slater Victor 2007 Herbert William styled first marquess of Powis and Jacobite first duke of Powis Online ed Oxford DNB Attribution nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Henderson Thomas Finlayson 1893 Mackenzie William d 1740 In Lee Sidney ed Dictionary of National Biography Vol 35 London Smith Elder amp Co External links editElectric Scotland article on the Mackenzies of SeaforthPeerage of ScotlandPreceded byKenneth Mackenzie Earl of Seaforth1701 1716 ForfeitPreceded byKenneth Mackenzie Chief of Clan Mackenzie1701 1740 Succeeded byKenneth Mackenzie Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Mackenzie 5th Earl of Seaforth amp oldid 1188018353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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