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William J. Ripple

February 16, 2024

William J. Ripple is a professor of ecology at Oregon State University in the Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society. He is best known for his research on terrestrial trophic cascades, particularly the role of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) in North America as an apex predator and a keystone species that shapes food webs and landscape structures via “top-down” pressures.

William J. Ripple
William Ripple in 2010.
NationalityAmerican
Alma materSouth Dakota State University,
University of Idaho College of Mines and Earth Resources,
Oregon State University
Known forResearch of landscape-level trophic interactions involving apex predators and large herbivores
Scientific career
FieldsEcology
InstitutionsOregon State University
WebsiteTrophic Cascades Program

Ripple heads the Trophic Cascades Program at Oregon State University, which carries out several research initiatives such as the Aspen Project, the Wolves in Nature Project, and the Range Contractions Project.[1][2] He has a Ph.D. from Oregon State University[1]

Ripple was the lead author on the "Global Scientists' Warning to Humanity: A second Notice", published on November 13, 2017.[3] This article includes 15,364 scientist co-signatories from 184 countries. The article suggests "To prevent widespread misery and catastrophic biodiversity loss, humanity must practice a more environmentally sustainable alternative to business as usual." In 2020, Ripple led The World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency,[4] declaring with more than 11,000 scientist co-signatories from 153 countries that "Planet Earth is facing a climate emergency" and presenting six steps for avoiding the worst effects of climate change. Subsequently, Ripple has led an annual "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency" series of reports.[5][6]

In addition to being a highly cited researcher,[7] Ripple is the director of the Alliance of World Scientists, an independent organization with more than 25,000 scientist members that acts as a "collective international voice of many scientists regarding global climate and environmental trends."[8]

Ripple's work on environmental issues was highlighted in The Scientists' Warning—a documentary film about a researcher who started a movement to encourage scientists to help turn scientific knowledge into action.[9]

Research edit

William Ripple is the author of more than 100 peer-reviewed scientific articles, most of which deal with trophic cascades.[10]

Ripple, along with his frequent coauthor, Robert Beschta, have studied, published, and publicized the positive impact that gray wolves have had on the Yellowstone National Park ecosystem since their reintroduction in 1995 and 1996.[11]  These studies were featured in National Geographic Magazine,[12] Discover Magazine,[13] Smithsonian Magazine,[14] and Scientific American.[15]  Their research was also featured in the William Stolzenburg book, Where the Wild Things Were: Life, Death, and Ecological Wreckage in a Land of Vanishing Predators,[16] and the documentary film Lords of Nature: Living in a Land of Great Predators.[17]

Ripple's research carries a large focus on the gray wolf, particularly in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, but has also studied the impact of other large North American predators, such as the cougar (Puma concolor).[18] He has coauthored papers with other scientists in the field of trophic cascades and apex predators,[19] including an exhaustive review of the status and ecological impacts of the world's 31 largest mammalian carnivores.[20] He led an international team of scientists reviewing the status and ecological effects of the world's largest herbivores.[21] Ripple has also applied trophic cascade theory to the subject of the Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions. The hypothesis being that North American Pleistocene megafauna existed at low population densities, primarily limited by the apex predators of the time. The arrival of a novel and essentially invasive top predator (humans) could have driven these predator-limited populations to extinction.[22]

More recently, William Ripple has participated in publications addressing issues that are not immediately related to the subject of trophic cascades. Many of these articles deal with climate change. One such article, published in the journal Nature Climate Change, advocates for reducing the total ruminant population in global agriculture as a means to combat anthropogenic climate change. Because methane is an important greenhouse gas, reducing a leading source of human-driven methane emissions such as those from ruminants could have a significant role to play in efforts to mitigate climate change.[23] Ripple also co-authored an assessment of the carbon opportunity cost of animal-sourced food production[24] and a study on the climate mitigation potential of substituting beans for beef.[25] In 2023, Ripple led a study describing the risks associated with climate feedback loops.[26]

Awards and honors edit

  • 2020 - Oregon State University; “Richardson Endowed Chair in Forest Science”.[27]
  • 2014 - Oregon State University; “2014 Distinguished Professor Award”.[28]
  • 2011 - Oregon State University; “L.L. Stewart Faculty Scholars Program award”.[29]
  • 2009 - Defenders of Wildlife; “Spirit of Defenders Award for Science”, for his work studying the links between top predators and healthy ecosystems.[30]
  • 2008 - High Desert Museum; “Earle A. Chiles Award” for his research on trophic cascades and “pioneering new ways of interpreting predator, prey and plant relationships in High Desert ecosystems, and improving ecosystem management.”[31]
  • 1996 - American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Fellow.[32]

Bibliography edit

 
Scholia has a profile for William J. Ripple (Q8013321).
  • William J. Ripple and Nicholas R. Houtman (2019). "Chapter 2: Scientists' warnings have been ignored". In Extinction Rebellion (ed.). This Is Not a Drill: An Extinction Rebellion Handbook. Penguin Books. pp. 28–30. ISBN 9780141991443.

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Ripple, William J." Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society. Faculty. Oregon State University. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  2. ^ "Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society". Trophic Cascades Program. Retrieved 9 March 2012.
  3. ^ Ripple, William J.; Wolf, Christopher; Newsome, Thomas M.; Galetti, Mauro; Alamgir, Mohammed; Crist, Eileen; Mahmoud, Mahmoud I.; Laurance, William F. (1 December 2017). "World Scientists' Warning to Humanity: A Second Notice". BioScience. 67 (12): 1026–1028. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix125. hdl:11336/71342.
  4. ^ Ripple, William J; Wolf, Christopher; Newsome, Thomas M; Barnard, Phoebe; Moomaw, William R (1 January 2020). "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency". BioScience. 70 (1): 100. doi:10.1093/biosci/biz088. hdl:2445/151800.
  5. ^ Ripple, William J; Wolf, Christopher; Newsome, Thomas M; Gregg, Jillian W; Lenton, Timothy M; Palomo, Ignacio; Eikelbloom, Jasper A; Law, Beverly E; Huq, Saleemul; Duffy, Philip B; Rockström, Johan (28 July 2021). "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emergency 2021". BioScience. 71 (9): 894-898. doi:10.1093/biosci/biab079. hdl:10871/126814. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  6. ^ Ripple, William J; Wolf, Christopher; Gregg, Jillian W; Levin, Kelly; Rockström, Johan; Newsome, Thomas M; Betts, Matthew G; Huq, Saleemul; Law, Beverly E; Kemp, Luke; Kalmus, Peter; Lenton, Timothy (22 October 2022). "World Scientists' Warning of a Climate Emregency 2022". BioScience. 72 (12): 1149-1155. doi:10.1093/biosci/biac083. hdl:1808/30278. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  7. ^ Highly Cited Researchers. 2020. https://recognition.webofscience.com/awards/highly-cited/2020/
  8. ^ Alliance of World Scientists. 2020. https://scientistswarning.forestry.oregonstate.edu/
  9. ^ The Scientists' Warning. 2022. http://scientistswarningfilm.org
  10. ^ Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society. Trophic Cascades Program. Scientific Articles. Retrieved 14 April 2014. http://www.cof.orst.edu/cascades/articles.php
  11. ^ Ripple, William J.; Beschta, Robert L. (1 January 2012). "Trophic cascades in Yellowstone: The first 15years after wolf reintroduction". Biological Conservation. 145 (1): 205–213. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.005.
  12. ^ Chadwick, D. March, 2010. Wolf Wars. National Geographic Magazine.
  13. ^ Smith, J. F., Coffey, R., Fang, J. May, 2010. DESTINATION SCIENCE: YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, USA. Discover Magazine. http://discovermagazine.com/2010/apr/11-destination-science-best-adventures-museums-nightspots.
  14. ^ Jaffe, E. December, 2006. It All Falls Down: A plummeting cougar population alters the ecosystem at Zion National Park. Smithsonian Magazine. http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/cougar.html#
  15. ^ Robbins, J. May, 2004. Lessons from the Wolf. Scientific American. http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=lessons-from-the-wolf
  16. ^ Stolzenburg, William. 2008. Where the Wild Things Were: Life, Death, and Ecological Wreckage in a Land of Vanishing Predators. Bloomsbury USA, New York.
  17. ^ Lords of Nature: Life in a Land of Great Predators. 2009. http://lordsofnature.org/
  18. ^ Ripple, William J.; Beschta, Robert L. (1 December 2006). "Linking a cougar decline, trophic cascade, and catastrophic regime shift in Zion National Park". Biological Conservation. 133 (4): 397–408. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2006.07.002.
  19. ^ Estes, James A.; Terborgh, John; Brashares, Justin S.; Power, Mary E.; Berger, Joel; Bond, William J.; Carpenter, Stephen R.; Essington, Timothy E.; Holt, Robert D.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.; Marquis, Robert J.; Oksanen, Lauri; Oksanen, Tarja; Paine, Robert T.; Pikitch, Ellen K.; Ripple, William J.; Sandin, Stuart A.; Scheffer, Marten; Schoener, Thomas W.; Shurin, Jonathan B.; Sinclair, Anthony R. E.; Soulé, Michael E.; Virtanen, Risto; Wardle, David A. (15 July 2011). "Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth". Science. 333 (6040): 301–306. Bibcode:2011Sci...333..301E. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.679.5347. doi:10.1126/science.1205106. PMID 21764740. S2CID 7752940.
  20. ^ Ripple, William J.; Estes, James A.; Beschta, Robert L.; Wilmers, Christopher C.; Ritchie, Euan G.; Hebblewhite, Mark; Berger, Joel; Elmhagen, Bodil; Letnic, Mike; Nelson, Michael P.; Schmitz, Oswald J.; Smith, Douglas W.; Wallach, Arian D.; Wirsing, Aaron J. (10 January 2014). "Status and Ecological Effects of the World's Largest Carnivores". Science. 343 (6167). CiteSeerX 10.1.1.657.9004. doi:10.1126/science.1241484. PMID 24408439. S2CID 206550298.
  21. ^ Ripple, William J.; Newsome, Thomas M.; Wolf, Christopher; Dirzo, Rodolfo; Everatt, Kristoffer T.; Galetti, Mauro; Hayward, Matt W.; Kerley, Graham I. H.; Levi, Taal; Lindsey, Peter A.; Macdonald, David W.; Malhi, Yadvinder; Painter, Luke E.; Sandom, Christopher J.; Terborgh, John; Van Valkenburgh, Blaire (May 2015). "Collapse of the world's largest herbivores". Science Advances. 1 (4): e1400103. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E0103R. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400103. PMC 4640652. PMID 26601172. S2CID 8085865.
  22. ^ Ripple, William J.; Van Valkenburgh, Blaire (1 August 2010). "Linking Top-down Forces to the Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinctions" (PDF). BioScience. 60 (7): 516–526. doi:10.1525/bio.2010.60.7.7. S2CID 45581293.
  23. ^ Ripple, William J.; Smith, Pete; Haberl, Helmut; Montzka, Stephen A.; McAlpine, Clive; Boucher, Douglas H. (January 2014). "Ruminants, climate change and climate policy". Nature Climate Change. 4 (1): 2–5. Bibcode:2014NatCC...4....2R. doi:10.1038/nclimate2081.
  24. ^ Hayek, Matthew N.; Harwatt, Helen; Ripple, William J.; Mueller, Nathaniel D. (7 September 2020). "The carbon opportunity cost of animal-sourced food production on land". Nature Sustainability. 4: 21–24. doi:10.1038/s41893-020-00603-4. S2CID 221522148.
  25. ^ Harwatt, Helen; Sabaté, Joan; Eshel, Gidon; Soret, Sam; Ripple, William (July 2017). "Substituting beans for beef as a contribution toward US climate change targets". Climatic Change. 143 (1–2): 261–270. Bibcode:2017ClCh..143..261H. doi:10.1007/s10584-017-1969-1. S2CID 157396865.
  26. ^ Ripple, William J; Wolf, Christopher; Lenton, Timothy M; Gregg, Jillian W; Natali, Susan M; Duffy, Philip B; Rockström, Johan; Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim (2023). "Many risky feedback loops amplify the need for climate action". One Earth. 6 (2): 86-91. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2023.01.004. S2CID 257012462. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  27. ^ Endowed Faculty Positions. https://www.forestry.oregonstate.edu/deans-office/endowed-faculty-positions-deans-office. Accessed 13-October-2020.
  28. ^ Oregon State University Academic Affairs. OSU selects public health leader, ecologist for Distinguished Professor Awards. http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2014/feb/osu-selects-public-health-leader-ecologist-distinguished-professor-awards. Accessed 16-March-2014.
  29. ^ Oregon State University Academic Affairs. The L.L. Stewart Faculty Scholars Project Summary - Bill Ripple. http://oregonstate.edu/admin/aa/ll-stewart-faculty-scholars/bill-ripple. Accessed 09-March-2012.
  30. ^ 14. Oregon State University, University Relations and Marketing, News & Research Communications. September, 2009. Ripple receives national honor from Defenders of Wildlife. http://oregonstate.edu/ua/ncs/archives/2009/sep/ripple-receives-national-honor-defenders-wildlife. Accessed 09-March-2012.
  31. ^ High Desert Museum. High Desert Museum Honors Ecologist Dr. William Ripple with Earle A. Chiles Award. http://www.highdesertmuseum.org/.docs/pg/10322. Accessed 09-March-2012.
  32. ^ American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Fellow Award Recipients. http://www.asprs.org/Member-Info/Fellow-Award-Recipients.html. Accessed 09-March-2012.

February 16, 2024
william, ripple, professor, ecology, oregon, state, university, department, forest, ecosystems, society, best, known, research, terrestrial, trophic, cascades, particularly, role, gray, wolf, canis, lupus, north, america, apex, predator, keystone, species, tha. William J Ripple is a professor of ecology at Oregon State University in the Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society He is best known for his research on terrestrial trophic cascades particularly the role of the gray wolf Canis lupus in North America as an apex predator and a keystone species that shapes food webs and landscape structures via top down pressures William J RippleWilliam Ripple in 2010 NationalityAmericanAlma materSouth Dakota State University University of Idaho College of Mines and Earth Resources Oregon State UniversityKnown forResearch of landscape level trophic interactions involving apex predators and large herbivoresScientific careerFieldsEcologyInstitutionsOregon State UniversityWebsiteTrophic Cascades ProgramRipple heads the Trophic Cascades Program at Oregon State University which carries out several research initiatives such as the Aspen Project the Wolves in Nature Project and the Range Contractions Project 1 2 He has a Ph D from Oregon State University 1 Ripple was the lead author on the Global Scientists Warning to Humanity A second Notice published on November 13 2017 3 This article includes 15 364 scientist co signatories from 184 countries The article suggests To prevent widespread misery and catastrophic biodiversity loss humanity must practice a more environmentally sustainable alternative to business as usual In 2020 Ripple led The World Scientists Warning of a Climate Emergency 4 declaring with more than 11 000 scientist co signatories from 153 countries that Planet Earth is facing a climate emergency and presenting six steps for avoiding the worst effects of climate change Subsequently Ripple has led an annual World Scientists Warning of a Climate Emergency series of reports 5 6 In addition to being a highly cited researcher 7 Ripple is the director of the Alliance of World Scientists an independent organization with more than 25 000 scientist members that acts as a collective international voice of many scientists regarding global climate and environmental trends 8 Ripple s work on environmental issues was highlighted in The Scientists Warning a documentary film about a researcher who started a movement to encourage scientists to help turn scientific knowledge into action 9 Contents 1 Research 2 Awards and honors 3 Bibliography 4 ReferencesResearch editWilliam Ripple is the author of more than 100 peer reviewed scientific articles most of which deal with trophic cascades 10 Ripple along with his frequent coauthor Robert Beschta have studied published and publicized the positive impact that gray wolves have had on the Yellowstone National Park ecosystem since their reintroduction in 1995 and 1996 11 These studies were featured in National Geographic Magazine 12 Discover Magazine 13 Smithsonian Magazine 14 and Scientific American 15 Their research was also featured in the William Stolzenburg book Where the Wild Things Were Life Death and Ecological Wreckage in a Land of Vanishing Predators 16 and the documentary film Lords of Nature Living in a Land of Great Predators 17 Ripple s research carries a large focus on the gray wolf particularly in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem but has also studied the impact of other large North American predators such as the cougar Puma concolor 18 He has coauthored papers with other scientists in the field of trophic cascades and apex predators 19 including an exhaustive review of the status and ecological impacts of the world s 31 largest mammalian carnivores 20 He led an international team of scientists reviewing the status and ecological effects of the world s largest herbivores 21 Ripple has also applied trophic cascade theory to the subject of the Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions The hypothesis being that North American Pleistocene megafauna existed at low population densities primarily limited by the apex predators of the time The arrival of a novel and essentially invasive top predator humans could have driven these predator limited populations to extinction 22 More recently William Ripple has participated in publications addressing issues that are not immediately related to the subject of trophic cascades Many of these articles deal with climate change One such article published in the journal Nature Climate Change advocates for reducing the total ruminant population in global agriculture as a means to combat anthropogenic climate change Because methane is an important greenhouse gas reducing a leading source of human driven methane emissions such as those from ruminants could have a significant role to play in efforts to mitigate climate change 23 Ripple also co authored an assessment of the carbon opportunity cost of animal sourced food production 24 and a study on the climate mitigation potential of substituting beans for beef 25 In 2023 Ripple led a study describing the risks associated with climate feedback loops 26 Awards and honors edit2020 Oregon State University Richardson Endowed Chair in Forest Science 27 2014 Oregon State University 2014 Distinguished Professor Award 28 2011 Oregon State University L L Stewart Faculty Scholars Program award 29 2009 Defenders of Wildlife Spirit of Defenders Award for Science for his work studying the links between top predators and healthy ecosystems 30 2008 High Desert Museum Earle A Chiles Award for his research on trophic cascades and pioneering new ways of interpreting predator prey and plant relationships in High Desert ecosystems and improving ecosystem management 31 1996 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ASPRS Fellow 32 Bibliography edit nbsp Scholia has a profile for William J Ripple Q8013321 William J Ripple and Nicholas R Houtman 2019 Chapter 2 Scientists warnings have been ignored In Extinction Rebellion ed This Is Not a Drill An Extinction Rebellion Handbook Penguin Books pp 28 30 ISBN 9780141991443 References edit a b Ripple William J Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Faculty Oregon State University Retrieved 9 March 2012 Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Trophic Cascades Program Retrieved 9 March 2012 Ripple William J Wolf Christopher Newsome Thomas M Galetti Mauro Alamgir Mohammed Crist Eileen Mahmoud Mahmoud I Laurance William F 1 December 2017 World Scientists Warning to Humanity A Second Notice BioScience 67 12 1026 1028 doi 10 1093 biosci bix125 hdl 11336 71342 Ripple William J Wolf Christopher Newsome Thomas M Barnard Phoebe Moomaw William R 1 January 2020 World Scientists Warning of a Climate Emergency BioScience 70 1 100 doi 10 1093 biosci biz088 hdl 2445 151800 Ripple William J Wolf Christopher Newsome Thomas M Gregg Jillian W Lenton Timothy M Palomo Ignacio Eikelbloom Jasper A Law Beverly E Huq Saleemul Duffy Philip B Rockstrom Johan 28 July 2021 World Scientists Warning of a Climate Emergency 2021 BioScience 71 9 894 898 doi 10 1093 biosci biab079 hdl 10871 126814 Retrieved 18 April 2023 Ripple William J Wolf Christopher Gregg Jillian W Levin Kelly Rockstrom Johan Newsome Thomas M Betts Matthew G Huq Saleemul Law Beverly E Kemp Luke Kalmus Peter Lenton Timothy 22 October 2022 World Scientists Warning of a Climate Emregency 2022 BioScience 72 12 1149 1155 doi 10 1093 biosci biac083 hdl 1808 30278 Retrieved 18 April 2023 Highly Cited Researchers 2020 https recognition webofscience com awards highly cited 2020 Alliance of World Scientists 2020 https scientistswarning forestry oregonstate edu The Scientists Warning 2022 http scientistswarningfilm org Oregon State University Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Trophic Cascades Program Scientific Articles Retrieved 14 April 2014 http www cof orst edu cascades articles php Ripple William J Beschta Robert L 1 January 2012 Trophic cascades in Yellowstone The first 15years after wolf reintroduction Biological Conservation 145 1 205 213 doi 10 1016 j biocon 2011 11 005 Chadwick D March 2010 Wolf Wars National Geographic Magazine 1 Smith J F Coffey R Fang J May 2010 DESTINATION SCIENCE YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK USA Discover Magazine http discovermagazine com 2010 apr 11 destination science best adventures museums nightspots Jaffe E December 2006 It All Falls Down A plummeting cougar population alters the ecosystem at Zion National Park Smithsonian Magazine http www smithsonianmag com science nature cougar html Robbins J May 2004 Lessons from the Wolf Scientific American http www scientificamerican com article cfm id lessons from the wolf Stolzenburg William 2008 Where the Wild Things Were Life Death and Ecological Wreckage in a Land of Vanishing Predators Bloomsbury USA New York Lords of Nature Life in a Land of Great Predators 2009 http lordsofnature org Ripple William J Beschta Robert L 1 December 2006 Linking a cougar decline trophic cascade and catastrophic regime shift in Zion National Park Biological Conservation 133 4 397 408 doi 10 1016 j biocon 2006 07 002 Estes James A Terborgh John Brashares Justin S Power Mary E Berger Joel Bond William J Carpenter Stephen R Essington Timothy E Holt Robert D Jackson Jeremy B C Marquis Robert J Oksanen Lauri Oksanen Tarja Paine Robert T Pikitch Ellen K Ripple William J Sandin Stuart A Scheffer Marten Schoener Thomas W Shurin Jonathan B Sinclair Anthony R E Soule Michael E Virtanen Risto Wardle David A 15 July 2011 Trophic Downgrading of Planet Earth Science 333 6040 301 306 Bibcode 2011Sci 333 301E CiteSeerX 10 1 1 679 5347 doi 10 1126 science 1205106 PMID 21764740 S2CID 7752940 Ripple William J Estes James A Beschta Robert L Wilmers Christopher C Ritchie Euan G Hebblewhite Mark Berger Joel Elmhagen Bodil Letnic Mike Nelson Michael P Schmitz Oswald J Smith Douglas W Wallach Arian D Wirsing Aaron J 10 January 2014 Status and Ecological Effects of the World s Largest Carnivores Science 343 6167 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 657 9004 doi 10 1126 science 1241484 PMID 24408439 S2CID 206550298 Ripple William J Newsome Thomas M Wolf Christopher Dirzo Rodolfo Everatt Kristoffer T Galetti Mauro Hayward Matt W Kerley Graham I H Levi Taal Lindsey Peter A Macdonald David W Malhi Yadvinder Painter Luke E Sandom Christopher J Terborgh John Van Valkenburgh Blaire May 2015 Collapse of the world s largest herbivores Science Advances 1 4 e1400103 Bibcode 2015SciA 1E0103R doi 10 1126 sciadv 1400103 PMC 4640652 PMID 26601172 S2CID 8085865 Ripple William J Van Valkenburgh Blaire 1 August 2010 Linking Top down Forces to the Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinctions PDF BioScience 60 7 516 526 doi 10 1525 bio 2010 60 7 7 S2CID 45581293 Ripple William J Smith Pete Haberl Helmut Montzka Stephen A McAlpine Clive Boucher Douglas H January 2014 Ruminants climate change and climate policy Nature Climate Change 4 1 2 5 Bibcode 2014NatCC 4 2R doi 10 1038 nclimate2081 Hayek Matthew N Harwatt Helen Ripple William J Mueller Nathaniel D 7 September 2020 The carbon opportunity cost of animal sourced food production on land Nature Sustainability 4 21 24 doi 10 1038 s41893 020 00603 4 S2CID 221522148 Harwatt Helen Sabate Joan Eshel Gidon Soret Sam Ripple William July 2017 Substituting beans for beef as a contribution toward US climate change targets Climatic Change 143 1 2 261 270 Bibcode 2017ClCh 143 261H doi 10 1007 s10584 017 1969 1 S2CID 157396865 Ripple William J Wolf Christopher Lenton Timothy M Gregg Jillian W Natali Susan M Duffy Philip B Rockstrom Johan Schellnhuber Hans Joachim 2023 Many risky feedback loops amplify the need for climate action One Earth 6 2 86 91 doi 10 1016 j oneear 2023 01 004 S2CID 257012462 Retrieved 18 April 2023 Endowed Faculty Positions https www forestry oregonstate edu deans office endowed faculty positions deans office Accessed 13 October 2020 Oregon State University Academic Affairs OSU selects public health leader ecologist for Distinguished Professor Awards http oregonstate edu ua ncs archives 2014 feb osu selects public health leader ecologist distinguished professor awards Accessed 16 March 2014 Oregon State University Academic Affairs The L L Stewart Faculty Scholars Project Summary Bill Ripple http oregonstate edu admin aa ll stewart faculty scholars bill ripple Accessed 09 March 2012 14 Oregon State University University Relations and Marketing News amp Research Communications September 2009 Ripple receives national honor from Defenders of Wildlife http oregonstate edu ua ncs archives 2009 sep ripple receives national honor defenders wildlife Accessed 09 March 2012 High Desert Museum High Desert Museum Honors Ecologist Dr William Ripple with Earle A Chiles Award http www highdesertmuseum org docs pg 10322 Accessed 09 March 2012 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Fellow Award Recipients http www asprs org Member Info Fellow Award Recipients html Accessed 09 March 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William J Ripple amp oldid 1185733477, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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