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William Coldstream

January 01, 1970

Sir William Menzies Coldstream, CBE (28 February 1908 – 18 February 1987) was an English realist painter and a long-standing art teacher.

Sir William Coldstream
Born
William Menzies Coldstream

(1908-02-28)28 February 1908
Belford, Northumberland, England
Died18 February 1987(1987-02-18) (aged 78)
London, England
Education
Known forPainting, drawing
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1931; div. 1942)​
Monica Hoyer
​
(m. 1960)​
Children5
AwardsCBE 1952; Knighted 1956

Biography edit

 
Kulbir Thapa, had won the Victoria Cross in 1915 "For most conspicuous bravery during operations against the German trenches South of Manquisart." (Art.IWM ART LD3992)
 
The Bailey Bridge built by Royal Engineers over the Volturno River, Italy

Coldstream was born at Belford, Northumberland, in northern England, the second son of country doctor George Probyn Coldstream and his wife Susan Jane Lilian, daughter of Maj. Robert Mercer-Tod, of the 43rd Regiment.[1][2][3]

His mother's family were Scottish landed gentry.[4] He grew up in London, where he was privately educated, then studied at the Slade School of Fine Art between 1926 and 1929. In 1931 he joined the London Artists' Association and then, two years later, the London Group.[5]

In 1934, Coldstream joined the GPO Film Unit to make documentary films with John Grierson. During his time with the GPO, Coldstream worked alongside W. H. Auden, Benjamin Britten and Barnett Freedman but also continued to paint. In 1937, with some financial support from Kenneth Clark, Coldstream returned to painting on a full-time basis.[6] Later that year, he co-founded the Euston Road School with Graham Bell, Victor Pasmore and Claude Rogers, having previously been involved in the short-lived objective abstraction movement.[7]

Notable among his paintings of this period is the portrait of Inez Pearn (at that time married to Stephen Spender), which has been called ‘a masterpiece of analytical realism’ and which was said to have needed some forty sittings.[8] Coldstream's earlier years were characterized by a dedicated engagement with socialist ideals, and by the pursuit of a non-elitist form of art. To this end, he supported the Mass Observation social survey of Britain and participated in their 1938 painting trip to Bolton.[6]

At the start of World War II Coldstream enlisted in the Royal Artillery before transferring to the Royal Engineers.[9] At first he served as a gunner with a training regiment near Dover and then, from 1940 until 1943 was a camouflage officer with Camouflage Command in Farnham and later in Bristol.[10]

In 1943, the War Artists Advisory Committee, WWAC, offered Coldstream a full-time commission which he accepted, having previously declined to work for the Committee.[11] He was stationed in Cairo with an Indian transport unit and painted four portraits of individuals there. From Cairo he travelled to Italy, painting buildings in Capua, Rimini and Florence. Due to his slow means of working, Coldstream only produced nine pictures during his WAAC commission.[12] He also painted Helen Darbishire in her role as principal of Somerville College, Oxford.

In November 1945, he became a visiting teacher at Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts, and later its Professor. In 1949 he returned to lead the Slade School as Principal, and Professor of Fine Art. Under his direction the Slade achieved an international reputation.[13]

In 1952, he became a CBE[14] In the Queen's Birthday Honours 1956 Coldstream was appointed as a Knight Bachelor.[15] Between 1958 and 1971 he was Chairman of the National Advisory Council on Art Education, which published its first report in 1960—called the "Coldstream Report"—outlining the requirements for a new Diploma in Art and Design (Dip.A.D.). Coldstream's proposals eventually led to more art school courses being given degree status.[16]

Other administrative posts he held were as Vice Chairman of the Arts Council, and as a director of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, and as a trustee of the National Gallery. He was also Chairman of the British Film Institute from 1964 to 1971. In 1978 he was awarded the Sir Misha Black award and was added to the College of Medallists.[17]

Coldstream retired from the Slade School in 1975, and continued to paint until 1984, when his health was in marked decline. He died in the Royal Homeopathic Hospital in London on 18 February 1987.[citation needed]

Personal life edit

As a student at the Slade in 1931, Coldstream met and married Nancy Sharp. The marriage lasted until 1942, and produced two daughters. In 1960 he married his model, Monica Hoyer, and together they had three children, a boy and two girls.[6] Coldstream's cousin, Nicolas Coldstream, was a leading archaeologist and academic.[18]

Method and works edit

Coldstream was committed to painting directly from life; he once remarked, "I lose interest unless I let myself be ruled by what I see".[19] His type of realism had its basis in careful measurement, carried out by the following method: standing before the subject to be painted, a brush is held upright at arm's length. With one eye closed, the artist can, by sliding a thumb up or down the brush handle, take the measure of an object or interval. This finding is compared against other objects or intervals, with the brush still kept at arm's length. Informed by such measurements, the artist can paint what the eye sees without the use of conventional perspective. The surfaces of Coldstream's paintings carry many small horizontal and vertical markings, where he recorded these coordinates so that they could be verified against reality. As a result of his painstaking methods, Coldstream worked slowly, often taking scores of sittings over several months to complete a work. His subjects include still-life, landscapes (usually centered on architecture), portraits, and the female nude.

References edit

  1. ^ "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39956. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal: Being a Complete Table of All the Descendants Now Living of Edward III, King of England. The Mortimer-Percy volume, Volume 4, Part 1, Melville de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, Genealogical Publishing Co., 1994 (reprint), p. 546
  3. ^ "UCL Archives: Home Page".
  4. ^ A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain, 13th ed., ed. A. Winton Thorpe, 1921, p. 1235
  5. ^ Frances Spalding (1990). 20th Century Painters and Sculptors. Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN 1-85149-106-6.
  6. ^ a b c Tate. "Artist biography, Sir William Coldstream". Tate. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  7. ^ "Objective Abstraction, Tate website". Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  8. ^ "The Tate Britain".
  9. ^ Gowing and Sylvester 1990, p. 111.
  10. ^ Imperial War Museum. "Coldstream, William Menzies (Oral history)". Imperial War Museum. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
  11. ^ Imperial War Museum. "War artists archive, William Coldstream". Imperial War Museum. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  12. ^ Brain Foss (2007). War Paint: Art, War, State and Identity in Britain, 1939-1945. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10890-3.
  13. ^ Gowing and Sylvester 1990, p. 114.
  14. ^ "No. 39555". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 May 1952. p. 11.
  15. ^ "No. 40787". The London Gazette (Supplement). 25 May 1956. p. 2.
  16. ^ Ian Chilvers (2004). The Oxford Dictionary of Art. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860476-9.
  17. ^ "The Sir Misha Black Medal - Misha Black Awards". mishablackawards.org.uk.
  18. ^ Cadogan, Gerald (15 April 2008). "Professor Nicolas Coldstream: Pioneering investigator of Greek culture and history of the ninth and eighth centuries BC". The Independent. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  19. ^ Gowing and Sylvester 1990, p. 21.

Further reading edit

  • Wilson, Colin St.John. (1999) The Artist at Work: On the Working Methods of William Coldstream and Michael Andrews. London: Lund Humphries. ISBN 0-85331-759-3
  • Wilcox, Tim, et al. (1990). The Pursuit of the Real: British figurative painting from Sickert to Bacon. London: Lund Humphries. ISBN 0-85331-571-X.
  • Laughton, Bruce (2004), William Coldstream. New Haven: Paul Mellon Center for British Art. ISBN 0-300-10243-7.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Coldstream.
  • 51 artworks by or after William Coldstream at the Art UK site

January 01, 1970
william, coldstream, william, menzies, coldstream, february, 1908, february, 1987, english, realist, painter, long, standing, teacher, bornwilliam, menzies, coldstream, 1908, february, 1908belford, northumberland, englanddied18, february, 1987, 1987, aged, lon. Sir William Menzies Coldstream CBE 28 February 1908 18 February 1987 was an English realist painter and a long standing art teacher Sir William ColdstreamBornWilliam Menzies Coldstream 1908 02 28 28 February 1908Belford Northumberland EnglandDied18 February 1987 1987 02 18 aged 78 London EnglandEducationSlade School of Fine ArtKnown forPainting drawingSpousesNancy Sharp m 1931 div 1942 wbr Monica Hoyer m 1960 wbr Children5AwardsCBE 1952 Knighted 1956 Contents 1 Biography 2 Personal life 3 Method and works 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksBiography edit nbsp Kulbir Thapa had won the Victoria Cross in 1915 For most conspicuous bravery during operations against the German trenches South of Manquisart Art IWM ART LD3992 nbsp The Bailey Bridge built by Royal Engineers over the Volturno River Italy Coldstream was born at Belford Northumberland in northern England the second son of country doctor George Probyn Coldstream and his wife Susan Jane Lilian daughter of Maj Robert Mercer Tod of the 43rd Regiment 1 2 3 His mother s family were Scottish landed gentry 4 He grew up in London where he was privately educated then studied at the Slade School of Fine Art between 1926 and 1929 In 1931 he joined the London Artists Association and then two years later the London Group 5 In 1934 Coldstream joined the GPO Film Unit to make documentary films with John Grierson During his time with the GPO Coldstream worked alongside W H Auden Benjamin Britten and Barnett Freedman but also continued to paint In 1937 with some financial support from Kenneth Clark Coldstream returned to painting on a full time basis 6 Later that year he co founded the Euston Road School with Graham Bell Victor Pasmore and Claude Rogers having previously been involved in the short lived objective abstraction movement 7 Notable among his paintings of this period is the portrait of Inez Pearn at that time married to Stephen Spender which has been called a masterpiece of analytical realism and which was said to have needed some forty sittings 8 Coldstream s earlier years were characterized by a dedicated engagement with socialist ideals and by the pursuit of a non elitist form of art To this end he supported the Mass Observation social survey of Britain and participated in their 1938 painting trip to Bolton 6 At the start of World War II Coldstream enlisted in the Royal Artillery before transferring to the Royal Engineers 9 At first he served as a gunner with a training regiment near Dover and then from 1940 until 1943 was a camouflage officer with Camouflage Command in Farnham and later in Bristol 10 In 1943 the War Artists Advisory Committee WWAC offered Coldstream a full time commission which he accepted having previously declined to work for the Committee 11 He was stationed in Cairo with an Indian transport unit and painted four portraits of individuals there From Cairo he travelled to Italy painting buildings in Capua Rimini and Florence Due to his slow means of working Coldstream only produced nine pictures during his WAAC commission 12 He also painted Helen Darbishire in her role as principal of Somerville College Oxford In November 1945 he became a visiting teacher at Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts and later its Professor In 1949 he returned to lead the Slade School as Principal and Professor of Fine Art Under his direction the Slade achieved an international reputation 13 In 1952 he became a CBE 14 In the Queen s Birthday Honours 1956 Coldstream was appointed as a Knight Bachelor 15 Between 1958 and 1971 he was Chairman of the National Advisory Council on Art Education which published its first report in 1960 called the Coldstream Report outlining the requirements for a new Diploma in Art and Design Dip A D Coldstream s proposals eventually led to more art school courses being given degree status 16 Other administrative posts he held were as Vice Chairman of the Arts Council and as a director of the Royal Opera House Covent Garden and as a trustee of the National Gallery He was also Chairman of the British Film Institute from 1964 to 1971 In 1978 he was awarded the Sir Misha Black award and was added to the College of Medallists 17 Coldstream retired from the Slade School in 1975 and continued to paint until 1984 when his health was in marked decline He died in the Royal Homeopathic Hospital in London on 18 February 1987 citation needed Personal life editAs a student at the Slade in 1931 Coldstream met and married Nancy Sharp The marriage lasted until 1942 and produced two daughters In 1960 he married his model Monica Hoyer and together they had three children a boy and two girls 6 Coldstream s cousin Nicolas Coldstream was a leading archaeologist and academic 18 Method and works editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed December 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Coldstream was committed to painting directly from life he once remarked I lose interest unless I let myself be ruled by what I see 19 His type of realism had its basis in careful measurement carried out by the following method standing before the subject to be painted a brush is held upright at arm s length With one eye closed the artist can by sliding a thumb up or down the brush handle take the measure of an object or interval This finding is compared against other objects or intervals with the brush still kept at arm s length Informed by such measurements the artist can paint what the eye sees without the use of conventional perspective The surfaces of Coldstream s paintings carry many small horizontal and vertical markings where he recorded these coordinates so that they could be verified against reality As a result of his painstaking methods Coldstream worked slowly often taking scores of sittings over several months to complete a work His subjects include still life landscapes usually centered on architecture portraits and the female nude References edit The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press 2004 doi 10 1093 ref odnb 39956 ISBN 978 0 19 861412 8 Subscription or UK public library membership required The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal Being a Complete Table of All the Descendants Now Living of Edward III King of England The Mortimer Percy volume Volume 4 Part 1 Melville de Massue Marquis de Ruvigny Genealogical Publishing Co 1994 reprint p 546 UCL Archives Home Page A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain 13th ed ed A Winton Thorpe 1921 p 1235 Frances Spalding 1990 20th Century Painters and Sculptors Antique Collectors Club ISBN 1 85149 106 6 a b c Tate Artist biography Sir William Coldstream Tate Retrieved 17 October 2016 Objective Abstraction Tate website Retrieved 31 October 2014 The Tate Britain Gowing and Sylvester 1990 p 111 Imperial War Museum Coldstream William Menzies Oral history Imperial War Museum Retrieved 18 November 2016 Imperial War Museum War artists archive William Coldstream Imperial War Museum Retrieved 17 October 2016 Brain Foss 2007 War Paint Art War State and Identity in Britain 1939 1945 Yale University Press ISBN 978 0 300 10890 3 Gowing and Sylvester 1990 p 114 No 39555 The London Gazette Supplement 30 May 1952 p 11 No 40787 The London Gazette Supplement 25 May 1956 p 2 Ian Chilvers 2004 The Oxford Dictionary of Art Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 860476 9 The Sir Misha Black Medal Misha Black Awards mishablackawards org uk Cadogan Gerald 15 April 2008 Professor Nicolas Coldstream Pioneering investigator of Greek culture and history of the ninth and eighth centuries BC The Independent Retrieved 19 October 2013 Gowing and Sylvester 1990 p 21 Gowing Lawrence Sylvester David 1990 The Paintings of William Coldstream 1908 1987 London Tate Gallery ISBN 1 85437 048 0 Further reading editWilson Colin St John 1999 The Artist at Work On the Working Methods of William Coldstream and Michael Andrews London Lund Humphries ISBN 0 85331 759 3 Wilcox Tim et al 1990 The Pursuit of the Real British figurative painting from Sickert to Bacon London Lund Humphries ISBN 0 85331 571 X Laughton Bruce 2004 William Coldstream New Haven Paul Mellon Center for British Art ISBN 0 300 10243 7 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Coldstream 51 artworks by or after William Coldstream at the Art UK site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Coldstream amp oldid 1215658250, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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