The white-fronted amazon (Amazona albifrons) also known as the white-fronted parrot, or spectacled amazon parrot,[2] is a Central Americanspecies of parrot. They can imitate a range from 30 to 40 different sounds. Like other large parrots, the white-fronted parrot has a long potential life span, usually around 40 years.
The white-fronted amazon, at about 25 cm (9.8 in) long, is the smallest of the amazon parrots. This species is named for the bright white patch of feathers on its forehead, although the amount of white varies from individual to individual. They have mostly green plumage with some blue colouring on their outspread wings. They have bright red colouring around their eyes (in some individuals almost like spectacles) and blue colouring behind the patch of white on their foreheads. Together with the red-spectacled amazon and the yellow-lored amazon, it is the only amazon species in which adult males and females easily can be distinguished by external appearance (sexual dimorphism): Males have bright red feathers on their "shoulders" (alula), while females have green "shoulders". Juveniles have pale grey irises and less red on their face and the white area is replaced with a smaller yellowish area.[3]
Taxonomyedit
The species is divided into three subspecies[4] with slight differences in colour and size:
White-fronted amazon (A. a. albifrons) — (Sparrman, 1788) — nominate, found from western Mexico to southwestern Guatemala
Lesser white-fronted amazon (A. a. nana) — Miller, W, 1905 — found from southeastern Mexico to northwestern Costa Rica
Sonora white-fronted amazon (A. a. saltuensis) — Nelson, 1899 — found in northwestern Mexico
Distribution and habitatedit
The white-fronted amazon is native to Central America and Mexico; and is most often seen in small flocks of up to 20 birds. They are seen in a variety of different habitats from wet regions such as rainforests, to drier areas such as cactussavannahs. In the wild, they are not shy and people are often able to approach them. Flocks may congregate and people have seen groups that number into the hundreds. These groups may also contain flocks from other species such as the red-lored amazon. A population has been seen in southern Texas, probably escapees, and a small feral population has been observed living in southern California.[5] Introduced breeding populations have also been reported in Puerto Rico.[6]
Breedingedit
The white-fronted amazon nests in tree cavities. Their breeding season is usually in the spring, starting in February and ending in the summer (in June and July in most areas). After breeding, the female will lay an average of three to four white eggs. Eggs are incubated for about 26 days and chicks leave the nest at the age of about 60 days from hatching.[3]
Avicultureedit
Pet
The white-fronted amazon is sometimes kept by humans as a companion parrot or aviary bird. When tame, it is typically a sociable, affectionate, playful and intelligent bird that can learn to talk and often forms a close bond with its owner. Like many parrots, it is a long-lived species - potentially living for over 50 years in captivity.[2] However it is also a loud, noisy bird that is unsuitable for apartment dwelling and requires regular exercise, play opportunities and social interaction in order to thrive.[7] The World Parrot Trust recommends that the white-fronted amazon be kept in an enclosure with a minimum length of 3 metres.[2]
^BirdLife International (2018). "Amazona albifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22686222A131918643. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22686222A131918643.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
^ abc"WHITE-FRONTED AMAZON (Amazona albifrons)". World Parrot Trust. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
^ abAlderton, David (2003). The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Caged and Aviary Birds. London, England: Hermes House. p. 233. ISBN1-84309-164-X.
^Gill F & D Donsker (Eds). 2014. IOC World Bird List (v 4.2). doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.4.2 www.worldbirdnames.org Accessed 25 May 2014.
^"Flock Information". CaliforniaFlocks. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
^Falcón, Wilfredo; Tremblay, Raymond L. (2018). "From the cage to the wild: introductions of Psittaciformes to Puerto Rico". PeerJ. 6:e5669: e5669. doi:10.7717/peerj.5669. PMC6214232. PMID 30397538.
^Kalhagen, Alyson. "White-Fronted (White-Browed) Amazon Parrots: Bird Species Profile". The Spruce Pets. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amazona albifrons.
Wikispecies has information related to Amazona albifrons.
White-fronted parrot photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
White-fronted parrot species account at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
Interactive range map of Amazona albifrons at IUCN Red List maps
April 12, 2024
white, fronted, amazon, spectacled, amazon, redirects, here, confused, with, spectacled, amazon, white, fronted, amazon, amazona, albifrons, also, known, white, fronted, parrot, spectacled, amazon, parrot, central, american, species, parrot, they, imitate, ran. Spectacled amazon redirects here Not to be confused with Red spectacled amazon The white fronted amazon Amazona albifrons also known as the white fronted parrot or spectacled amazon parrot 2 is a Central American species of parrot They can imitate a range from 30 to 40 different sounds Like other large parrots the white fronted parrot has a long potential life span usually around 40 years White fronted amazonConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PsittaciformesFamily PsittacidaeGenus AmazonaSpecies A albifronsBinomial nameAmazona albifrons Sparrman 1788 SubspeciesA a albifronsA a saltuensisA a nana Contents 1 Description 2 Taxonomy 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Breeding 5 Aviculture 6 Gallery 7 References 8 External linksDescription edit nbsp Upper bodyThe white fronted amazon at about 25 cm 9 8 in long is the smallest of the amazon parrots This species is named for the bright white patch of feathers on its forehead although the amount of white varies from individual to individual They have mostly green plumage with some blue colouring on their outspread wings They have bright red colouring around their eyes in some individuals almost like spectacles and blue colouring behind the patch of white on their foreheads Together with the red spectacled amazon and the yellow lored amazon it is the only amazon species in which adult males and females easily can be distinguished by external appearance sexual dimorphism Males have bright red feathers on their shoulders alula while females have green shoulders Juveniles have pale grey irises and less red on their face and the white area is replaced with a smaller yellowish area 3 Taxonomy editThe species is divided into three subspecies 4 with slight differences in colour and size White fronted amazon A a albifrons Sparrman 1788 nominate found from western Mexico to southwestern Guatemala Lesser white fronted amazon A a nana Miller W 1905 found from southeastern Mexico to northwestern Costa Rica Sonora white fronted amazon A a saltuensis Nelson 1899 found in northwestern MexicoDistribution and habitat editThe white fronted amazon is native to Central America and Mexico and is most often seen in small flocks of up to 20 birds They are seen in a variety of different habitats from wet regions such as rainforests to drier areas such as cactus savannahs In the wild they are not shy and people are often able to approach them Flocks may congregate and people have seen groups that number into the hundreds These groups may also contain flocks from other species such as the red lored amazon A population has been seen in southern Texas probably escapees and a small feral population has been observed living in southern California 5 Introduced breeding populations have also been reported in Puerto Rico 6 Breeding editThe white fronted amazon nests in tree cavities Their breeding season is usually in the spring starting in February and ending in the summer in June and July in most areas After breeding the female will lay an average of three to four white eggs Eggs are incubated for about 26 days and chicks leave the nest at the age of about 60 days from hatching 3 Aviculture edit nbsp PetThe white fronted amazon is sometimes kept by humans as a companion parrot or aviary bird When tame it is typically a sociable affectionate playful and intelligent bird that can learn to talk and often forms a close bond with its owner Like many parrots it is a long lived species potentially living for over 50 years in captivity 2 However it is also a loud noisy bird that is unsuitable for apartment dwelling and requires regular exercise play opportunities and social interaction in order to thrive 7 The World Parrot Trust recommends that the white fronted amazon be kept in an enclosure with a minimum length of 3 metres 2 Gallery edit nbsp Tikal Guatemala nbsp Juvenile nbsp Amazona albifrons egg MHNTReferences edit BirdLife International 2018 Amazona albifrons IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T22686222A131918643 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 2 RLTS T22686222A131918643 en Retrieved 11 November 2021 a b c WHITE FRONTED AMAZON Amazona albifrons World Parrot Trust Retrieved 14 April 2021 a b Alderton David 2003 The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Caged and Aviary Birds London England Hermes House p 233 ISBN 1 84309 164 X Gill F amp D Donsker Eds 2014 IOC World Bird List v 4 2 doi 10 14344 IOC ML 4 2 www worldbirdnames org Accessed 25 May 2014 Flock Information CaliforniaFlocks Retrieved 7 December 2013 Falcon Wilfredo Tremblay Raymond L 2018 From the cage to the wild introductions of Psittaciformes to Puerto Rico PeerJ 6 e5669 e5669 doi 10 7717 peerj 5669 PMC 6214232 PMID 30397538 Kalhagen Alyson White Fronted White Browed Amazon Parrots Bird Species Profile The Spruce Pets Retrieved 14 April 2021 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Amazona albifrons nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Amazona albifrons BirdLife species factsheet for Amazona albifrons White fronted Amazon media Internet Bird Collection White fronted parrot photo gallery at VIREO Drexel University White fronted parrot species account at Neotropical Birds Cornell Lab of Ornithology Interactive range map of Amazona albifrons at IUCN Red List maps Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title White fronted amazon amp oldid 1214450187, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
