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Vittorio Valletta

May 19, 2023

Vittorio Valletta (28 July 1883 – 10 August 1967) was an Italian industrialist and president of Fiat S.p.A. from 1946 to 1966.

Senator for life
Vittorio Valletta
Valletta in the late 1940s
Member of the Senate of the Republic
In office
28 November 1966 – 10 August 1967
for life
Appointed byGiuseppe Saragat
Personal details
Born
Vittorio Giuseppe Valletta

(1883-07-28)28 July 1883
Sampierdarena, Italy
Died10 August 1967(1967-08-10) (aged 84)
Pietrasanta, Italy
Political partyIndependent
Spouse(s)Carmela Manfrino (1906–1960)
Felicita Dondo (1960–1967)
ChildrenFede Valletta (daughter)
Parent(s)Federico Valletta (father)
Teresa Quadrio (mother)
Alma materUniversity of Turin
OccupationIndustrialist
Known forPresident of Fiat S.p.A.

Early life

Born at Sampierdarena near Genoa, he was the son of Federico Valletta, of Brindisi origin (Palermo, 1856 – Turin, 1915), an officer of the Italian Royal Army and later an official in Turin of the Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.[1] His mother was Teresa Quadrio from Valtellina who belonged to a family of minor nobility;[2] a prominent exponent of this family was the patriot Maurizio Quadrio.[3] Valletta was a lecturer in economics before he joined Fiat in April 1921.[4] As a result of his academic qualifications and background he was often known to colleagues and in the trade as "The Professor" (Il Professore).[4][5]

Giovanni Agnelli, the company's founder, sought him as accountant. Valletta was known to the Italian fascist regime for his social democratic ideas, membership in Freemasonry, and clandestine connections with exiled anti-fascists in France, including the future president of the Italian Republic, Giuseppe Saragat,[6] of whom he shared his reformist socialist views and was politically close to his post-war Italian Democratic Socialist Party.[7]

Career

Valletta became Fiat director in 1928 and the company's CEO in 1939.[8][9] In the upheavals that followed the collapse of Benito Mussolini's fascist regime, Valletta found himself expelled from the company by the powerful trade unions that considered that he had been sympathetic to the National Fascist Party regime;[4][10] he was later acquitted.[11] While they shared mutual benefits in the field of war orders, Fiat always maintained a line of independence from the Fascist regime's totalitarian aspirations.[12] In his work about the Italian resistance, Sergio Favretto's book argues that Fiat was actively involved alongside the resistance; the company supplied vehicles and petrol, made large sums available to support the movement, and collaborated in the sabotage of war production in its own plants.[13]

In 1946, amid difficulties in the company's decision-making, Valletta was recalled and nominated as the company's president.[4] He presided during two decades of the Italian economic miracle and rapid expansion as small Fiats proliferated on Italian streets, and he lived out the injunction of Agnelli to "make Fiat greater, giving more working opportunities to the people, and producing better and cheaper cars."[4] Valletta wanted to bring American technology to Mirafiori and ensure that every Italian could buy a car, starting with the Turin workers, whom he described as "excellent, magnificent, and talented".[14] His corporate model was based on policy salary and particular attention to the needs of workers according to a model of corporate liberality, which was defined by critics as Vallettian paternalism and contrasted to the participatory and enlightened model of Adriano Olivetti in Ivrea.[15]

Later life and death

Even though he was on the side of the Western Bloc during the Cold War and confinement departments, in which the most combative left-wing workers were marginalized, were established, Valletta was suspected by American government representatives, such as the anti-communist abassador Clare Boothe Luce and the embassy's first secretary Clarence Durbrow, of siding with the Italian Communist Party leader Palmiro Togliatti. The anti-communist Luce repeatedly pressured Valletta, if he wanted to get work orders for his aircraft and vehicle departments, to expel all communists from Fiat, to which Valletta dismissed both the influence of the CGIL in Fiat and the danger of communism in Italy as overblown.[10]

In the 1950s, Valletta was the sponsor of the Autostrada A1, nicknamed Autostrada del Sole ("Sun Motorway").[16] In an interview to Il Messaggero, he gave his support for what became known as the Organic centre-left.[17] He continued as chairman of Fiat until, at the age of 83, he retired in April 1966 to be succeeded in that post by the founder's grandson, Gianni Agnelli.[4] Valletta was appointed senator for life in December 1966. Then Italian president Saragat's citation described Valletta as "the first Fiat worker, and one of the great men who most contributed to the Italian economic miracle and to the welfare of the country".[4] Valletta died of cerebral hemorrhage at his villa in Le Focette near Pietrasanta in 1967.[4][18] Along with Enrico Mattei, he is regarded among the best Italian managers of the 20th century.[19]

«Si spegne con Vittorio Valletta il più alto rappresentante di una borghesia promotrice di conquiste sociali e benessere per la classe lavoratrice, di sviluppo e progresso per la nazione. L'atmosfera seria e laboriosa di Torino gli fu congeniale e da essa trasse ispirazione e forza per fare della Fiat la massima impresa industriale italiana e per contribuire più di ogni altro a quel miracolo economico che ha collocato il nostro Paese tra le prime nazioni industriali del mondo. Inchinandomi reverente innanzi alle spoglie mortali del primo operaio della Fiat, so di interpretare il sentimento profondo della intera nazione.»

— Italian original from the message of condolence to the family, sent on 10 August 1967 by the president of the Italian Republic, Giuseppe Saragat

"The highest representative of a bourgeoisie promoting social conquests and well-being for the working class, development, and progress for the nation, dies with Vittorio Valletta. The serious and industrious atmosphere of Turin was congenial to him and from it he drew the inspiration and strength to make Fiat the leading Italian industrial company and to contribute more than any other to that economic miracle which placed our country among the first industrial nations of the world. Bowing reverently before the mortal remains of the first Fiat worker, I know I am interpreting the deep feeling of the entire nation."

— English translation from the message of condolence to the family, sent on 10 August 1967 by the president of the Italian Republic, Giuseppe Saragat

In July 2017, to commemorate the 60th year since his death,[20] the Italian Ministry of Economic Development issued a postage stamp in honour of Valletta.[18]

References

  1. ^ Bairati, Piero (1983). Valletta (PDF). La vita sociale della nuova Italia (in Italian). Vol. 32. Turin: UTET. pp. 4, 32. ISBN 88-02-03843-0. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Byterfly.
  2. ^ Bairati, Piero (1983). Valletta (PDF). La vita sociale della nuova Italia (in Italian). Vol. 32. Turin: UTET. pp. 3–4. ISBN 88-02-03843-0. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Byterfly.
  3. ^ Galli, Giancarlo (2003). Gli Agnelli. Il tramonto di una dinastia (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. pp. 75–76. ISBN 88-04-51768-9.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Rogliatti, Gianni (17 August 1967). Smith, Maurice A. (ed.). "News and views: Death of Vittorio Valletta". Autocar. 127. Vol. (nbr 3731). p. 48.
  5. ^ Tropea, Salvatore (7 February 1994). "I tristi destini di casa granata". La Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  6. ^ Galli, Giancarlo (27 August 2010). "FIAT. Il filo rosso mai spezzato fra gli Agnelli e il Palazzo". Avvenire (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  7. ^ Bairati, Piero (1983). Valletta (PDF). La vita sociale della nuova Italia (in Italian). Vol. 32. Turin: UTET. p. 236. ISBN 88-02-03843-0. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Byterfly.
  8. ^ Giacché, Vladimiro. "Cent'anni di improntitudine. Ascesa e caduta della FIAT". Proteo (in Italian) (2002–03). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  9. ^ * Delgado, Paolo (24 July 2018). "L'erede di Valletta? No, Valletta era un'altra cosa..." Il Dubbio (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  10. ^ a b Fiori, Simonetta (7 July 1999). "L'Italia vista dalla Fiat". La Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  11. ^ "Vittorio Valletta e la fabbrica" (in Italian). Museo Torino. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  12. ^ Amatori, Franco (2020). "Valletta, Vittorio". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian). Vol. 98. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Treccani.
  13. ^ Facciolo, Marco (9 February 2017). "Quando Valletta si nascose sulle colline del Monferrato". La Stampa (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  14. ^ Cazzullo, Aldo (30 May 2020). "Vittorio Valletta, torinese dimenticato". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  15. ^ Giva, Giorgio (10 August 2020). "Accadde oggi – Valletta, il capo della Fiat che avvicinò gli italiani all'auto". FIRSTonline (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  16. ^ Spotorno, Guglielmo (18 September 2019). "Castellucci come Valletta". Guglielmo Spotorno (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  17. ^ Carrubba, Salvatore; Castronovo, Valerio (2015). "Fra Stato e mercato" (PDF). 150 anni del Sole 24 ORE (PDF) (in Italian). Milan: Gruppo 24 Ore. p. 119. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  18. ^ a b Mola, Aldo A. (4 September 2017). "Vittorio Valletta il 'fratello' patriota". Pensa Libero (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  19. ^ Pace, Lanfranco (16 November 2016). "L'operaio di successo". Il Foglio (in Italian). Retrieved 11 February 2023.
  20. ^ "Scheda Tecnica" (PDF). Il Postalista (in Italian). 4 July 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2023.

Bibliography

Further reading

  • Biagi, Enzo (1988). Dinastie. Gli Agnelli, i Rizzoli, i Ferruzzi-Gardini, i Lauro (in Italian). Milan: Mondadoti. ISBN 88-04-31718-3. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Internet Archive.
  • Castronovo, Valerio (1977). Giovanni Agnelli. La Fiat dal 1899 al 1945 (in Italian). Turin: Einaudi. ISBN 88-06-46847-2.
  • Fantauzzi, Vittorio; Todini, Roberto (2012). Principi, marchesi e conti... in sospeso. Valletta Fantauzzi: un ponte a cavallo di due secoli (in Italian). Orvieto: Intermedia. ISBN 978-88-67-86001-2.
  • Giacosa, Dante (2004) [1979]. (PDF) (in Italian). Milan: Automobilia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via FCA Group.
  • Mucchetti, Massimo (2004). Licenziare i padroni? (in Italian). Milan: Feltrinelli. ISBN 88-07-81819-1. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Google Books.
  • Musso, Stefano (1998). "La Fiat di Valletta. Impresa e lavoratori nella più grande concentrazione industriale d'Italia". In Tranfaglia, Nicola (ed.). Storia di Torino. Gli anni della Repubblica (in Italian). Vol. 9. Turin: Enaudi. pp. 229–285. ISBN 978-88-06-15173-7. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via Museo Torino.
  • Musso, Stefano (1999). "Il lungo miracolo economico. Industria, economia, società". In Tranfaglia, Nicola (ed.). Storia di Torino. Gli anni della Repubblica (in Italian). Vol. IX. Turin: Enaudi. pp. 49–100. ISBN 88-06-15173-8. Retrieved 11 February 2023 – via IRIS.
  • Oliva, Gianni (2014). Storia di Torino. Dalle origini ai giorni nostri (in Italian). Pordenone: Edizioni Biblioteca dell'Immagine. pp. 269–288. ISBN 978-88-6391-152-7.
  • Ori, Angiolo Silvio (1996). Storia di una dinastia: gli Agnelli e la Fiat (in Italian). Rome: Editori Riuniti. ISBN 88-35-94059-1.

External links

  Media related to Vittorio Valletta at Wikimedia Commons

  • Valletta, Vittorio Giuseppe at SIUSA Unified Information System for Archival Superintendencies
  • Vittorio Giuseppe Valletta at SAN – Portal of the Company Archives

May 19, 2023
vittorio, valletta, july, 1883, august, 1967, italian, industrialist, president, fiat, from, 1946, 1966, senator, lifevalletta, late, 1940smember, senate, republicin, office, november, 1966, august, 1967for, lifeappointed, bygiuseppe, saragatpersonal, detailsb. Vittorio Valletta 28 July 1883 10 August 1967 was an Italian industrialist and president of Fiat S p A from 1946 to 1966 Senator for lifeVittorio VallettaValletta in the late 1940sMember of the Senate of the RepublicIn office 28 November 1966 10 August 1967for lifeAppointed byGiuseppe SaragatPersonal detailsBornVittorio Giuseppe Valletta 1883 07 28 28 July 1883Sampierdarena ItalyDied10 August 1967 1967 08 10 aged 84 Pietrasanta ItalyPolitical partyIndependentSpouse s Carmela Manfrino 1906 1960 Felicita Dondo 1960 1967 ChildrenFede Valletta daughter Parent s Federico Valletta father Teresa Quadrio mother Alma materUniversity of TurinOccupationIndustrialistKnown forPresident of Fiat S p A Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Later life and death 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 Further reading 7 External linksEarly life EditBorn at Sampierdarena near Genoa he was the son of Federico Valletta of Brindisi origin Palermo 1856 Turin 1915 an officer of the Italian Royal Army and later an official in Turin of the Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane 1 His mother was Teresa Quadrio from Valtellina who belonged to a family of minor nobility 2 a prominent exponent of this family was the patriot Maurizio Quadrio 3 Valletta was a lecturer in economics before he joined Fiat in April 1921 4 As a result of his academic qualifications and background he was often known to colleagues and in the trade as The Professor Il Professore 4 5 Giovanni Agnelli the company s founder sought him as accountant Valletta was known to the Italian fascist regime for his social democratic ideas membership in Freemasonry and clandestine connections with exiled anti fascists in France including the future president of the Italian Republic Giuseppe Saragat 6 of whom he shared his reformist socialist views and was politically close to his post war Italian Democratic Socialist Party 7 Career EditValletta became Fiat director in 1928 and the company s CEO in 1939 8 9 In the upheavals that followed the collapse of Benito Mussolini s fascist regime Valletta found himself expelled from the company by the powerful trade unions that considered that he had been sympathetic to the National Fascist Party regime 4 10 he was later acquitted 11 While they shared mutual benefits in the field of war orders Fiat always maintained a line of independence from the Fascist regime s totalitarian aspirations 12 In his work about the Italian resistance Sergio Favretto s book argues that Fiat was actively involved alongside the resistance the company supplied vehicles and petrol made large sums available to support the movement and collaborated in the sabotage of war production in its own plants 13 In 1946 amid difficulties in the company s decision making Valletta was recalled and nominated as the company s president 4 He presided during two decades of the Italian economic miracle and rapid expansion as small Fiats proliferated on Italian streets and he lived out the injunction of Agnelli to make Fiat greater giving more working opportunities to the people and producing better and cheaper cars 4 Valletta wanted to bring American technology to Mirafiori and ensure that every Italian could buy a car starting with the Turin workers whom he described as excellent magnificent and talented 14 His corporate model was based on policy salary and particular attention to the needs of workers according to a model of corporate liberality which was defined by critics as Vallettian paternalism and contrasted to the participatory and enlightened model of Adriano Olivetti in Ivrea 15 Later life and death EditEven though he was on the side of the Western Bloc during the Cold War and confinement departments in which the most combative left wing workers were marginalized were established Valletta was suspected by American government representatives such as the anti communist abassador Clare Boothe Luce and the embassy s first secretary Clarence Durbrow of siding with the Italian Communist Party leader Palmiro Togliatti The anti communist Luce repeatedly pressured Valletta if he wanted to get work orders for his aircraft and vehicle departments to expel all communists from Fiat to which Valletta dismissed both the influence of the CGIL in Fiat and the danger of communism in Italy as overblown 10 In the 1950s Valletta was the sponsor of the Autostrada A1 nicknamed Autostrada del Sole Sun Motorway 16 In an interview to Il Messaggero he gave his support for what became known as the Organic centre left 17 He continued as chairman of Fiat until at the age of 83 he retired in April 1966 to be succeeded in that post by the founder s grandson Gianni Agnelli 4 Valletta was appointed senator for life in December 1966 Then Italian president Saragat s citation described Valletta as the first Fiat worker and one of the great men who most contributed to the Italian economic miracle and to the welfare of the country 4 Valletta died of cerebral hemorrhage at his villa in Le Focette near Pietrasanta in 1967 4 18 Along with Enrico Mattei he is regarded among the best Italian managers of the 20th century 19 Si spegne con Vittorio Valletta il piu alto rappresentante di una borghesia promotrice di conquiste sociali e benessere per la classe lavoratrice di sviluppo e progresso per la nazione L atmosfera seria e laboriosa di Torino gli fu congeniale e da essa trasse ispirazione e forza per fare della Fiat la massima impresa industriale italiana e per contribuire piu di ogni altro a quel miracolo economico che ha collocato il nostro Paese tra le prime nazioni industriali del mondo Inchinandomi reverente innanzi alle spoglie mortali del primo operaio della Fiat so di interpretare il sentimento profondo della intera nazione Italian original from the message of condolence to the family sent on 10 August 1967 by the president of the Italian Republic Giuseppe Saragat The highest representative of a bourgeoisie promoting social conquests and well being for the working class development and progress for the nation dies with Vittorio Valletta The serious and industrious atmosphere of Turin was congenial to him and from it he drew the inspiration and strength to make Fiat the leading Italian industrial company and to contribute more than any other to that economic miracle which placed our country among the first industrial nations of the world Bowing reverently before the mortal remains of the first Fiat worker I know I am interpreting the deep feeling of the entire nation English translation from the message of condolence to the family sent on 10 August 1967 by the president of the Italian Republic Giuseppe Saragat In July 2017 to commemorate the 60th year since his death 20 the Italian Ministry of Economic Development issued a postage stamp in honour of Valletta 18 References Edit Bairati Piero 1983 Valletta PDF La vita sociale della nuova Italia in Italian Vol 32 Turin UTET pp 4 32 ISBN 88 02 03843 0 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Byterfly Bairati Piero 1983 Valletta PDF La vita sociale della nuova Italia in Italian Vol 32 Turin UTET pp 3 4 ISBN 88 02 03843 0 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Byterfly Galli Giancarlo 2003 Gli Agnelli Il tramonto di una dinastia in Italian Milan Mondadori pp 75 76 ISBN 88 04 51768 9 a b c d e f g h Rogliatti Gianni 17 August 1967 Smith Maurice A ed News and views Death of Vittorio Valletta Autocar 127 Vol nbr 3731 p 48 Tropea Salvatore 7 February 1994 I tristi destini di casa granata La Repubblica in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Galli Giancarlo 27 August 2010 FIAT Il filo rosso mai spezzato fra gli Agnelli e il Palazzo Avvenire in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Bairati Piero 1983 Valletta PDF La vita sociale della nuova Italia in Italian Vol 32 Turin UTET p 236 ISBN 88 02 03843 0 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Byterfly Giacche Vladimiro Cent anni di improntitudine Ascesa e caduta della FIAT Proteo in Italian 2002 03 Retrieved 11 February 2023 Delgado Paolo 24 July 2018 L erede di Valletta No Valletta era un altra cosa Il Dubbio in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 a b Fiori Simonetta 7 July 1999 L Italia vista dalla Fiat La Repubblica in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Vittorio Valletta e la fabbrica in Italian Museo Torino Retrieved 11 February 2023 Amatori Franco 2020 Valletta Vittorio Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani in Italian Vol 98 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Treccani Facciolo Marco 9 February 2017 Quando Valletta si nascose sulle colline del Monferrato La Stampa in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Cazzullo Aldo 30 May 2020 Vittorio Valletta torinese dimenticato Corriere della Sera in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Giva Giorgio 10 August 2020 Accadde oggi Valletta il capo della Fiat che avvicino gli italiani all auto FIRSTonline in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Spotorno Guglielmo 18 September 2019 Castellucci come Valletta Guglielmo Spotorno in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Carrubba Salvatore Castronovo Valerio 2015 Fra Stato e mercato PDF 150 anni del Sole 24 ORE PDF in Italian Milan Gruppo 24 Ore p 119 Retrieved 11 February 2023 a b Mola Aldo A 4 September 2017 Vittorio Valletta il fratello patriota Pensa Libero in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Pace Lanfranco 16 November 2016 L operaio di successo Il Foglio in Italian Retrieved 11 February 2023 Scheda Tecnica PDF Il Postalista in Italian 4 July 2017 Retrieved 11 February 2023 Bibliography EditAgnelli Giovanni Romiti Cesare Carli Guido Colombo Colombo Dadda Luigi Ossola Rinaldo Pirelli Leopoldo 1993 Linea d orizzonte Scritti in onore di Vittorio Valletta nel centenario della nascita in Italian Turin Giovanni Agnelli Foundation pp XI 296 OCLC 1051211642 Archived from the original on 18 May 2019 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Byterfly a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint uses authors parameter link Further reading EditBiagi Enzo 1988 Dinastie Gli Agnelli i Rizzoli i Ferruzzi Gardini i Lauro in Italian Milan Mondadoti ISBN 88 04 31718 3 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Internet Archive Castronovo Valerio 1977 Giovanni Agnelli La Fiat dal 1899 al 1945 in Italian Turin Einaudi ISBN 88 06 46847 2 Fantauzzi Vittorio Todini Roberto 2012 Principi marchesi e conti in sospeso Valletta Fantauzzi un ponte a cavallo di due secoli in Italian Orvieto Intermedia ISBN 978 88 67 86001 2 Giacosa Dante 2004 1979 I miei 40 anni di progettazione alla Fiat PDF in Italian Milan Automobilia Archived from the original PDF on 4 March 2016 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via FCA Group Mucchetti Massimo 2004 Licenziare i padroni in Italian Milan Feltrinelli ISBN 88 07 81819 1 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Google Books Musso Stefano 1998 La Fiat di Valletta Impresa e lavoratori nella piu grande concentrazione industriale d Italia In Tranfaglia Nicola ed Storia di Torino Gli anni della Repubblica in Italian Vol 9 Turin Enaudi pp 229 285 ISBN 978 88 06 15173 7 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via Museo Torino Musso Stefano 1999 Il lungo miracolo economico Industria economia societa In Tranfaglia Nicola ed Storia di Torino Gli anni della Repubblica in Italian Vol IX Turin Enaudi pp 49 100 ISBN 88 06 15173 8 Retrieved 11 February 2023 via IRIS Oliva Gianni 2014 Storia di Torino Dalle origini ai giorni nostri in Italian Pordenone Edizioni Biblioteca dell Immagine pp 269 288 ISBN 978 88 6391 152 7 Ori Angiolo Silvio 1996 Storia di una dinastia gli Agnelli e la Fiat in Italian Rome Editori Riuniti ISBN 88 35 94059 1 External links Edit Media related to Vittorio Valletta at Wikimedia Commons Valletta Vittorio Giuseppe at SIUSA Unified Information System for Archival Superintendencies Vittorio Giuseppe Valletta at SAN Portal of the Company Archives Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vittorio Valletta amp oldid 1149563536, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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