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Virander Singh Chauhan

January 01, 1970

Virander Singh Chauhan is an Indian scientist[1] and a Rhodes Scholar[2] working in the fields of genetic engineering and biotechnology. He is known for his contributions to the development of a recombinant vaccine for malaria.[3][4][5] and for synthetic structural peptides with biological functions. He was honored by the Government of India in 2012 with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.[6][7] He is the present Chancellor of the Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management.[8]

Virander Singh Chauhan
Born3 March 1950 (1950-03-03) (age 74)
India
OccupationScientist
Years activeSince 1979
AwardsPadma Shri
Dr. MOT Iyengar Memorial Award
Ranbaxy Research Award
Om Prakash Bhasin Award
ICMR Basanti Devi Amir Chand Prize
Raj Kristo Dutt Memorial Award
BioSpectrum Person of the Year Award

Biography edit

Virander Singh Chauhan, born on 3 March 1950,[3] graduated in Chemistry (BSc) from the University of Delhi in 1969 and secured his post graduation (MSc) from the same university in 1971.[3][4][5] His career started as the faculty member of Chemistry at the St. Stephen's College, Delhi and continued his research at Delhi University.[9] In 1974, he obtained a Ph.D., after which he moved to Oxford University, on temporary leave from the college, on a Rhodes Scholarship where he stayed till 1977.[3][4][5] At Oxford he obtained his D.Phil. in chemistry[10] in 1977.On his return from Oxford, he resumed his duties at St. Stephen's College where he worked till 1979.[3] In between, he had a brief stay of one year as a post doctoral fellow at the University of Georgia during 1977-78.[4][5][9]

In 1979, Chauhan joined the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur as an Assistant Professor and returned to Delhi University in 1982 as the Reader of the Department of Chemistry.[5] In 1986, he was promoted as the Professor and worked there till 1988.[3][4][5][9] Resigning from the university, Chauhan joined the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), a non profit research organization under the aegis of United Nations Industrial Development Organization[11] as senior scientist and was entrusted the leadership of the workgroup involved in the research on Malaria. In 1998, he was appointed as the Director of the institute,[3][4] a post he held till 2014.[5][5] Besides academic achievements Chauhan was also an outstanding athlete who represented Delhi University and Oxford University in Athletics and Cross-Country running. Chauhan continued his research at ICGEB as a DBT distinguished biotechnology professor fellow, JC Bose fellow and Arturo Falaschi Fellow till the end of 2022.[12]

Positions edit

Virander Chauhan was the secretary of the Indian arm of Rhodes Scholarships UK and is a member of the selection committees of such as Inlaks, Felix and Dr. Manmohan Singh scholarships.[3] Chauhan has been on the selection committees for the last 42 years without a break.[13] A former president of the Society of Biological Chemists during 2009-2011, Chauhan is an elected member (1992) of all the three National Academies of Sciences including the Indian National Science Academy (INSA),National Academy of Sciences (NASI) and Indian Academy of Sciences (IAS)[12] as well as Guha Research Conference and The World Academy of Sciences TWAS.[3][4][9] He has served as the president of Indian Peptide Society and as a member of scientific institutions such as New York Academy of Sciences, American Society of Microbiology, Indian Biophysical Society and Indian Immunology Society.[4] [4] Chauhan was deeply involved in the establishment of several prestigious government funded institutions including Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB), National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (NIBMG), Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI). He has been the member of the governing council of the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Chairman of governing board of the L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI),[14] the International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN), the Inter-University Accelerator Centre (IUAC).

He has been a member of the executive councils of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi and the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) for their Indo-US Vaccine Action Programme.[4] He has also been a part of other initiatives by Department of Biotechnology, Rotaviral Diarrhoea Vaccine Product Development Project and Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Programme and has served as the part-time chairman of Bharat Immunologicals and Biologicals Corporation Limited, a vaccine manufacturing company under DBT.[4]

Chauhan has been associated with international bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) as the member of the Expert Advisory Panel on Vaccines and Biological Standards, International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) and Asia-Pacific International Molecular Biology Network (A-IMBN),[15] South Korea, as a member of their Technical Research Groups.[4] He has also been a part of the editorial boards of several national and international journals like International Journal of Biomedical Science,[16] Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology,[17] Journal of Peptide Science, Asian Biotechnology and Development Review,[18] Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences,[19] Indian Journal for Biochemistry and Biophysics,[20] Journal of Molecular Structure and The Open Vaccine Journal.[4][21][22] The Fruiteries of Immunology.

His many other national responsibilities include member of University Grants Commission (UGC)[12] for two terms, Acting Chairman of University Grants Commission (UGC) for one year (2017) as well as the Chairman of the Executive Council of the National Assessment and Accreditation Council[12] (NAAC), Government of India. Chauhan was also the Chairman of the Academic Committee of the 7th pay Commission, Government of India and was responsible for major reforms both at the UGC and NAAC. He is also an independent director of the Higher Education Financing Agency[23] (HEFA) since its inception. He is also the Chairman of the Governing Council of the Sun Pharma Research Foundation.

Legacy edit

Virander Chauhan was the leader of the workgroup engaged in the development of a vaccine during his early years in the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.[5] His team is known to have developed a recombinant vaccine,[9] the first time such vaccine developed entirely in India, which is now in its clinical trials stage.[3][4][5] His research has also assisted in the understanding of artemisinin and chloroquine, drugs used in the treatment of Malaria.[24][3][5][25] It is also reported to have helped in the development of high throughput screens for the discovery of drugs for Malaria.[4][5] He has also done research on conformationally defined Peptides, which is of significance for developing antibiotic peptides as well as anti-fibrillizing structures (anti amyloids) that may help in finding treatment protocols for diseases like HIV and Diabetes mellitus type 2.[3] The work has also led to the formation of nanostructures to be used as biomolecular delivery agents.[4][5]

Virander Singh Chauhan is known to have guided over 50 research students[3][9] and is credited with over 300 research papers, published in peer reviewed international journals.[3][9] His papers are also featured on known research databases such as Microsoft Academic Search,[26] PubFacts[27] and Pubget.[28] He has also delivered keynote addresses at many seminars and conferences,[29] workshops and convocations at several universities.

Awards and recognitions edit

Virander Chauhan, a Rhodes Scholar of 1974 and a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS),[4] received Dr. MOT Iyengar Memorial Award from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in 1995.[4] This was followed by Ranbaxy Research Award in 2001, Om Prakash Bhasin Award in 2002 and ICMR Basanti Devi Amir Chand Prize in 2003.[3][4] He is also a recipient of Raj Kristo Dutt Memorial Award of the Indian Science Congress Association in 2010 and the BioSpectrum Person of the Year Award in 2011.[3] In 2012, the Government of India awarded him the civilian honor of Padma Shri.[3][6] He also holds the Fellowships of Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India, and Indian Society for Parasitology.[4]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Profile on Vidwan Database". Vidwan Database. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  2. ^ "The Rhodes Trust". The Rhodes Trust. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Biotech Park" (PDF). Biotech Park. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "INSA Profile". INSA. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "ICGEB". ICGEB. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  6. ^ a b "Padma Shri" (PDF). Padma Shri. 2014. Retrieved November 11, 2014.
  7. ^ "TOI Padma". TOI Padma. 26 January 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  8. ^ "GITAM appoints Dr Virander Singh as new Chancellor". 6 August 2021.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g "Qatar Foundation". Qatar Foundation. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  10. ^ "Dr Virander Chauhan". ETI. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
  11. ^ "ICGEB Home". ICGEB Home. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  12. ^ a b c d "Virander S. Chauhan". ICGEB. 2020-06-16. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
  13. ^ "AWARDS AND HONOURS - YoungBites". youngbites.com. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
  14. ^ "Boards Of Management". www.lvpei.org. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
  15. ^ "AIMBN". AIMBN. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  16. ^ "IJBS". IJBS. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  17. ^ "JBB". Scimagojr. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  18. ^ "ABDR". Scimagojr. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  19. ^ "PJBS". Scimagojr. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  20. ^ "IJBB". 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  21. ^ "TOV". TOV. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  22. ^ "INSA :: Indian Fellow Detail". insaindia.res.in. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
  23. ^ "About Us | HEFA". 2017-07-28. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
  24. ^ Pandey, A. V.; Tekwani, B. L.; Singh, R. L.; Chauhan, V. S. (1999-07-02). "Artemisinin, an endoperoxide antimalarial, disrupts the hemoglobin catabolism and heme detoxification systems in malarial parasite". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (27): 19383–19388. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.27.19383. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10383451.
  25. ^ Pandey, A. V.; Bisht, H.; Babbarwal, V. K.; Srivastava, J.; Pandey, K. C.; Chauhan, V. S. (2001-04-15). "Mechanism of malarial haem detoxification inhibition by chloroquine". The Biochemical Journal. 355 (Pt 2): 333–338. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3550333. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1221743. PMID 11284719.
  26. ^ "Microsoft Academic Search". Microsoft Academic Search. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  27. ^ "PubFacts". PubFacts. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  28. ^ "PubGet". PubGet. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  29. ^ "Keynote address" (PDF). NIPER. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.

Further reading edit

  • Moro L, Bardají A, Nhampossa T, Mandomando I, Serra-Casas E, Sigaúque B, Cisteró P, Chauhan VS, Chitnis CE, Ordi J, Dobaño C, Alonso PL, Menéndez C, Mayor A (September 2014). "Malaria and HIV Infection in Mozambican Pregnant Women Are Associated With Reduced Transfer of Antimalarial Antibodies to Their Newborns". J Infect Dis. 211 (6): 1004–14. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu547. hdl:2445/99564. PMID 25271267.
  • Panda JJ, Varshney A, Chauhan VS (June 2013). "Self-assembled nanoparticles based on modified cationic dipeptides and DNA: novel systems for gene delivery". Journal of Nanobiotechnology. 11 (18): 18. doi:10.1186/1477-3155-11-18. PMC 3707807. PMID 23800286.
  • Gaur D, Chauhan VS (June 2013). "Current status of malaria vaccines". Indian J Pediatr. 80 (6): 441–3. doi:10.1007/s12098-013-1031-x. PMID 23604615. S2CID 32668560.
  • "Breath test by Indian scientists promises faster diagnosis of TB". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

External links edit

  • "Civil Investiture Ceremony - Padma Shri". Video. YouTube. 4 April 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2014.
  • "Listing on PubFacts". PubFacts. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  • "Listing on Microsoft Academic Search". Microsoft Academic Search. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.
  • "Listing on PubGet". PubGet. 2014. Retrieved December 11, 2014.


January 01, 1970
virander, singh, chauhan, indian, scientist, rhodes, scholar, working, fields, genetic, engineering, biotechnology, known, contributions, development, recombinant, vaccine, malaria, synthetic, structural, peptides, with, biological, functions, honored, governm. Virander Singh Chauhan is an Indian scientist 1 and a Rhodes Scholar 2 working in the fields of genetic engineering and biotechnology He is known for his contributions to the development of a recombinant vaccine for malaria 3 4 5 and for synthetic structural peptides with biological functions He was honored by the Government of India in 2012 with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri 6 7 He is the present Chancellor of the Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management 8 Virander Singh ChauhanBorn3 March 1950 1950 03 03 age 74 IndiaOccupationScientistYears activeSince 1979AwardsPadma ShriDr MOT Iyengar Memorial AwardRanbaxy Research AwardOm Prakash Bhasin AwardICMR Basanti Devi Amir Chand PrizeRaj Kristo Dutt Memorial AwardBioSpectrum Person of the Year Award Contents 1 Biography 2 Positions 3 Legacy 4 Awards and recognitions 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksBiography editVirander Singh Chauhan born on 3 March 1950 3 graduated in Chemistry BSc from the University of Delhi in 1969 and secured his post graduation MSc from the same university in 1971 3 4 5 His career started as the faculty member of Chemistry at the St Stephen s College Delhi and continued his research at Delhi University 9 In 1974 he obtained a Ph D after which he moved to Oxford University on temporary leave from the college on a Rhodes Scholarship where he stayed till 1977 3 4 5 At Oxford he obtained his D Phil in chemistry 10 in 1977 On his return from Oxford he resumed his duties at St Stephen s College where he worked till 1979 3 In between he had a brief stay of one year as a post doctoral fellow at the University of Georgia during 1977 78 4 5 9 In 1979 Chauhan joined the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur as an Assistant Professor and returned to Delhi University in 1982 as the Reader of the Department of Chemistry 5 In 1986 he was promoted as the Professor and worked there till 1988 3 4 5 9 Resigning from the university Chauhan joined the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ICGEB a non profit research organization under the aegis of United Nations Industrial Development Organization 11 as senior scientist and was entrusted the leadership of the workgroup involved in the research on Malaria In 1998 he was appointed as the Director of the institute 3 4 a post he held till 2014 5 5 Besides academic achievements Chauhan was also an outstanding athlete who represented Delhi University and Oxford University in Athletics and Cross Country running Chauhan continued his research at ICGEB as a DBT distinguished biotechnology professor fellow JC Bose fellow and Arturo Falaschi Fellow till the end of 2022 12 Positions editVirander Chauhan was the secretary of the Indian arm of Rhodes Scholarships UK and is a member of the selection committees of such as Inlaks Felix and Dr Manmohan Singh scholarships 3 Chauhan has been on the selection committees for the last 42 years without a break 13 A former president of the Society of Biological Chemists during 2009 2011 Chauhan is an elected member 1992 of all the three National Academies of Sciences including the Indian National Science Academy INSA National Academy of Sciences NASI and Indian Academy of Sciences IAS 12 as well as Guha Research Conference and The World Academy of Sciences TWAS 3 4 9 He has served as the president of Indian Peptide Society and as a member of scientific institutions such as New York Academy of Sciences American Society of Microbiology Indian Biophysical Society and Indian Immunology Society 4 4 Chauhan was deeply involved in the establishment of several prestigious government funded institutions including Translational Health Science and Technology Institute THSTI Regional Centre for Biotechnology RCB National Institute of Biomedical Genomics NIBMG Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics CDFD National Agri Food Biotechnology Institute NABI He has been the member of the governing council of the MS Swaminathan Research Foundation MSSRF the Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics IUCAA Chairman of governing board of the L V Prasad Eye Institute LVPEI 14 the International Clinical Epidemiology Network INCLEN the Inter University Accelerator Centre IUAC He has been a member of the executive councils of Jawaharlal Nehru University Delhi and the Department of Biotechnology DBT for their Indo US Vaccine Action Programme 4 He has also been a part of other initiatives by Department of Biotechnology Rotaviral Diarrhoea Vaccine Product Development Project and Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Programme and has served as the part time chairman of Bharat Immunologicals and Biologicals Corporation Limited a vaccine manufacturing company under DBT 4 Chauhan has been associated with international bodies such as the World Health Organization WHO as the member of the Expert Advisory Panel on Vaccines and Biological Standards International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology IUBMB and Asia Pacific International Molecular Biology Network A IMBN 15 South Korea as a member of their Technical Research Groups 4 He has also been a part of the editorial boards of several national and international journals like International Journal of Biomedical Science 16 Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 17 Journal of Peptide Science Asian Biotechnology and Development Review 18 Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 19 Indian Journal for Biochemistry and Biophysics 20 Journal of Molecular Structure and The Open Vaccine Journal 4 21 22 The Fruiteries of Immunology His many other national responsibilities include member of University Grants Commission UGC 12 for two terms Acting Chairman of University Grants Commission UGC for one year 2017 as well as the Chairman of the Executive Council of the National Assessment and Accreditation Council 12 NAAC Government of India Chauhan was also the Chairman of the Academic Committee of the 7th pay Commission Government of India and was responsible for major reforms both at the UGC and NAAC He is also an independent director of the Higher Education Financing Agency 23 HEFA since its inception He is also the Chairman of the Governing Council of the Sun Pharma Research Foundation Legacy editVirander Chauhan was the leader of the workgroup engaged in the development of a vaccine during his early years in the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 5 His team is known to have developed a recombinant vaccine 9 the first time such vaccine developed entirely in India which is now in its clinical trials stage 3 4 5 His research has also assisted in the understanding of artemisinin and chloroquine drugs used in the treatment of Malaria 24 3 5 25 It is also reported to have helped in the development of high throughput screens for the discovery of drugs for Malaria 4 5 He has also done research on conformationally defined Peptides which is of significance for developing antibiotic peptides as well as anti fibrillizing structures anti amyloids that may help in finding treatment protocols for diseases like HIV and Diabetes mellitus type 2 3 The work has also led to the formation of nanostructures to be used as biomolecular delivery agents 4 5 Virander Singh Chauhan is known to have guided over 50 research students 3 9 and is credited with over 300 research papers published in peer reviewed international journals 3 9 His papers are also featured on known research databases such as Microsoft Academic Search 26 PubFacts 27 and Pubget 28 He has also delivered keynote addresses at many seminars and conferences 29 workshops and convocations at several universities Awards and recognitions editVirander Chauhan a Rhodes Scholar of 1974 and a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World TWAS 4 received Dr MOT Iyengar Memorial Award from the Indian Council of Medical Research ICMR in 1995 4 This was followed by Ranbaxy Research Award in 2001 Om Prakash Bhasin Award in 2002 and ICMR Basanti Devi Amir Chand Prize in 2003 3 4 He is also a recipient of Raj Kristo Dutt Memorial Award of the Indian Science Congress Association in 2010 and the BioSpectrum Person of the Year Award in 2011 3 In 2012 the Government of India awarded him the civilian honor of Padma Shri 3 6 He also holds the Fellowships of Indian Academy of Sciences National Academy of Sciences India and Indian Society for Parasitology 4 See also edit nbsp India portal Recombinant vaccine Malaria International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Academy of Agricultural SciencesReferences edit Profile on Vidwan Database Vidwan Database 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 The Rhodes Trust The Rhodes Trust 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Biotech Park PDF Biotech Park 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s INSA Profile INSA 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 a b c d e f g h i j k l ICGEB ICGEB 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 a b Padma Shri PDF Padma Shri 2014 Retrieved November 11 2014 TOI Padma TOI Padma 26 January 2012 Retrieved December 11 2014 GITAM appoints Dr Virander Singh as new Chancellor 6 August 2021 a b c d e f g Qatar Foundation Qatar Foundation 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Dr Virander Chauhan ETI Retrieved 2023 03 28 ICGEB Home ICGEB Home 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 a b c d Virander S Chauhan ICGEB 2020 06 16 Retrieved 2023 03 28 AWARDS AND HONOURS YoungBites youngbites com Retrieved 2023 03 28 Boards Of Management www lvpei org Retrieved 2023 04 02 AIMBN AIMBN 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 IJBS IJBS 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 JBB Scimagojr 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 ABDR Scimagojr 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 PJBS Scimagojr 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 IJBB 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 TOV TOV 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 INSA Indian Fellow Detail insaindia res in Retrieved 2023 03 28 About Us HEFA 2017 07 28 Retrieved 2023 03 28 Pandey A V Tekwani B L Singh R L Chauhan V S 1999 07 02 Artemisinin an endoperoxide antimalarial disrupts the hemoglobin catabolism and heme detoxification systems in malarial parasite The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 27 19383 19388 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 27 19383 ISSN 0021 9258 PMID 10383451 Pandey A V Bisht H Babbarwal V K Srivastava J Pandey K C Chauhan V S 2001 04 15 Mechanism of malarial haem detoxification inhibition by chloroquine The Biochemical Journal 355 Pt 2 333 338 doi 10 1042 0264 6021 3550333 ISSN 0264 6021 PMC 1221743 PMID 11284719 Microsoft Academic Search Microsoft Academic Search 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 PubFacts PubFacts 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 PubGet PubGet 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Keynote address PDF NIPER 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Further reading editMoro L Bardaji A Nhampossa T Mandomando I Serra Casas E Sigauque B Cistero P Chauhan VS Chitnis CE Ordi J Dobano C Alonso PL Menendez C Mayor A September 2014 Malaria and HIV Infection in Mozambican Pregnant Women Are Associated With Reduced Transfer of Antimalarial Antibodies to Their Newborns J Infect Dis 211 6 1004 14 doi 10 1093 infdis jiu547 hdl 2445 99564 PMID 25271267 Panda JJ Varshney A Chauhan VS June 2013 Self assembled nanoparticles based on modified cationic dipeptides and DNA novel systems for gene delivery Journal of Nanobiotechnology 11 18 18 doi 10 1186 1477 3155 11 18 PMC 3707807 PMID 23800286 Gaur D Chauhan VS June 2013 Current status of malaria vaccines Indian J Pediatr 80 6 441 3 doi 10 1007 s12098 013 1031 x PMID 23604615 S2CID 32668560 Breath test by Indian scientists promises faster diagnosis of TB a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help External links edit Civil Investiture Ceremony Padma Shri Video YouTube 4 April 2012 Retrieved December 1 2014 Listing on PubFacts PubFacts 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Listing on Microsoft Academic Search Microsoft Academic Search 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Listing on PubGet PubGet 2014 Retrieved December 11 2014 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Virander Singh Chauhan amp oldid 1223458770, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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