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Vasili III of Russia

January 27, 2024

In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions, the patronymic is Ivanovich.

Vasili III Ivanovich (Russian: Василий III Иванович; 25 March 1479 – 3 December 1533) was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1505 until his death in 1533.[1][2] He was the son of Ivan III and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil (Гавриил). Following on the ambitions of his predecessor Ivan, Vasili conquered Pskov, Ryazan and Smolensk as well as strengthening Russian influence in Kazan and to the Volga region. Several nobles were either exiled, sentenced or executed for criticizing his policies.

Vasili III
Sovereign of all Russia
Engraving by André Thevet, 1584
Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia
Reign6 November 1505 – 3 December 1533
Coronation14 April 1502
PredecessorIvan III
SuccessorIvan IV
Born25 March 1479
Moscow, Grand Principality of Moscow
Died3 December 1533(1533-12-03) (aged 54)
Moscow, Grand Principality of Moscow
Burial
Archangel Cathedral
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1505; div. 1525)​
​
(m. 1526)​
Issue
Names
Vasily Ivanovich
DynastyRurik
FatherIvan III of Russia
MotherSophia Paleologue
ReligionRussian Orthodox

Foreign affairs edit

 
Map of Moscovia published by Sigismund von Herberstein in 1549

Vasili III maintained the policies initiated by his father Ivan III, focusing much of his reign on consolidating the territorial gains achieved by Ivan. Vasili annexed the last surviving autonomous provinces: Pskov in 1510, appanage of Volokolamsk in 1513, principalities of Ryazan in 1521 and Novgorod-Seversky in 1522.

Vasili also took advantage of the difficult position of Sigismund of Poland to capture Smolensk, the great eastern fortress of Lithuania (siege started 1512, ended in 1514), chiefly through the aid of the rebel Lithuanian, Prince Mikhail Glinski, who provided him with artillery and engineers. The loss of Smolensk was an important injury inflicted by Russia on Lithuania in the course of the Russo-Lithuanian Wars and only the exigencies of Sigismund compelled him to acquiesce in its surrender (1522).[3]

In 1521 Vasili received an emissary of the neighboring Iranian Safavid Empire, sent by Shah Ismail I whose ambitions were to construct an Irano-Russian alliance against the common enemy, the Ottoman Empire.[4]

Vasili was equally successful against the Crimean Khanate. Although in 1519 he was obliged to buy off the Crimean khan, Mehmed I Giray, under the very walls of Moscow, towards the end of his reign he established Russian influence on the Volga. In 1531–32 he placed the pretender Cangali khan on the throne of Khanate of Kazan.[3]

Vasili was the first grand-duke of Moscow who adopted the title of tsar and the double-headed eagle of the Byzantine Empire.[3]

Domestic affairs edit

 
17th century depiction of Vasili III
 
St. Basil of Caesarea and prince Vasili III of Russia. Icon

Regarding internal policy, Vasili III enjoyed the support of the Church in his struggle with the feudal opposition. In 1521, metropolitan Varlaam was banished for refusing to participate in Vasili's fight against an appanage prince, Vasili Ivanovich Shemyachich. Rurikid princes Vasili Shuisky and Ivan Vorotynsky were also sent into exile. The diplomat and statesman, Ivan Bersen-Beklemishev, was executed in 1525 for criticizing Vasili's policies. Maximus the Greek (publicist), Vassian Patrikeyev (statesman) and others were sentenced for the same reason in 1525 and 1531. During the reign of Vasili III, the landownership of the gentry increased, while authorities actively tried to limit immunities and privileges of boyars and the nobility.

Family life edit

 
The Church of Ascension was built by Vasili III to commemorate the birth of his heir.

By 1526 when he was 47 years old, Vasili had been married to Solomonia Saburova for over 20 years with no heir to his throne being produced. Conscious of her husband's disappointment, Solomonia tried to remedy this by consulting sorcerers and going on pilgrimages. When this proved unsuccessful, Vasili consulted the boyars, announcing that he did not trust his two brothers to handle Russia's affairs.

The boyars suggested that he take a new wife, and despite much opposition from the clergy, he divorced his barren wife and married Princess Elena Glinskaya, the daughter of a Serbian princess and niece of his friend Michael Glinski. Not many of the boyars approved of his choice, as Elena was of Catholic upbringing. Vasili was so smitten that he defied Russian social norms and trimmed his beard to appear younger. After three days of matrimonial festivity, the couple consummated their marriage, though initially it appeared that Elena was as sterile as Solomonia. The Russian populace began to suspect this was a sign of God's disapproval of the marriage. However, to the great joy of Vasili and the populace, the new tsaritsa gave birth to a son, who would succeed him as Ivan IV. Three years later, a second son, Yuri, was born.[5] According to a story, Solomonia Saburova also bore a son in the convent where she had been confined, just several months after the controversial divorce.

He had three brothers: Yuri (born in 1480), Simeon (born in 1487) and Andrei (born in 1490), as well as five sisters: Elena (born and died in 1474), Feodosiya (born and died in 1475), another Elena (born 1476), another Feodosiya (born 1485) and Eudoxia (born 1492).[5]

Death edit

Whilst out hunting on horseback near Volokolamsk, Vasili felt a great pain in his right hip, the result of an abscess. He was transported to the village of Kolp, where he was visited by two German doctors who were unable to stop the infection with conventional remedies. Believing that his time was short, Vasili requested to be returned to Moscow, where he was kept in the Saint Joseph Cathedral along the way. By 25 November 1533, Vasili reached Moscow and asked to be made a monk before dying. Taking on the name Varlaam, Vasili died at midnight, 3 December 1533.[5]

Ancestry edit

Vasili III in culture edit

Vasili was the subject of the opera Neprigozhaya by composer Ella Adayevskaya

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Filjushkin, Alexander (2008). Ivan the Terrible : a military history. London. ISBN 9781848325043.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ MacKenzie, David (2002). A history of Russia, the Soviet Union, and beyond (6th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. p. 115. ISBN 9780534586980.
  3. ^ a b c   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Basil s.v. Basil III.". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 468–469.
  4. ^ Relations between Tehran and Moscow, 1979–2014. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
  5. ^ a b c Troyat, Henri (1993). Ivan le terrible (in French). Flammarion. ISBN 2-08-064473-4.
Regnal titles
Preceded by Grand Prince of Moscow
1505–1533 		Succeeded by

January 27, 2024
vasili, russia, this, name, that, follows, eastern, slavic, naming, conventions, patronymic, ivanovich, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, russian, december, 2017, click, show, important, translation, instruction. In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming conventions the patronymic is Ivanovich You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian December 2017 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Russian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 2 304 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at ru Vasilij III see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ru Vasilij III to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Vasili III Ivanovich Russian Vasilij III Ivanovich 25 March 1479 3 December 1533 was Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1505 until his death in 1533 1 2 He was the son of Ivan III and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil Gavriil Following on the ambitions of his predecessor Ivan Vasili conquered Pskov Ryazan and Smolensk as well as strengthening Russian influence in Kazan and to the Volga region Several nobles were either exiled sentenced or executed for criticizing his policies Vasili IIISovereign of all RussiaEngraving by Andre Thevet 1584Grand Prince of Moscow and all RussiaReign6 November 1505 3 December 1533Coronation14 April 1502PredecessorIvan IIISuccessorIvan IVBorn25 March 1479Moscow Grand Principality of MoscowDied3 December 1533 1533 12 03 aged 54 Moscow Grand Principality of MoscowBurialArchangel CathedralSpousesSolomonia Saburova m 1505 div 1525 wbr Elena Glinskaya m 1526 wbr IssueIvan IV of Russia Yuri VasilevichNamesVasily IvanovichDynastyRurikFatherIvan III of RussiaMotherSophia PaleologueReligionRussian Orthodox Contents 1 Foreign affairs 2 Domestic affairs 3 Family life 4 Death 5 Ancestry 6 Vasili III in culture 7 See also 8 ReferencesForeign affairs edit nbsp Map of Moscovia published by Sigismund von Herberstein in 1549Vasili III maintained the policies initiated by his father Ivan III focusing much of his reign on consolidating the territorial gains achieved by Ivan Vasili annexed the last surviving autonomous provinces Pskov in 1510 appanage of Volokolamsk in 1513 principalities of Ryazan in 1521 and Novgorod Seversky in 1522 Vasili also took advantage of the difficult position of Sigismund of Poland to capture Smolensk the great eastern fortress of Lithuania siege started 1512 ended in 1514 chiefly through the aid of the rebel Lithuanian Prince Mikhail Glinski who provided him with artillery and engineers The loss of Smolensk was an important injury inflicted by Russia on Lithuania in the course of the Russo Lithuanian Wars and only the exigencies of Sigismund compelled him to acquiesce in its surrender 1522 3 In 1521 Vasili received an emissary of the neighboring Iranian Safavid Empire sent by Shah Ismail I whose ambitions were to construct an Irano Russian alliance against the common enemy the Ottoman Empire 4 Vasili was equally successful against the Crimean Khanate Although in 1519 he was obliged to buy off the Crimean khan Mehmed I Giray under the very walls of Moscow towards the end of his reign he established Russian influence on the Volga In 1531 32 he placed the pretender Cangali khan on the throne of Khanate of Kazan 3 Vasili was the first grand duke of Moscow who adopted the title of tsar and the double headed eagle of the Byzantine Empire 3 Domestic affairs edit nbsp 17th century depiction of Vasili III nbsp St Basil of Caesarea and prince Vasili III of Russia IconRegarding internal policy Vasili III enjoyed the support of the Church in his struggle with the feudal opposition In 1521 metropolitan Varlaam was banished for refusing to participate in Vasili s fight against an appanage prince Vasili Ivanovich Shemyachich Rurikid princes Vasili Shuisky and Ivan Vorotynsky were also sent into exile The diplomat and statesman Ivan Bersen Beklemishev was executed in 1525 for criticizing Vasili s policies Maximus the Greek publicist Vassian Patrikeyev statesman and others were sentenced for the same reason in 1525 and 1531 During the reign of Vasili III the landownership of the gentry increased while authorities actively tried to limit immunities and privileges of boyars and the nobility Family life edit nbsp The Church of Ascension was built by Vasili III to commemorate the birth of his heir By 1526 when he was 47 years old Vasili had been married to Solomonia Saburova for over 20 years with no heir to his throne being produced Conscious of her husband s disappointment Solomonia tried to remedy this by consulting sorcerers and going on pilgrimages When this proved unsuccessful Vasili consulted the boyars announcing that he did not trust his two brothers to handle Russia s affairs The boyars suggested that he take a new wife and despite much opposition from the clergy he divorced his barren wife and married Princess Elena Glinskaya the daughter of a Serbian princess and niece of his friend Michael Glinski Not many of the boyars approved of his choice as Elena was of Catholic upbringing Vasili was so smitten that he defied Russian social norms and trimmed his beard to appear younger After three days of matrimonial festivity the couple consummated their marriage though initially it appeared that Elena was as sterile as Solomonia The Russian populace began to suspect this was a sign of God s disapproval of the marriage However to the great joy of Vasili and the populace the new tsaritsa gave birth to a son who would succeed him as Ivan IV Three years later a second son Yuri was born 5 According to a story Solomonia Saburova also bore a son in the convent where she had been confined just several months after the controversial divorce He had three brothers Yuri born in 1480 Simeon born in 1487 and Andrei born in 1490 as well as five sisters Elena born and died in 1474 Feodosiya born and died in 1475 another Elena born 1476 another Feodosiya born 1485 and Eudoxia born 1492 5 Death editWhilst out hunting on horseback near Volokolamsk Vasili felt a great pain in his right hip the result of an abscess He was transported to the village of Kolp where he was visited by two German doctors who were unable to stop the infection with conventional remedies Believing that his time was short Vasili requested to be returned to Moscow where he was kept in the Saint Joseph Cathedral along the way By 25 November 1533 Vasili reached Moscow and asked to be made a monk before dying Taking on the name Varlaam Vasili died at midnight 3 December 1533 5 Ancestry editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed April 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Vasili III of Russia8 Vasiliy I Dmitriyevich of Moscow4 Vasily II Vasiliyevich of Moscow9 Sophia of Lithuania2 Ivan III Vasilevich of Moscow10 Yaroslav Vladimirovich Prince of Serpukhov Borovsk and Maloyaroslavets5 Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk11 Maria Feodorovna Goltiayeva Koshkina1 Vasili III of Russia12 Manuel II Palaiologos6 Thomas Palaiologos13 Helena Dragas3 Zoe Palaiologina14 Centurione II Zaccaria7 Catherine Zaccaria15 Asenina PalaiologinaVasili III in culture editVasili was the subject of the opera Neprigozhaya by composer Ella AdayevskayaSee also editBibliography of Russian history 1223 1613 Rulers of Russia family treeReferences edit Filjushkin Alexander 2008 Ivan the Terrible a military history London ISBN 9781848325043 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link MacKenzie David 2002 A history of Russia the Soviet Union and beyond 6th ed Belmont CA Wadsworth Thomson Learning p 115 ISBN 9780534586980 a b c nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Bain Robert Nisbet 1911 Basil s v Basil III In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 3 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 468 469 Relations between Tehran and Moscow 1979 2014 Retrieved 22 December 2014 a b c Troyat Henri 1993 Ivan le terrible in French Flammarion ISBN 2 08 064473 4 Regnal titlesPreceded byIvan III Grand Prince of Moscow1505 1533 Succeeded byIvan IV Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vasili III of Russia amp oldid 1197388480, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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