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Vadya

December 04, 2023

Vadya (Sanskrit: वाद्य, vādya), also called vadyaka or atodya, is one of the three components of sangita (musical performance arts), and refers to "instrumental music" in the Indian traditions.[1][5][6] The other two components of sangita are gita (vocal music, song) and nritya (dance, movement).[1][7][4] In the general sense, vadya means an instrument and the characteristic music they produce, sound, or play out.[8][9]

A vadya refers to instrument and the music they produce.[1][2] Above examples are found in the Natya Shastra.[3][4]

Indian musicology edit

The term vadya in the sense of "music, sounded, played, uttered" appears in Vedic literature such as the Aitareya Brahmana, and in early post-Vedic era Sanskrit texts such as the Natya Shastra, Panchatantra, Malvikagnimitra, and Kathasaritsagara.[5] These texts refer to the musician or instrumental performer as vadyadhara.[5] A stringed instrument is described with proportional lengths in Jaiminiya Brahmana and Aitareya Aranyaka, and these are compared to poetical meters.[10] The 17th-century text Sangita Darpana defines sangita (musical arts) as "gītam vādyam tathā nrityam trayan sangīta muchyate", meaning sangita comprises gīta (vocal music), vādya (instrumental music), and nritya (dance).[11]

Classification of instruments edit

See also: Musical instrument classification § Indian

Sanskrit literature describes four types of vadya:[4][6][12]

Ensembles and orchestras edit

The chapter 14 of the Saṅgītaśiromaṇi describes musical ensembles based on a collective performance of vadya instruments by musicians, and it calls such a band orchestra as a kutapa.[13]

Cultural exchange edit

The term vadya also appears in the Buddhist Sanskrit text Sukhavativyuha, influential in the Chinese and Japanese traditions, which Luis Gomez translates as "instrumental music".[14]

In Hindu-Javanese music tradition, vadya is called vaditra.[7] According to Roger Blench, most scholars consider the term valiha (a Madagascar tube zither instrument) to be rooted in the Sanskrit term vadya, reflecting a period of cultural exchange over the Indian Ocean.[15]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Lewis Rowell (2015). Music and Musical Thought in Early India. University of Chicago Press. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-226-73034-9.
  2. ^ Bigamudre Chaitanya Deva (1995). Indian Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 95–96. ISBN 978-81-224-0730-3.
  3. ^ Rachel Van M. Baumer; James R. Brandon (1993). Sanskrit Drama in Performance. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 117–118. ISBN 978-81-208-0772-3.
  4. ^ a b c Alison Arnold; Bruno Nettl (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia : the Indian subcontinent. Taylor & Francis. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-0-8240-4946-1.
  5. ^ a b c Monier Monier-Williams, Sanskrit-English Dictionary with Etymology, Oxford University Press, page 940
  6. ^ a b Dilip Ranjan Barthakur (2003). The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India. Mittal Publications. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-81-7099-881-5.
  7. ^ a b Jaap Kunst (2013). Hindu-Javanese Musical Instruments. Springer Science. pp. 88 with footnote 26. ISBN 978-94-011-9185-2.
  8. ^ Lewis Rowell (2015). Music and Musical Thought in Early India. University of Chicago Press. pp. 113–114. ISBN 978-0-226-73034-9.
  9. ^ Mandakranta Bose (2012). Movement and Mimesis: The Idea of Dance in the Sanskritic Tradition. Springer Science. p. 57. ISBN 978-94-011-3594-8.
  10. ^ Emmie te Nijenhuis (1992). Saṅgītaśiromaṇi: A Medieval Handbook of Indian Music. BRILL Academic. pp. 12–14. ISBN 90-04-09498-9.
  11. ^ Dona, Lasanthi Manaranjanie Kalinga (2012). "On the Therapeutic Aspects of Indian Classical Music". Musik-, Tanz- und Kunsttherapie. Hogrefe Publishing. 23 (1): 8–14. doi:10.1026/0933-6885/a000069.
  12. ^ Bonnie C. Wade (1987). Music in India: The Classical Traditions. Riverdale Company. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-913215-25-8.
  13. ^ Emmie Te Nijenhuis (1992). Saṅgītaśiromaṇi: A Medieval Handbook of Indian Music. BRILL Academic. pp. 524–525. ISBN 90-04-09498-9.
  14. ^ Luis Gómez (1996), The Land of Bliss: Sanskrit and Chinese Versions of the Sukhāvatīvyūha Sutras, University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 978-0-8248-1760-2, page 72 (verse 28.23)
  15. ^ Roger Blench (2014), Using Diverse Sources of Evidence for Reconstructing the Past History of Musical Exchanges in the Indian Ocean, African Archaeological Review, Volume 31, Issue 4 (December), pp 675–703

December 04, 2023
vadya, sanskrit, vādya, also, called, vadyaka, atodya, three, components, sangita, musical, performance, arts, refers, instrumental, music, indian, traditions, other, components, sangita, gita, vocal, music, song, nritya, dance, movement, general, sense, vadya. Vadya Sanskrit व द य vadya also called vadyaka or atodya is one of the three components of sangita musical performance arts and refers to instrumental music in the Indian traditions 1 5 6 The other two components of sangita are gita vocal music song and nritya dance movement 1 7 4 In the general sense vadya means an instrument and the characteristic music they produce sound or play out 8 9 A vadya refers to instrument and the music they produce 1 2 Above examples are found in the Natya Shastra 3 4 Contents 1 Indian musicology 1 1 Classification of instruments 1 2 Ensembles and orchestras 2 Cultural exchange 3 See also 4 ReferencesIndian musicology editThe term vadya in the sense of music sounded played uttered appears in Vedic literature such as the Aitareya Brahmana and in early post Vedic era Sanskrit texts such as the Natya Shastra Panchatantra Malvikagnimitra and Kathasaritsagara 5 These texts refer to the musician or instrumental performer as vadyadhara 5 A stringed instrument is described with proportional lengths in Jaiminiya Brahmana and Aitareya Aranyaka and these are compared to poetical meters 10 The 17th century text Sangita Darpana defines sangita musical arts as gitam vadyam tatha nrityam trayan sangita muchyate meaning sangita comprises gita vocal music vadya instrumental music and nritya dance 11 Classification of instruments edit See also Musical instrument classification Indian Sanskrit literature describes four types of vadya 4 6 12 Tantu stringed musical instrument chordophone Susira hollow musical instrument aerophone Ghana solid musical instrument idiophone Avanaddha covered musical instrument membranophone Ensembles and orchestras edit The chapter 14 of the Saṅgitasiromaṇi describes musical ensembles based on a collective performance of vadya instruments by musicians and it calls such a band orchestra as a kutapa 13 Cultural exchange editThe term vadya also appears in the Buddhist Sanskrit text Sukhavativyuha influential in the Chinese and Japanese traditions which Luis Gomez translates as instrumental music 14 In Hindu Javanese music tradition vadya is called vaditra 7 According to Roger Blench most scholars consider the term valiha a Madagascar tube zither instrument to be rooted in the Sanskrit term vadya reflecting a period of cultural exchange over the Indian Ocean 15 See also editIndian classical music List of Indian musical instruments Natya shastra Tala Udaka vadyaReferences edit a b c Lewis Rowell 2015 Music and Musical Thought in Early India University of Chicago Press p 13 ISBN 978 0 226 73034 9 Bigamudre Chaitanya Deva 1995 Indian Music Taylor amp Francis pp 95 96 ISBN 978 81 224 0730 3 Rachel Van M Baumer James R Brandon 1993 Sanskrit Drama in Performance Motilal Banarsidass pp 117 118 ISBN 978 81 208 0772 3 a b c Alison Arnold Bruno Nettl 2000 The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music South Asia the Indian subcontinent Taylor amp Francis pp 19 20 ISBN 978 0 8240 4946 1 a b c Monier Monier Williams Sanskrit English Dictionary with Etymology Oxford University Press page 940 a b Dilip Ranjan Barthakur 2003 The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India Mittal Publications pp 3 4 ISBN 978 81 7099 881 5 a b Jaap Kunst 2013 Hindu Javanese Musical Instruments Springer Science pp 88 with footnote 26 ISBN 978 94 011 9185 2 Lewis Rowell 2015 Music and Musical Thought in Early India University of Chicago Press pp 113 114 ISBN 978 0 226 73034 9 Mandakranta Bose 2012 Movement and Mimesis The Idea of Dance in the Sanskritic Tradition Springer Science p 57 ISBN 978 94 011 3594 8 Emmie te Nijenhuis 1992 Saṅgitasiromaṇi A Medieval Handbook of Indian Music BRILL Academic pp 12 14 ISBN 90 04 09498 9 Dona Lasanthi Manaranjanie Kalinga 2012 On the Therapeutic Aspects of Indian Classical Music Musik Tanz und Kunsttherapie Hogrefe Publishing 23 1 8 14 doi 10 1026 0933 6885 a000069 Bonnie C Wade 1987 Music in India The Classical Traditions Riverdale Company p 88 ISBN 978 0 913215 25 8 Emmie Te Nijenhuis 1992 Saṅgitasiromaṇi A Medieval Handbook of Indian Music BRILL Academic pp 524 525 ISBN 90 04 09498 9 Luis Gomez 1996 The Land of Bliss Sanskrit and Chinese Versions of the Sukhavativyuha Sutras University of Hawaii Press ISBN 978 0 8248 1760 2 page 72 verse 28 23 Roger Blench 2014 Using Diverse Sources of Evidence for Reconstructing the Past History of Musical Exchanges in the Indian Ocean African Archaeological Review Volume 31 Issue 4 December pp 675 703 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vadya amp oldid 1168731311, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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