VSM-1 (Russian: ВСМ-1—Вертолетная Система Минирования-1) is a Soviet helicopter-based remote mining system. It can be mounted on various variants of the Mil Mi-8 helicopter, particularly the Mi-8T and Mi-8MT. It is capable of deploying a range of high explosive and fragmentation mines.[1][2][3]
A Mi-8MT helicopter with a VSM-1 minelaying device of the Russian Air Force.
The system was developed by the State Research Engineering Institute (ГНИИИ) and was manufactured by the Kazan Helicopter Production Association, which was renamed to Kazan Helicopters in 1993. It is still being produced and used today by the Russian Armed Forces.[4]
The VSM-1 system is made up of 4 containers, a PUM-1V (Russian:ПУМ-1В) control panel, a PKPI-1 (Russian:ПКПИ-1) control device, a PP-1V (Russian:ПП-1В) electronics test panel and a container lifting & suspension system.[2][5]
Depending on the configuration, a Mi-8 equipped with VSM-1 can spray from 116 to 8352 mines in under a minute.[2] This allows the creation of minefields with a density ranging from one mine per 5-6 square meters to several mines per meter, depending on the helicopter's altitude.[3]
Useedit
A Russian Air Force service member loading KSO-1 cassettes into the VSM-1 minelaying system.
Generally, the helicopter crew performs the mining from an altitude of 30-150 meters, at speeds of 150-220 km/h.[1][2] Depending on the type of mines loaded in the system, VSM-1 allows the mining of areas of 400-2000 meters in length, with a width of 15-60 meters.[1][2][3] The mines are commonly used in tandem with bombing runs, preventing the enemy from properly navigating the ruins, resulting in more effective mine use.[3]
The VSM-1, along with other minelaying systems like the BMR-2 (Russian: БМР-2), saw extensive use in the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan. As a result, more than a million mines were dispensed across the territory of Afghanistan.[3][9]
Raid in Jalalabadedit
The mission was carried out in December 1981 and involved mining trails and passes on the border of Afghanistan with Pakistan. It was carried by two Mi-8MT helicopters of the 335th OBVP (from Rus. Otdelʹnyy Boevoy Vertolëtnyy Polk) helicopter combat regiment, escorted by two Mi-24B attack helicopters. However, the mission was led by a senior navigator of the Air Force of the 40th Army, who arrived from Kabul, and was unfamiliar with the area. He guided the helicopter's crew over the border with Pakistan and ordered the mines to be dropped there, essentially mining the territory of Pakistan. The helicopter crew realized their mistake as soon as they saw railroads, which were not present in Afghanistan at that time.[3]
^ abc"Минирование. Сайт Министерства Обороны РФ". Russian MoD (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
^ abcdefghijkСредства Механизации Минирования (in Russian). Министерство Обороны СССР. 1980. pp. 194–229.
^ abcdefgМарковский, Виктор; Приходченко, Игорь (2022-04-16). Ми-8. Полвека в строю (in Russian). ISBN9785040040957.
^Годовой отчет АО "Казанский вертолетный завод" (in Russian), 2009
^ ab"INSTANT OBSTACLES: RUSSIAN REMOTELY DELIVERED MINES" (PDF). January 1996.
^"EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE GUIDE FOR UKRAINE" (PDF). GICHD. Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining. 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-02.
^Инженерные Боеприпасы. Руководство по материальной части и применению. Книга шестая (in Russian). г.Москва: Военное издательство министерства обороны СССР. 1988. pp. 13–21.
^Инженерные Боеприпасы. Руководство по материальной части и применению (in Russian) (5th ed.). г. Москва: Военное издательство министерства обороны СССР. 1987. pp. 4–8.
^Tanner, Stephen. "Afghanistan: A Military History".
April 12, 2024
mine, system, russian, ВСМ, Вертолетная, Система, Минирования, soviet, helicopter, based, remote, mining, system, mounted, various, variants, helicopter, particularly, capable, deploying, range, high, explosive, fragmentation, mines, helicopter, with, minelayi. VSM 1 Russian VSM 1 Vertoletnaya Sistema Minirovaniya 1 is a Soviet helicopter based remote mining system It can be mounted on various variants of the Mil Mi 8 helicopter particularly the Mi 8T and Mi 8MT It is capable of deploying a range of high explosive and fragmentation mines 1 2 3 A Mi 8MT helicopter with a VSM 1 minelaying device of the Russian Air Force The system was developed by the State Research Engineering Institute GNIII and was manufactured by the Kazan Helicopter Production Association which was renamed to Kazan Helicopters in 1993 It is still being produced and used today by the Russian Armed Forces 4 Contents 1 Action 2 Use 3 Specifications 4 Combat Use 4 1 Raid in Jalalabad 5 Operators 5 1 Former Operators 6 See also 7 NotesAction editThe VSM 1 system is made up of 4 containers a PUM 1V Russian PUM 1V control panel a PKPI 1 Russian PKPI 1 control device a PP 1V Russian PP 1V electronics test panel and a container lifting amp suspension system 2 5 Depending on the configuration a Mi 8 equipped with VSM 1 can spray from 116 to 8352 mines in under a minute 2 This allows the creation of minefields with a density ranging from one mine per 5 6 square meters to several mines per meter depending on the helicopter s altitude 3 Use edit nbsp A Russian Air Force service member loading KSO 1 cassettes into the VSM 1 minelaying system Generally the helicopter crew performs the mining from an altitude of 30 150 meters at speeds of 150 220 km h 1 2 Depending on the type of mines loaded in the system VSM 1 allows the mining of areas of 400 2000 meters in length with a width of 15 60 meters 1 2 3 The mines are commonly used in tandem with bombing runs preventing the enemy from properly navigating the ruins resulting in more effective mine use 3 Specifications editContainer size 2 1884x410x630 mm Weight 2 Loaded container 347 kg 765 lb Empty container 71 kg 157 lb Control panel 17 kg 37 lb Mines utilized by VSM 1 2 5 6 7 8 Cassette Mine Number Number in cassetteKSF 1 PFM 1 8352 72KSF 1S PFM 1S 7424 64KSF 1S 0 5 PFM 1 and PFM 1S 8352 4176 PFM1 amp 4176 PFM 1S 36 PFM 1 amp 36 PFM 1SKPTM 3 PTM 3 116 1KSO 1 POM 1 928 8KPOM 2 POM 2 464 4Minefield sizes up to 2 Anti tank 400 m 1 300 ft Anti personnel 4 000 m 13 000 ft Anti amphibious 1 500 m 4 900 ft Temperature range of use 2 40 to 40 C 40 to 104 F Average density of the minefield 2 High explosive 3 5 pcs m Fragmentation 0 2 0 3 pcs mCombat Use editThe VSM 1 along with other minelaying systems like the BMR 2 Russian BMR 2 saw extensive use in the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan As a result more than a million mines were dispensed across the territory of Afghanistan 3 9 Raid in Jalalabad edit The mission was carried out in December 1981 and involved mining trails and passes on the border of Afghanistan with Pakistan It was carried by two Mi 8MT helicopters of the 335th OBVP from Rus Otdelʹnyy Boevoy Vertoletnyy Polk helicopter combat regiment escorted by two Mi 24B attack helicopters However the mission was led by a senior navigator of the Air Force of the 40th Army who arrived from Kabul and was unfamiliar with the area He guided the helicopter s crew over the border with Pakistan and ordered the mines to be dropped there essentially mining the territory of Pakistan The helicopter crew realized their mistake as soon as they saw railroads which were not present in Afghanistan at that time 3 Operators edit nbsp RussiaFormer Operators edit nbsp Soviet Union 3 See also editPFM 1 Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan Organization for Mine Clearance and Afghan Rehabilitation PMN mine PTM 3 mineNotes edit a b c Minirovanie Sajt Ministerstva Oborony RF Russian MoD in Russian Retrieved 2022 08 01 a b c d e f g h i j k Sredstva Mehanizacii Minirovaniya in Russian Ministerstvo Oborony SSSR 1980 pp 194 229 a b c d e f g Markovskij Viktor Prihodchenko Igor 2022 04 16 Mi 8 Polveka v stroyu in Russian ISBN 9785040040957 Godovoj otchet AO Kazanskij vertoletnyj zavod in Russian 2009 a b INSTANT OBSTACLES RUSSIAN REMOTELY DELIVERED MINES PDF January 1996 EXPLOSIVE ORDNANCE GUIDE FOR UKRAINE PDF GICHD Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining 2022 Retrieved 2022 08 02 Inzhenernye Boepripasy Rukovodstvo po materialnoj chasti i primeneniyu Kniga shestaya in Russian g Moskva Voennoe izdatelstvo ministerstva oborony SSSR 1988 pp 13 21 Inzhenernye Boepripasy Rukovodstvo po materialnoj chasti i primeneniyu in Russian 5th ed g Moskva Voennoe izdatelstvo ministerstva oborony SSSR 1987 pp 4 8 Tanner Stephen Afghanistan A Military History Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title VSM 1 mine system amp oldid 1177309277, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
