Cassiopea (upside-down jellyfish) is a genus of true jellyfish and members of the family Cassiopeidae.[3] They are found in warmer coastal regions around the world, including shallow mangrove swamps, mudflats, canals, and turtle grass flats in Florida, the Caribbean and Micronesia. The medusa usually lives upside-down on the sea floor in shallow areas, which has earned them their common name. These jellyfish partake in a symbiotic relationship with photosyntheticdinoflagellates and therefore, must lie upside-down in areas with sufficient light penetration to fuel their energy source.[4] Where found, there may be numerous individuals with varying shades of white, blue, green and brown.
Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow, 1892—Caribbean Sea and the Northern Atlantic Area of the West indies
Defense systemedit
Cassiopea species have a mild sting since they are primarily photosynthetic, but sensitive individuals may have a stronger reaction. The photosynthesis occurs because, like most corals, they host zooxanthellae in their tissues.[6] The stinging cells are also found in cellular masses, dubbed "cassiosomes", excreted in a mucus; people swimming near the jellyfish may come in contact with these cassiosomes and be stung.[7][8] The stings, appearing in the form of a red rash-like skin irritation, are known for being extraordinarily itchy. Sometimes this jellyfish is picked up by the crabDorippe frascone and carried on its back[citation needed]. The crab uses the jellyfish to defend itself against possible predators.
Behavioredit
Certain species of Cassiopea have been observed to enter a sleep state - exhibiting decreased pulsation rate, reduced responsiveness to stimuli, and compensatory rebound sleep after deprivation.[9] They are the first animals with no central nervous system to have been observed sleeping.[10]
Cassiopea Species Distribution Map
Referencesedit
^IRMNG (2021). Cassiopeia Gistl, 1848. Accessed on 2023-05-29.
^IRMNG (2021). Cassiopeja Schultze, 1898. Accessed on 2023-05-29.
^Ohdera Aki H.; Abrams Michael J.; Ames Cheryl L.; Baker David M.; Suescún-Bolívar Luis P.; Collins Allen G.; Freeman Christopher J.; Gamero-Mora Edgar; Goulet Tamar L.; Hofmann Dietrich K.; Jaimes-Becerra Adrian; Long Paul F.; Marques Antonio C.; Miller Laura A.; Mydlarz Laura D.; Morandini Andre C.; Newkirk Casandra R.; Putri Sastia P.; Samson Julia E.; Stampar Sérgio N.; Steinworth Bailey; Templeman Michelle; Thomé Patricia E.; Vlok Marli; Woodley Cheryl M.; Wong Jane C.Y.; Martindale Mark Q.; Fitt William K.; Medina Mónica (2018). "Upside-Down but Headed in the Right Direction: Review of the Highly Versatile Cassiopea xamachana System". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 6: 35. doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.00035. hdl:11449/176281.
Photo of a Crab carrying an Upside Down Jellyfish (Cassiopea andromeda)
Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum entry on Cassiopea andromeda
A Symbiotic Lifestyle: C. xamachana and Zooxanthellae
January 01, 1970
cassiopea, confused, with, cassiopeia, disambiguation, upside, down, jellyfish, genus, true, jellyfish, members, family, cassiopeidae, they, found, warmer, coastal, regions, around, world, including, shallow, mangrove, swamps, mudflats, canals, turtle, grass, . Not to be confused with Cassiopeia disambiguation Cassiopea upside down jellyfish is a genus of true jellyfish and members of the family Cassiopeidae 3 They are found in warmer coastal regions around the world including shallow mangrove swamps mudflats canals and turtle grass flats in Florida the Caribbean and Micronesia The medusa usually lives upside down on the sea floor in shallow areas which has earned them their common name These jellyfish partake in a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic dinoflagellates and therefore must lie upside down in areas with sufficient light penetration to fuel their energy source 4 Where found there may be numerous individuals with varying shades of white blue green and brown Cassiopea Cassiopea sp Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Cnidaria Class Scyphozoa Order Rhizostomeae Family CassiopeidaeAgassiz 1862 Genus CassiopeaPeron amp Lesueur 1809 Species 8 species see text Synonyms Cassiopeia Gistl 1848 1 Cassiopeja Schultze 1898 2 Cassiopea sp in seaweed Contents 1 Species 2 Defense system 3 Behavior 4 References 5 External linksSpecies editAccording to the World Register of Marine Species this genus includes 8 species 5 Cassiopea andromeda Forsskal 1775 Indo Pacific introduced in the Mediterranean Cassiopea depressa Haeckel 1880 Western Indian Ocean off the African coast Cassiopea frondosa Pallas 1774 Western Atlantic Caribbean Sea Cassiopea maremetens Gershwin Zeidler amp Davie 2010 Western Pacific Ocean off the Australian Coast Cassiopea medusa Light 1914 Pacific Ocean Philippines and Palau Region Cassiopea mertensi Brandt 1838 Pacific Ocean Southern Micronesia Cassiopea ndrosia Agassiz amp Mayer 1899 Pacific Ocean Australia and Fiji Cassiopea ornata Haeckel 1880 Pacific Ocean Palau Philippines Okinawa Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow 1892 Caribbean Sea and the Northern Atlantic Area of the West indiesDefense system editCassiopea species have a mild sting since they are primarily photosynthetic but sensitive individuals may have a stronger reaction The photosynthesis occurs because like most corals they host zooxanthellae in their tissues 6 The stinging cells are also found in cellular masses dubbed cassiosomes excreted in a mucus people swimming near the jellyfish may come in contact with these cassiosomes and be stung 7 8 The stings appearing in the form of a red rash like skin irritation are known for being extraordinarily itchy Sometimes this jellyfish is picked up by the crab Dorippe frascone and carried on its back citation needed The crab uses the jellyfish to defend itself against possible predators Behavior editCertain species of Cassiopea have been observed to enter a sleep state exhibiting decreased pulsation rate reduced responsiveness to stimuli and compensatory rebound sleep after deprivation 9 They are the first animals with no central nervous system to have been observed sleeping 10 nbsp Cassiopea Species Distribution MapReferences edit IRMNG 2021 Cassiopeia Gistl 1848 Accessed on 2023 05 29 IRMNG 2021 Cassiopeja Schultze 1898 Accessed on 2023 05 29 Cassiopeidae WoRMS World Register of Marine Species Retrieved 3 August 2012 Ohdera Aki H Abrams Michael J Ames Cheryl L Baker David M Suescun Bolivar Luis P Collins Allen G Freeman Christopher J Gamero Mora Edgar Goulet Tamar L Hofmann Dietrich K Jaimes Becerra Adrian Long Paul F Marques Antonio C Miller Laura A Mydlarz Laura D Morandini Andre C Newkirk Casandra R Putri Sastia P Samson Julia E Stampar Sergio N Steinworth Bailey Templeman Michelle Thome Patricia E Vlok Marli Woodley Cheryl M Wong Jane C Y Martindale Mark Q Fitt William K Medina Monica 2018 Upside Down but Headed in the Right Direction Review of the Highly Versatile Cassiopea xamachana System Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 6 35 doi 10 3389 fevo 2018 00035 hdl 11449 176281 Cassiopea WoRMS World Register of Marine Species Retrieved 3 August 2012 Murphy Richard C 2002 Coral Reefs Cities Under The Sea Princeton New Jersey The Darwin Press ISBN 978 0 87850 138 0 Ames Cheryl L Klompen Anna M L Badhiwala Krishna Muffett Kade Reft Abigail J Kumar Mehr Janssen Jennie D Schultzhaus Janna N Field Lauren D Muroski Megan E Bezio Nick 2020 02 13 Cassiosomes are stinging cell structures in the mucus of the upside down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana Communications Biology 3 1 67 doi 10 1038 s42003 020 0777 8 ISSN 2399 3642 PMC 7018847 PMID 32054971 Stinging water mystery solved Jellyfish can sting swimmers prey with mucus grenades Phys org February 13 2020 Retrieved February 14 2020 The surprising ancient behavior of jellyfish EurekAlert Retrieved 22 September 2017 The Jellyfish Cassiopea Exhibits a Sleep like State Current biology 2017 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cassiopea nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Cassiopea Photo of a Crab carrying an Upside Down Jellyfish Cassiopea andromeda Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum entry on Cassiopea andromeda A Symbiotic Lifestyle C xamachana and Zooxanthellae Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cassiopea amp oldid 1210858848, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
