Uppland Runic Inscription 485 or U 485 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runestone that is located in Marma, which is about six kilometers northeast of Knivsta, Uppsala County, Sweden, which was in the historic province of Uppland.
U 485 in Marma has a signature with the full name of the runemaster Öpir.
This inscription consists of runic text in the younger futhark carved on a serpent or lindworm that circles a central area where it then becomes intertwined with a ribbon beast in the center. A Christian cross is near the top of the inscription. The granite runestone, which is 1.8 meters in height, was placed on its current base in 1925. It is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr5, which is also known as Urnes style. This runestone style is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns. The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond-shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks. This stone is considered to be a good example of an inscription in style Pr5.[1]
The inscription is signed with the runes ofaigr ybiʀ by the runemasterÖpir, who was active in the Uppland area in the late 11th and early 12th centuries. The first word in Old Norse is Ofæigʀ, which combines a negative prefix ó with feigr to mean "death bound" or "fated to die" but without any negative connotations intended,[2] thus making a name meaning "Not Doomed." This is the only runic inscription of Öpir with this first name, and it has been suggested that this was the given name of Öpir.[3] The name he used in his other surviving signed inscriptions was the sobriquet or nickname Öpir, which means "Shouter."[3]
The runic text states that the stone was raised by two brothers named Þrótti and Ingulfr as a memorial to their father Sigviðr and by a woman named Ingifastr to her husbandman. The name Ingifastr was carved in runes as inkifa=st, which uses a bind rune to combine an a-rune and an s-rune.[4] Another inscription which used a bind rune to combine these same two runes, which was also signed by Öpir, is the Varangian runestoneSö 308 from Vid Järnavägen.[4] Bind runes appear disproportionately in names in runic texts, and it has been suggested that they may have been sometimes used to draw attention to a name, similar to the way that initialcapital letters are used to start names in European languages today.[5]
Inscriptionedit
Transliteration of the runes into Latin charactersedit
þroti ' uk ' ingulfr ' litu ' rita stain ' iftiʀ ' sihuiþ ' faþur ' sin ' uk ' inkifa=st ' at ' bonta ' sin ' in ' ofaigr ' ybiʀ ' risti[6]
Transcription into Old Norseedit
Þrotti ok Ingulfʀ letu retta stæin æftiʀ Sigvið, faður sinn, ok Ingifast at bonda sinn. En Ofæigʀ/ofæigʀ Øpiʀ risti.[6]
Translation in Englishedit
Þrótti and Ingulfr had the stone erected in memory of Sigviðr, their father; and Ingifastr in memory of her husbandman. And Ófeigr / the not doomed Öpir carved.[6]
^Gräslund, Anne-Sofie (2006). "Dating the Swedish Viking Age Runestones on Stylistic Grounds". In Stoklund, Marie; Nielsen, Michael Lerche; et al. (eds.). Runes and Their Secrets: Studies in Runology. Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 124. ISBN87-635-0428-6.
^ abMacLeod, Mindy (2002). Bind-Runes: an Investigation of Ligatures in Runic Epigraphy. Uppsala Universitet: Institutionen för Nordiska Språk. p. 135. ISBN91-506-1534-3.
^MacLeod, Mindy (2006). "Ligatures in Early Runic and Roman Inscriptions". In Stoklund, Marie; Nielsen, Michael Lerche; et al. (eds.). Runes and Their Secrets: Studies in Runology. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 183–200. ISBN87-635-0428-6. p. 194-195.
^ abcProject Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk - Rundata entry for U 485.
uppland, runic, inscription, rundata, catalog, number, viking, memorial, runestone, that, located, marma, which, about, kilometers, northeast, knivsta, uppsala, county, sweden, which, historic, province, uppland, marma, signature, with, full, name, runemaster,. Uppland Runic Inscription 485 or U 485 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runestone that is located in Marma which is about six kilometers northeast of Knivsta Uppsala County Sweden which was in the historic province of Uppland U 485 in Marma has a signature with the full name of the runemaster Opir Contents 1 Description 2 Inscription 2 1 Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters 2 2 Transcription into Old Norse 2 3 Translation in English 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription editThis inscription consists of runic text in the younger futhark carved on a serpent or lindworm that circles a central area where it then becomes intertwined with a ribbon beast in the center A Christian cross is near the top of the inscription The granite runestone which is 1 8 meters in height was placed on its current base in 1925 It is classified as being carved in runestone style Pr5 which is also known as Urnes style This runestone style is characterized by slim and stylized animals that are interwoven into tight patterns The animal heads are typically seen in profile with slender almond shaped eyes and upwardly curled appendages on the noses and the necks This stone is considered to be a good example of an inscription in style Pr5 1 The inscription is signed with the runes ofaigr ybiʀ by the runemaster Opir who was active in the Uppland area in the late 11th and early 12th centuries The first word in Old Norse is Ofaeigʀ which combines a negative prefix o with feigr to mean death bound or fated to die but without any negative connotations intended 2 thus making a name meaning Not Doomed This is the only runic inscription of Opir with this first name and it has been suggested that this was the given name of Opir 3 The name he used in his other surviving signed inscriptions was the sobriquet or nickname Opir which means Shouter 3 The runic text states that the stone was raised by two brothers named THrotti and Ingulfr as a memorial to their father Sigvidr and by a woman named Ingifastr to her husbandman The name Ingifastr was carved in runes as inkifa st which uses a bind rune to combine an a rune and an s rune 4 Another inscription which used a bind rune to combine these same two runes which was also signed by Opir is the Varangian runestone So 308 from Vid Jarnavagen 4 Bind runes appear disproportionately in names in runic texts and it has been suggested that they may have been sometimes used to draw attention to a name similar to the way that initial capital letters are used to start names in European languages today 5 Inscription editTransliteration of the runes into Latin characters edit throti uk ingulfr litu rita stain iftiʀ sihuith fathur sin uk inkifa st at bonta sin in ofaigr ybiʀ risti 6 Transcription into Old Norse edit THrotti ok Ingulfʀ letu retta staein aeftiʀ Sigvid fadur sinn ok Ingifast at bonda sinn En Ofaeigʀ ofaeigʀ Opiʀ risti 6 Translation in English edit THrotti and Ingulfr had the stone erected in memory of Sigvidr their father and Ingifastr in memory of her husbandman And ofeigr the not doomed Opir carved 6 See also editList of runestonesReferences edit Graslund Anne Sofie 2006 Dating the Swedish Viking Age Runestones on Stylistic Grounds In Stoklund Marie Nielsen Michael Lerche et al eds Runes and Their Secrets Studies in Runology Museum Tusculanum Press p 124 ISBN 87 635 0428 6 Cleasby Richard Vigfusson Gudbrandur 1878 An Icelandic English Dictionary Clarendon Press pp 149 469 a b Thompson Claiborne W 1972 Opir s Teacher PDF Fornvannen 67 Swedish National Heritage Board 6 19 ISSN 1404 9430 Retrieved 2 October 2010 p 16 a b MacLeod Mindy 2002 Bind Runes an Investigation of Ligatures in Runic Epigraphy Uppsala Universitet Institutionen for Nordiska Sprak p 135 ISBN 91 506 1534 3 MacLeod Mindy 2006 Ligatures in Early Runic and Roman Inscriptions In Stoklund Marie Nielsen Michael Lerche et al eds Runes and Their Secrets Studies in Runology Copenhagen Museum Tusculanum Press pp 183 200 ISBN 87 635 0428 6 p 194 195 a b c Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk Rundata entry for U 485 External links editPhotograph of U 485 on Arild Hauge s website 59 46 54 N 17 50 13 E 59 78167 N 17 83694 E 59 78167 17 83694 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Uppland Runic Inscription 485 amp oldid 1212258448, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
