U.S. Route 45
U.S. Route 45 (US 45) is a major north-south United States highway and a border-to-border route, from Lake Superior to the Gulf of Mexico. A sign at the highway's northern terminus notes the total distance as 1,297 miles (2,087 km).
U.S. Route 45 | |
|---|---|
US 45 highlighted in red, US 45E in blue, US 45W in magenta | |
| Route information | |
| Length | 1,297 mi[citation needed] (2,087 km) |
| Existed | 1926[citation needed]–present |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | US 98 at Mobile, AL |
| I-65 at Prichard, AL I-20 / I-59 at Meridian, MS | |
| North end | Ontonagon and River streets in Ontonagon, MI |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| States | Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, Wisconsin, Michigan |
| Highway system | |
US 45 is notable for incorporating, in its maiden alignment, the first paved road in the South, a 49-mile segment in Lee County, Mississippi. Let to contract in July 1914, the concrete highway opened on November 15, 1915.[1]
As of 2006, the highway's northern terminus is in Ontonagon, Michigan, at the corner of Ontonagon and River Streets, a few blocks from Lake Superior (M-64 formerly terminated there as well until its rerouting in October 2006 to use the newly built Ontonagon River Bridge). US 45's southern terminus is in Mobile, Alabama, at an intersection with U.S. Route 98.
Route description
Alabama
US 45 is concurrent with unsigned SR 17 between Mobile and Vinegar Bend, just north of Deer Park, in Washington County, Alabama. From Vinegar Bend to the Mississippi state line, US 45 is concurrent with unsigned SR 57.
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Mississippi
U.S. Highway 45 is part of a designated hurricane evacuation route in Mississippi.[2] It is entirely four-laned from its point of entry from Alabama, at the town of State Line, to the Tennessee line just north of Corinth, along the way serving the towns of (from south to north) Waynesboro, Meridian, Columbus and Tupelo.[3]
At Brooksville, U.S. 45 splits away from U.S. 45 Alternate and serves the towns of Columbus and Aberdeen before rejoining U.S. 45 Alternate south of Tupelo. The alternate roadway provides a more direct and entirely four-laned route between Meridian and Tupelo, bypassing Columbus to the west and, more closely, Starkville to the east.
Major junctions of U.S. 45 in Mississippi include U.S. Route 84 at Waynesboro, Interstate 20/59 at Meridian, U.S. Route 82 at Columbus, Interstate 22/U.S. Route 78 at Tupelo and U.S. Route 72 at Corinth. Each of these junctions is an interchange and, with the exception of Waynesboro, each is part of a freeway segment.
The Mississippi section of U.S. 45 is defined at Mississippi Code Annotated § 65-3-3.
Tennessee
Southern section
From the Mississippi state line, US 45 extends north past the cities of Guys, Eastview, Selmer, Bethel Springs, Finger, Henderson, Pinson, and Jackson to Three Way, where the highway splits into US 45W and US 45E.
U.S. Route 45W
U.S. Route 45W | |
|---|---|
| Location | Three Way-South Fulton, Tennessee |
| Length | 62.33 mi (100.31 km) |
US 45W is a 62.33-mile-long (100.31 km) state highway in West Tennessee, connecting Jackson with South Fulton via Humboldt, Trenton, Dyer, Rutherford, Kenton, and Union City. For the majority of its length, it is concurrent with unsigned State Route 5 (SR 5).
U.S. Route 45E
U.S. Route 45E | |
|---|---|
| Location | Three Way-South Fulton, Tennessee |
| Length | 61.23 mi (98.54 km) |
US 45E is a 61.23-mile-long (98.54 km) state highway in West Tennessee, connecting Jackson with South Fulton via Medina, Milan, Bradford, Greenfield, Sharon, and Martin. For the majority of its length, it is concurrent with unsigned State Route 43 (SR 43) for most of the route's length except for short segments at Martin and South Fulton, where it is cosigned with SR 216 and SR 215 respectively.
Northern section
Mainline US 45, concurrent with unsigned SR 3, goes northeast and passes through neighborhoods in South Fulton along Chickasaw Drive before turning north onto Highland Drive at an intersection with Kentucky Route 116 (KY 116/W State Line Street) at the western edge of downtown. US 45 then crosses into Kentucky and the city of Fulton.
Kentucky
U.S. 45 enters Kentucky at Fulton then northeast past Mayfield then heads directly north into Paducah as a four-lane highway. In Paducah, U.S. 45 serves as a major artery, intersecting with Interstate 24 at exit 7, and intersecting US 60 and 62. U.S. 45 leaves Kentucky from Paducah's northern border across the two-lane, metal-grate Brookport Bridge to Brookport, Illinois across the Ohio River.
Illinois
In the state of Illinois, U.S. 45 runs from a bridge across the Ohio River from Paducah, Kentucky, through Shawnee National Forest and north to the Wisconsin border east of Antioch, Illinois. With a length of 428.99 miles (690.39 km) in Illinois,[4] U.S. 45 is the longest numbered route in Illinois.
In its progress north from the Ohio River U.S. 45 first joins Interstate 24 as far as Vienna then heads northeast through Harrisburg and Eldorado in Saline County and north through Fairfield, Flora, Effingham, Mattoon, Champaign, Urbana, Gilman and Kankakee, then straight north through the western suburbs of Chicago in Will County, Cook County and Lake County to the Wisconsin border.
Wisconsin
U.S. 45 enters the state in southeast Wisconsin. It runs concurrent with Interstate 894 and U.S. Route 41 through the west side of metro Milwaukee to form a major artery through the metropolitan area. It runs north to Fond du Lac. The highway routes near the western shore of Lake Winnebago through Oshkosh, Wisconsin. U.S. 45 then travels north through Wittenberg, Antigo, and Eagle River, as well as the state and national forests, until it leaves the state at Land O' Lakes and enters Michigan.
Michigan
US 45 enters Michigan south of Watersmeet. From there, the highway crosses the Western Upper Peninsula through the Ottawa National Forest running north to Ontonagon. US 45 ends just south of Lake Superior in downtown Ontonagon. The terminus was not changed in 2006 despite realignment then of M-38 and M-64 from the terminus to a crossing 0.7 miles (1.1 km) south.[5]
History
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Until March 1935, US 45's northern terminus was at US 12 in Des Plaines, Illinois near Chicago.[6][7]
Prior to the construction of the Interstate Highway system, US 45 was one of the main routes south out of Chicago toward New Orleans. Much of the traffic left US 45 at Effingham, Illinois, continuing on through Cairo, Illinois along Illinois Route 37.
Future
In 2023, an effort began to improve US 45 in Tupelo, Mississippi. A $112 million plan to straighten US 45 at McCullough Boulevard, Hilda Avenue and Front Street in a series of interchanges to solve congestion and safety issues in this area.[8] In additions to these improvements, Mississippi Senator Roger Wicker requested $5 million for the 2023 fiscal year to fund preconstruction activities that would upgrade US 45 to interstate standards between Tupelo and Shannon, Mississippi.[9] The potential interstate spur, which would be an auxiliary route of I-22, is currently listed as High Priority Corridor 95.[10]
Major intersections
- Southern segment
-
- Alabama
- US 98 in Mobile
- I-65 in Prichard
- Mississippi
- US 84 in Waynesboro
- I-20 / I-59 in Meridian
- US 11 / US 80 in Meridian
- US 82 west of Columbus. The highways travel concurrently to Columbus.
- US 278 north-northwest of New Wren. The highways travel concurrently to the Verona–Tupelo city line.
- I-22 / US 78 in Tupelo
- US 72 in Corinth
- Tennessee
- US 64 in Selmer. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
- I-40 / US 412 in Jackson
- US 45E / US 45W in Three Way
- US 79 in Milan ( US 45E)
- US 79 in Humboldt ( US 45W)
- Northern segment
-
- Tennessee
- US 45E / US 45W / US 51 in South Fulton. US 45 / US 51 travel concurrently to Fulton, Kentucky.
- Kentucky
- Future I-69 north of Mayfield
- I-24 in Paducah
- US 62 in Paducah. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
- US 60 / US 62 in Paducah. US 45/US 60 travels concurrently through the city.
- Illinois
- I-24 in Metropolis
- I-24 north-northeast of Vienna
- I-64 north of Mill Shoals
- US 50 east of Flora. The highways travel concurrently to northwest of Flora.
- US 40 in Effingham. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
- I-57 / I-70 in Effingham
- I-57 northeast of Neoga
- I-57 in Mattoon
- US 36 in Tuscola Township
- I-57 in Pesotum
- US 150 in Champaign. The highways travel concurrently to Urbana.
- I-74 in Urbana
- US 136 in Rantoul
- US 24 in Gilman. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
- US 52 east of Ashkum. The highways travel concurrently to Peotone Township.
- I-57 in Kankakee
- US 30 in Frankfort
- I-80 on the Mokena–Orland Park–Tinley Park city line
- US 6 in Orland Park
- US 12 / US 20 west of the Palos Hills–Hickory Hills city line. US 12/US 45 travels concurrently to Des Plaines. US 20/US 45 travels concurrently to the Stone Park–Melrose Park city line.
- I-294 in Willow Springs
- I-55 on the Countryside–Hodgkins city line
- US 34 in La Grange
- I-290 on the Westchester–Hillside–Bellwood city line
- I-190 west of Rosemont
- US 14 in Des Plaines
- Wisconsin
- I-43 in Greenfield. The highways are concurrent for a 1/2 mile.
- I-41 / US 41 / I-894 in Greenfield. I-41 and US-41 stay concurrent until Richfield. I-894 stays concurrent to the Milwaukee-Wauwatosa city line.
- I-94 in Milwaukee.
- US 18 in Wauwatosa.
- US 151 in the Town of Fond du Lac
- I-41 / US 41 in Oshkosh
- US 10 in Winchester. The highways travel concurrently for 3 miles.
- US 8 in Monico. The highways travel concurrently through the town.
- Michigan
- US 2 in Watersmeet
- River Street/Chippewa Street in Ontonagon
See also
- U.S. Route 45 Business in Wittenburg, Wisconsin
- U.S. Route 45 Business in New London, Wisconsin
- U.S. Route 45 Business in Paducah, Kentucky
- U.S. Route 45 Bypass in Jackson, Tennessee
- U.S. Route 45W Business in Trenton, Tennessee; decommissioned and re-signed as State Route 367
- U.S. Route 45W Business in Humboldt, Tennessee
- U.S. Route 45E Business in Martin, Tennessee
- U.S. Route 45 Business in Tupelo, Mississippi
- U.S. Route 45 Alternate in Brooksville, Mississippi and Shannon, Mississippi
References
- ^ USDOT Federal Highway Administration: The Evolution of Mississippi Highways June 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
- ^ MS Dept. of Transportation's Hurricane Evacuation Map September 8, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, retrieved August 30, 2011
- ^ Official Mississippi Highway Map, pdf version March 20, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, retrieved August 30, 2011.
- ^ Illinois Technology Transfer Center. Called La Grange Road through much of the South Suburbs of Chicago. (2007). "T2 GIS Data". from the original on August 10, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2007.
- ^ Bessert, Christopher J. Michigan Highways: Ontonagon State Trunkline Changes 2006 June 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. URL accessed June 24, 2007.
- ^ "Route 45 Extended". The Daily Herald. December 12, 2016. p. 1. from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 12, 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Illinois Secretary of State; H.M. Gousha (1935). Official Road Map Illinois (Map). [c. 1:950,000 and c. 1:1,110,000]. Springfield: Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Illinois Digital Archives.
- ^ MCCLUSKEY, CALEB (November 16, 2022). "MDOT, Major Thoroughfare mull US 45 safety upgrades". Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal. Retrieved May 17, 2023.
- ^ "Fiscal Year '23 Congressionally Directed Spending Requests". U.S. Senator Roger Wicker. Retrieved May 15, 2023.
- ^ "Statutory Listing of Corridor Descriptions - High Priority Corridors - National Highway System - Planning - FHWA". www.fhwa.dot.gov. Retrieved January 4, 2022.
- ^ Rand McNally (2014). The Road Atlas (Walmart ed.). Chicago: Rand McNally. pp. 5, 32–33, 42, 50, 56, 94, 114–115. ISBN 978-0-528-00771-2.
External links
- Endpoints of US 45