From 1945 to 1996 the central portion of the hillock was called Liberators' Square (Estonian: Vabastajate väljak).[2] The place became internationally known in 2007 when the Estonian government relocated a Soviet war memorial known as the Bronze Soldier.[3][4]Tõnismäe (genitive of Tõnismägi) is also a subdistrict (asum) in the district of Kesklinn (Town Centre) with a population of 1,404 (As of 1 January 2014[update]).[1]
According to archaeological excavations, an oak forest grew on the hillock and its surrounding area in the first millennium. The hill has been dug lower several times during the centuries, thus leaving less material to be found by excavations, but some researchers believe that the area has been inhabited since the 12th or 13th century. First mention of Tõnismägi in writing is from 1348, when the town council of Tallinn gave the area to the Livonian Brothers of the Sword.[5]
The history of Tõnismägi has always been related to religion. The oak forest was probably a sacred place for Estonians, but before year 1348, a chapel for St. Anthony was built on the hill, accompanied by a cemetery. The chapel and cemetery were probably destroyed around 1570–1571 or 1577 during the Livonian War.[5] After the Livonian War several streets were built in the area.
In 1670, the first Kaarli Church (Charles's Church) was built here, named after the Swedish king Charles XI. The wooden church was for Estonians and local Finns. That church was burned down during the Great Northern War in August 1710.[5] The short-lived second church was built in the 19th century, but was torn down when the third Kaarli church was built in 1870.
On 25 September 1944, remains of two Soviet soldiers were buried at the center of the hill. Additional remains were reburied there in April 1945.[6] After the burial of the Red Army soldiers on Tõnismägi the square was named Liberators' Square on 12 June 1945. A memorial monument was ordered from architect Arnold Alas and unveiled on 22 September 1947, its central part being a bronze statue by sculptor Enn Roos. In 1964, an eternal flame was added.[6] In April 2007, the statue was relocated from Tõnismägi to the cemetery of the Estonian Defence Forces and a reburial process initiated.[3][4](See Bronze Soldier of Tallinn.)
tõnismägi, musician, tõnis, mägi, estonian, anthony, hill, metre, high, hillock, adjacent, toompea, hill, tallinn, estonia, tõnismäesubdistrict, tallinn, 2007tõnismäe, within, district, kesklinn, midtown, countryestoniacountyharju, countycitytallinndistrictkes. For the musician see Tonis Magi Tonismagi Estonian for St Anthony s Hill is a 36 metre high hillock adjacent to Toompea hill in Tallinn Estonia TonismaeSubdistrict of TallinnTonismagi May 2007Tonismae within the district of Kesklinn Midtown CountryEstoniaCountyHarju CountyCityTallinnDistrictKesklinnPopulation 01 01 2014 1 Total1 404From 1945 to 1996 the central portion of the hillock was called Liberators Square Estonian Vabastajate valjak 2 The place became internationally known in 2007 when the Estonian government relocated a Soviet war memorial known as the Bronze Soldier 3 4 Tonismae genitive of Tonismagi is also a subdistrict asum in the district of Kesklinn Town Centre with a population of 1 404 As of 1 January 2014 update 1 Contents 1 History 2 Gallery 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditAccording to archaeological excavations an oak forest grew on the hillock and its surrounding area in the first millennium The hill has been dug lower several times during the centuries thus leaving less material to be found by excavations but some researchers believe that the area has been inhabited since the 12th or 13th century First mention of Tonismagi in writing is from 1348 when the town council of Tallinn gave the area to the Livonian Brothers of the Sword 5 The history of Tonismagi has always been related to religion The oak forest was probably a sacred place for Estonians but before year 1348 a chapel for St Anthony was built on the hill accompanied by a cemetery The chapel and cemetery were probably destroyed around 1570 1571 or 1577 during the Livonian War 5 After the Livonian War several streets were built in the area In 1670 the first Kaarli Church Charles s Church was built here named after the Swedish king Charles XI The wooden church was for Estonians and local Finns That church was burned down during the Great Northern War in August 1710 5 The short lived second church was built in the 19th century but was torn down when the third Kaarli church was built in 1870 On 25 September 1944 remains of two Soviet soldiers were buried at the center of the hill Additional remains were reburied there in April 1945 6 After the burial of the Red Army soldiers on Tonismagi the square was named Liberators Square on 12 June 1945 A memorial monument was ordered from architect Arnold Alas and unveiled on 22 September 1947 its central part being a bronze statue by sculptor Enn Roos In 1964 an eternal flame was added 6 In April 2007 the statue was relocated from Tonismagi to the cemetery of the Estonian Defence Forces and a reburial process initiated 3 4 See Bronze Soldier of Tallinn Gallery Edit The third Kaarli church Roosikrantsi streetSee also EditBronze Soldier of TallinnReferences Edit a b Statistical Yearbook of Tallinn 2014 Tallinn City Government p 52 Retrieved 27 November 2014 Tallinna Linnavalitsuse maarus nr 26 12 04 1996 in Estonian a b Estonia begins work to re locate controversial statue a b Relocated Bronze Soldier to be unveiled May 8 a b c Kirikud kabelid ja kalmistud Tonismael Robert Nerman Archived 2011 07 20 at the Wayback Machine in Estonian a b Common grave for and a memorial to Red Army soldiers on Tonismagi Tallinn Historical statement Archived 2007 06 14 at the Wayback MachineExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tonismagi Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church Charles XI Parish in Tallinn website Archived 2012 02 07 at the Wayback MachineCoordinates 59 25 52 41 N 24 44 23 49 E 59 4312250 N 24 7398583 E 59 4312250 24 7398583 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tonismagi amp oldid 1117462527, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
