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Typhoon Ma-on (2011)

November 14, 2023

Typhoon Ma-on, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ineng, was a large and powerful typhoon that affected southern Japan in July 2011. It was the sixth named storm and second typhoon of the 2011 Pacific typhoon season. Originating from an area of low pressure near Wake Island on July 9, the precursor to Ma-on gradually developed as it moved westward. By July 11, it had become sufficiently organized to be declared a tropical depression, although the cyclone's circulation remained broad. Over the following days, Ma-on gradually intensified and attained typhoon status on July 14. Favorable environmental conditions allowed for additional strengthening, and the storm ultimately attained peak ten-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (109 mph) on July 16. After turning northward in response to a weakening subtropical ridge, the typhoon underwent a series of eyewall replacement cycles that caused it to weaken. On July 19, Ma-on struck Shikoku before turning southeastward and moving back over water. Slow weakening continued as Ma-on succumbed to the effects of high wind shear. The system ultimately became extratropical on July 24, and was last noted by the Japan Meteorological Agency a week later near the Kamchatka Peninsula.

Typhoon Ma-on (Ineng)
Typhoon Ma-on near peak intensity on July 16
Meteorological history
FormedJuly 11, 2011
ExtratropicalJuly 24, 2011
DissipatedJuly 31, 2011
Very strong typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds175 km/h (110 mph)
Lowest pressure935 hPa (mbar); 27.61 inHg
Category 4-equivalent typhoon
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds215 km/h (130 mph)
Lowest pressure937 hPa (mbar); 27.67 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities5 total
Damage$50 million (2011 USD)
Areas affectedNorthern Mariana Islands, Japan
IBTrACS
Part of the 2011 Pacific typhoon season

Initially, Ma-on posed a slight threat to the Mariana Islands and prompted the issuance of tropical storm warnings. However, the system remained far away from the area and only produced scattered rainfall. In Japan, hundreds of people evacuated from mudslide-prone areas. Torrential rains produced by the storm, estimated at more than 1,200 mm (47 in), led to widespread and damaging floods. Five people perished as a result of Ma-on, and damage reached ¥3.9 billion (2011 JPY, $50 million 2011 USD).

Meteorological history edit

 
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
  Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

The origins of Ma-on were from an area of convection that meandered near Wake Island on July 9.[1] The disturbance slowly consolidated and developed a low-level circulation. Based on the presence of low wind shear and generally favorable environmental conditions, tropical cyclone forecast models anticipated that the system would develop into a tropical cyclone.[2] Early on July 11, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert,[3] and a few hours later the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported the formation of a tropical depression about halfway between Wake Island and the Northern Marianas Islands.[4][5] The JTWC followed suit and initiated advisories on Tropical Depression 08W.[6]

The depression tracked westward due to a ridge to its north.[7] Its circulation was initially broad and ill-defined, with patches of disorganized convection due to dry air. The depression was able to intensify due to generally favorable conditions,[8] and the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Ma-on at 0600 UTC on July 12.[9] Gradually the thunderstorms became concentrated around the center, despite restricted outflow to the north and west. Ma-on intensified at a slower than climatological rate, although an eye feature became evident by early on July 13.[10] At 0000 UTC that day, the JMA upgraded Ma-on to a severe tropical storm,[11] and 24 hours later the storm intensified into a typhoon to the northeast of the Northern Marianas.[12] By that time, it was also located about 970 km (600 mi) southeast of Iwo Jima. A ragged eye became apparent on satellite imagery, and after developing an anticyclone aloft, its outflow became much better defined.[13]

By July 15, Typhoon Ma-on had a well-defined eye with the strongest convection in its southern periphery. It continued intensifying, and the JTWC estimated 1-minute sustained winds of 220 km/h (140 mph).[14] Late on July 15, Ma-on weakened slightly due to stronger wind shear, which caused its eyewall to break apart in the northwest quadrant.[15] It re-intensified the next day after an eyewall replacement cycle commenced.[16] At 0600 UTC on July 16, the JMA estimated peak 10-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (109 mph) while the typhoon was located about 1,185 km (736 mi) southeast of Okinawa.[17] Around that time, Ma-on began a motion to the northwest due to a weakening of the subtropical ridge,[18] and it briefly entered the area warned by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA); the agency gave it the local name Ineng.[19]

Late on July 17, Ma-on underwent another eyewall replacement cycle and weakened, despite developing improved outflow and convection in the northern quadrant.[20] The typhoon's large size prevented re-intensification – gale force winds extended 370 km (230 mi) east of the center. In addition, the intrusion of dry air diminished thunderstorms in the western periphery. By July 18, Ma-on reached the western extent of the ridge and began a motion to the north toward Japan.[21] The next day, it turned to the northeast as it paralleled the Japan coastline just offshore.[22] At around 1400 UTC on July 19, Ma-on made landfall on Shikoku as a minimal typhoon. Turning to the east, the typhoon weakened to a severe tropical storm before moving over the southern tip of the Kii Peninsula early on July 20.[12] After emerging from the country, Ma-on turned to the southeast. Increased wind shear displaced the convection to the east, although slight re-intensification was expected.[23] However, the JTWC downgraded Ma-on to a tropical depression on July 21 after the storm lost much of its convection.[24] The circulation became ill-defined, and the JTWC discontinued advisories on July 22, noting the system was in the process of dissipation.[25] However, the JMA maintained Ma-on as a severe tropical storm until July 23, by which time the storm had turned to the northeast.[26] The storm became extratropical on July 24 near the Kuril Islands, lasting another seven days before dissipating east of the Kamchatka Peninsula.[12]

Preparations and impact edit

 
Typhoon Ma-on approaching Japan on July 18

After Ma-on attained tropical storm status, the Tiyan, Guam National Weather Service office issued a tropical storm watch for Agrihan, Pagan, and Alamagan.[27] It was later upgraded to a tropical storm warning after Ma-on became a typhoon,[28] which was canceled after the storm passed the islands to the north.[29] The typhoon produced high waves in Guam,[30] as well as gusty winds and precipitation in an outer feeder band.[31]

High waves in advance of the typhoon capsized a boat in the East China Sea, although the six passengers were rescued.[32] Moisture from the storm extended west to Taiwan, where over 600 mm (24 in) of rainfall was reported. The heavy rainfall caused flooding and mudslides that blocked roadways and forced evacuations.[33]

In Japan, the typhoon was forecast to strike areas affected by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. Officials prepared by installing a cover to prevent rain contamination.[34] Ultimately, there still was rain contamination, and Ma-on's passage produced 2,000 tons of radioactive water.[35] Before the storm struck Japan, officials in Miyakonojō, Miyazaki advised the evacuation of about 900 people in areas prone to mudslides.[36] At least 300 airline flights were canceled due to the storm.[37] The typhoon also caused delays in the nation's rail system.[38] Nippon Oil stopped shipping oil during the storm.[39] As Ma-on moved across Japan, it produced winds of 108 km/h (67 mph), along with heavy rainfall of up to 1,200 mm (47 in).[40] Rainfall in a 24‑hour period reached 860 mm (34 in) in Umaji, Kōchi, which set a 24‑hour rainfall record and exceeded the average July precipitation by 265.5 mm (10.45 in).[37] The rains flooded houses and roads in the region.[41] High rains closed several expressways, and in Shizuoka Prefecture, a blocked road stranded 96 mountain climbers.[38] Strong winds left about 11,000 people without power on Shikoku Island.[41] The combination of winds and rain damaged the 385‑year‑old Nijō Castle in Kyoto. The typhoon injured 60 people,[40] and killed five people.[42] One of the deaths was from a man who drowned while checking on his boat during the storm.[43] Damage was estimated at ¥3.9 billion (2011 JPY, $50 million 2011 USD).[42]

Following Ma-on's passage, temperatures decreased across Japan, which led to a marked decrease in heat stroke deaths. Throughout the month, heat stroke deaths were 70% less than in July 2010.[44]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Oceans July 9, 2011 15z". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on October 28, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  2. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Oceans July 10, 2011 06z". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on October 28, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  3. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert July 11, 2011 06z". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on October 28, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  4. ^ . Japan Meteorological Agency. July 11, 2011. Archived from the original on September 1, 2010. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  5. ^ RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center (2011-08-30). "RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center: Tropical Cyclone Best Track Analysis: Typhoon Ma-on" (PDF). Japan Meteorological Agency. (PDF) from the original on 2012-03-27. Retrieved 2012-03-05.
  6. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 11, 2011). . United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  7. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 11, 2011). "Tropical Depression 08W Warning Number 002". United States Navy, United States Airforce. from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  8. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 12, 2011). "Tropical Storm Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 004". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 12, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  9. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Advisory". Japan Meteorological Agency. July 12, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  10. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 13, 2011). "Tropical Storm Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 008". United States Navy. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  11. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Advisory". Japan Meteorological Agency. July 13, 2011. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  12. ^ a b c RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Centre (2012-01-30). Summary of the 2011 Pacific Typhoon Season (PDF). Typhoon Committee 44th session. Hangzhou, China: The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee. p. 6. (PDF) from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2012-03-05.
  13. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 13, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 010". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  14. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 15, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 016". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  15. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 15, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 018". United States Navy. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  16. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 16, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 020". United States Navy. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  17. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Advisory". Japan Meteorological Agency. July 16, 2011. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  18. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 17, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 024". United States Navy. from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  19. ^ "Typhoon "Ineng" (Ma-on) Severe Weather Bulletin One". Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. July 17, 2011. from the original on August 17, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  20. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 17, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 026". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  21. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 18, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 028". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  22. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 19, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 032". United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  23. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 20, 2011). "Tropical Storm Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 036". United States Navy, United States Airforce. from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  24. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 21, 2011). "Tropical Depression Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 040". United States Navy, United States Airforce. from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  25. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (July 22, 2011). "Tropical Depression Ma-on (08W) Warning Number 043". United States Navy, United States Airforce. from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  26. ^ RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center (July 23, 2011). "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory: July 23, 2011 00z". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  27. ^ Michael G. MiddleBrooke (July 13, 2011). "Tropical Storm Ma-on (08W) Advisory Number 6". National Weather Service office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  28. ^ Marcus Landon Aydlett (July 14, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Advisory Number 9". National Weather Service office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  29. ^ William Brandon Aydlett (July 15, 2011). "Typhoon Ma-on (08W) Advisory Number 14". National Weather Service office in Tiyan, Guam. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on July 15, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2012.
  30. ^ "Be safe: Heed weather and water warnings; take caution this weekend". Pacific Daily News. July 15, 2011.
  31. ^ Staff Writer (July 13, 2011). "NWS: Overnight Wind and Rain Blamed on "Tail" of Tropical Storm Ma-On". Pacific News Center. Guam News. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
  32. ^ "6 fishermen saved after typhoon sinks their boat off east China". Xinhua. July 18, 2011.
  33. ^ Lee Hsin-Yin (July 20, 2011). "Heavy rains force evacuations, road closures". Central News Agency - Taiwan.
  34. ^ Yoko Wakatsuki (July 18, 2011). "Japan scrambles to protect damaged reactor from typhoon". CNN. from the original on 2011-11-23. Retrieved 2012-03-05.
  35. ^ "Operating Rate Low for Fukushima N-Plant's Water Treatment System". Jiji Press. July 27, 2011.
  36. ^ "Big typhoon heads for western Japan". United Press International. July 18, 2011. from the original on 2011-09-18. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
  37. ^ a b "Powerful typhoon may make landfall on Shikoku Island Tuesday". Japanese Economic Newswire. July 19, 2011.
  38. ^ a b "1 missing, 50 injured as strong typhoon lashes Japan". Xinhua. July 20, 2011.
  39. ^ "Japan refiners halt product shipments as Typhoon Ma-On nears". Chemical News & Intelligence. July 19, 2011.
  40. ^ a b "One dead, dozens injured as Typhoon Ma-On sideswipes Japan". Asia Pacific News. July 20, 2011. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
  41. ^ a b "International News". Japan Economic Newswire. July 20, 2011.
  42. ^ a b "Global storm activity increases in July as the Atlantic hurricane season approaches peak period, According to Aon Benfield Study". CPI Financial. 2011-08-23. from the original on 2013-10-04. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
  43. ^ "One dead as typhoon sideswipes Japan". Agence France-Presse. July 20, 2011.
  44. ^ "Japan Heat Stroke Deaths Down 70 Pct in July". Jiji Press. 2011-08-02.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Ma-on (2011).
  • JMA General Information of Typhoon Ma-on (1106) from Digital Typhoon
  • The JMA's Best Track Data on Typhoon Ma-on (1106) (in Japanese)
  • The JMA's RSMC Best Track Data (Graphics) on Typhoon Ma-on (1106)
  • The JMA's RSMC Best Track Data (Text)
  • The JTWC's Best Track Data on Typhoon 08W (Ma-on)
  • 08W.MA-ON from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

November 14, 2023
typhoon, 2011, typhoon, known, philippines, typhoon, ineng, large, powerful, typhoon, that, affected, southern, japan, july, 2011, sixth, named, storm, second, typhoon, 2011, pacific, typhoon, season, originating, from, area, pressure, near, wake, island, july. Typhoon Ma on known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ineng was a large and powerful typhoon that affected southern Japan in July 2011 It was the sixth named storm and second typhoon of the 2011 Pacific typhoon season Originating from an area of low pressure near Wake Island on July 9 the precursor to Ma on gradually developed as it moved westward By July 11 it had become sufficiently organized to be declared a tropical depression although the cyclone s circulation remained broad Over the following days Ma on gradually intensified and attained typhoon status on July 14 Favorable environmental conditions allowed for additional strengthening and the storm ultimately attained peak ten minute sustained winds of 175 km h 109 mph on July 16 After turning northward in response to a weakening subtropical ridge the typhoon underwent a series of eyewall replacement cycles that caused it to weaken On July 19 Ma on struck Shikoku before turning southeastward and moving back over water Slow weakening continued as Ma on succumbed to the effects of high wind shear The system ultimately became extratropical on July 24 and was last noted by the Japan Meteorological Agency a week later near the Kamchatka Peninsula Typhoon Ma on Ineng Typhoon Ma on near peak intensity on July 16Meteorological historyFormedJuly 11 2011ExtratropicalJuly 24 2011DissipatedJuly 31 2011Very strong typhoon10 minute sustained JMA Highest winds175 km h 110 mph Lowest pressure935 hPa mbar 27 61 inHgCategory 4 equivalent typhoon1 minute sustained SSHWS JTWC Highest winds215 km h 130 mph Lowest pressure937 hPa mbar 27 67 inHgOverall effectsFatalities5 totalDamage 50 million 2011 USD Areas affectedNorthern Mariana Islands JapanIBTrACSPart of the 2011 Pacific typhoon seasonInitially Ma on posed a slight threat to the Mariana Islands and prompted the issuance of tropical storm warnings However the system remained far away from the area and only produced scattered rainfall In Japan hundreds of people evacuated from mudslide prone areas Torrential rains produced by the storm estimated at more than 1 200 mm 47 in led to widespread and damaging floods Five people perished as a result of Ma on and damage reached 3 9 billion 2011 JPY 50 million 2011 USD Contents 1 Meteorological history 2 Preparations and impact 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksMeteorological history edit nbsp Map plotting the storm s track and intensity according to the Saffir Simpson scaleMap keySaffir Simpson scale Tropical depression 38 mph 62 km h Tropical storm 39 73 mph 63 118 km h Category 1 74 95 mph 119 153 km h Category 2 96 110 mph 154 177 km h Category 3 111 129 mph 178 208 km h Category 4 130 156 mph 209 251 km h Category 5 157 mph 252 km h Unknown Storm type nbsp Tropical cyclone nbsp Subtropical cyclone nbsp Extratropical cyclone remnant low tropical disturbance or monsoon depressionThe origins of Ma on were from an area of convection that meandered near Wake Island on July 9 1 The disturbance slowly consolidated and developed a low level circulation Based on the presence of low wind shear and generally favorable environmental conditions tropical cyclone forecast models anticipated that the system would develop into a tropical cyclone 2 Early on July 11 the Joint Typhoon Warning Center JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert 3 and a few hours later the Japan Meteorological Agency JMA reported the formation of a tropical depression about halfway between Wake Island and the Northern Marianas Islands 4 5 The JTWC followed suit and initiated advisories on Tropical Depression 08W 6 The depression tracked westward due to a ridge to its north 7 Its circulation was initially broad and ill defined with patches of disorganized convection due to dry air The depression was able to intensify due to generally favorable conditions 8 and the JMA upgraded the depression to Tropical Storm Ma on at 0600 UTC on July 12 9 Gradually the thunderstorms became concentrated around the center despite restricted outflow to the north and west Ma on intensified at a slower than climatological rate although an eye feature became evident by early on July 13 10 At 0000 UTC that day the JMA upgraded Ma on to a severe tropical storm 11 and 24 hours later the storm intensified into a typhoon to the northeast of the Northern Marianas 12 By that time it was also located about 970 km 600 mi southeast of Iwo Jima A ragged eye became apparent on satellite imagery and after developing an anticyclone aloft its outflow became much better defined 13 By July 15 Typhoon Ma on had a well defined eye with the strongest convection in its southern periphery It continued intensifying and the JTWC estimated 1 minute sustained winds of 220 km h 140 mph 14 Late on July 15 Ma on weakened slightly due to stronger wind shear which caused its eyewall to break apart in the northwest quadrant 15 It re intensified the next day after an eyewall replacement cycle commenced 16 At 0600 UTC on July 16 the JMA estimated peak 10 minute sustained winds of 175 km h 109 mph while the typhoon was located about 1 185 km 736 mi southeast of Okinawa 17 Around that time Ma on began a motion to the northwest due to a weakening of the subtropical ridge 18 and it briefly entered the area warned by the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration PAGASA the agency gave it the local name Ineng 19 Late on July 17 Ma on underwent another eyewall replacement cycle and weakened despite developing improved outflow and convection in the northern quadrant 20 The typhoon s large size prevented re intensification gale force winds extended 370 km 230 mi east of the center In addition the intrusion of dry air diminished thunderstorms in the western periphery By July 18 Ma on reached the western extent of the ridge and began a motion to the north toward Japan 21 The next day it turned to the northeast as it paralleled the Japan coastline just offshore 22 At around 1400 UTC on July 19 Ma on made landfall on Shikoku as a minimal typhoon Turning to the east the typhoon weakened to a severe tropical storm before moving over the southern tip of the Kii Peninsula early on July 20 12 After emerging from the country Ma on turned to the southeast Increased wind shear displaced the convection to the east although slight re intensification was expected 23 However the JTWC downgraded Ma on to a tropical depression on July 21 after the storm lost much of its convection 24 The circulation became ill defined and the JTWC discontinued advisories on July 22 noting the system was in the process of dissipation 25 However the JMA maintained Ma on as a severe tropical storm until July 23 by which time the storm had turned to the northeast 26 The storm became extratropical on July 24 near the Kuril Islands lasting another seven days before dissipating east of the Kamchatka Peninsula 12 Preparations and impact edit nbsp Typhoon Ma on approaching Japan on July 18After Ma on attained tropical storm status the Tiyan Guam National Weather Service office issued a tropical storm watch for Agrihan Pagan and Alamagan 27 It was later upgraded to a tropical storm warning after Ma on became a typhoon 28 which was canceled after the storm passed the islands to the north 29 The typhoon produced high waves in Guam 30 as well as gusty winds and precipitation in an outer feeder band 31 High waves in advance of the typhoon capsized a boat in the East China Sea although the six passengers were rescued 32 Moisture from the storm extended west to Taiwan where over 600 mm 24 in of rainfall was reported The heavy rainfall caused flooding and mudslides that blocked roadways and forced evacuations 33 In Japan the typhoon was forecast to strike areas affected by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster Officials prepared by installing a cover to prevent rain contamination 34 Ultimately there still was rain contamination and Ma on s passage produced 2 000 tons of radioactive water 35 Before the storm struck Japan officials in Miyakonojō Miyazaki advised the evacuation of about 900 people in areas prone to mudslides 36 At least 300 airline flights were canceled due to the storm 37 The typhoon also caused delays in the nation s rail system 38 Nippon Oil stopped shipping oil during the storm 39 As Ma on moved across Japan it produced winds of 108 km h 67 mph along with heavy rainfall of up to 1 200 mm 47 in 40 Rainfall in a 24 hour period reached 860 mm 34 in in Umaji Kōchi which set a 24 hour rainfall record and exceeded the average July precipitation by 265 5 mm 10 45 in 37 The rains flooded houses and roads in the region 41 High rains closed several expressways and in Shizuoka Prefecture a blocked road stranded 96 mountain climbers 38 Strong winds left about 11 000 people without power on Shikoku Island 41 The combination of winds and rain damaged the 385 year old Nijō Castle in Kyoto The typhoon injured 60 people 40 and killed five people 42 One of the deaths was from a man who drowned while checking on his boat during the storm 43 Damage was estimated at 3 9 billion 2011 JPY 50 million 2011 USD 42 Following Ma on s passage temperatures decreased across Japan which led to a marked decrease in heat stroke deaths Throughout the month heat stroke deaths were 70 less than in July 2010 44 See also edit nbsp Tropical cyclones portalOther tropical cyclones named Ma on Other tropical cyclones named InengReferences edit Joint Typhoon Warning Center Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Oceans July 9 2011 15z United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on October 28 2013 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Significant Tropical Weather Outlook for the Western and South Pacific Oceans July 10 2011 06z United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on October 28 2013 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert July 11 2011 06z United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on October 28 2013 Retrieved February 25 2012 High Seas Warning Japan Meteorological Agency July 11 2011 Archived from the original on September 1 2010 Retrieved February 25 2012 RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center 2011 08 30 RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center Tropical Cyclone Best Track Analysis Typhoon Ma on PDF Japan Meteorological Agency Archived PDF from the original on 2012 03 27 Retrieved 2012 03 05 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 11 2011 Tropical Depression 08W Warning Number 001 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on 2011 07 15 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 11 2011 Tropical Depression 08W Warning Number 002 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on August 11 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 12 2011 Tropical Storm Ma on 08W Warning Number 004 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 12 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Japan Meteorological Agency July 12 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 13 2011 Tropical Storm Ma on 08W Warning Number 008 United States Navy Archived from the original on July 13 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Japan Meteorological Agency July 13 2011 Archived from the original on July 13 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 a b c RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Centre 2012 01 30 Summary of the 2011 Pacific Typhoon Season PDF Typhoon Committee 44th session Hangzhou China The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific and World Meteorological Organization s Typhoon Committee p 6 Archived PDF from the original on 2014 08 26 Retrieved 2012 03 05 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 13 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 010 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 14 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 15 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 016 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 15 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 018 United States Navy Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 16 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 020 United States Navy Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Tropical Cyclone Advisory Japan Meteorological Agency July 16 2011 Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 17 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 024 United States Navy Archived from the original on August 11 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Typhoon Ineng Ma on Severe Weather Bulletin One Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration July 17 2011 Archived from the original on August 17 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 17 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 026 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 18 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 18 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 028 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 18 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 19 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Warning Number 032 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on July 19 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 20 2011 Tropical Storm Ma on 08W Warning Number 036 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on August 11 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 21 2011 Tropical Depression Ma on 08W Warning Number 040 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on August 11 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Joint Typhoon Warning Center July 22 2011 Tropical Depression Ma on 08W Warning Number 043 United States Navy United States Airforce Archived from the original on August 11 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 RSMC Tokyo Typhoon Center July 23 2011 RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory July 23 2011 00z Japan Meteorological Agency Archived from the original on July 23 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Michael G MiddleBrooke July 13 2011 Tropical Storm Ma on 08W Advisory Number 6 National Weather Service office in Tiyan Guam National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Archived from the original on July 13 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Marcus Landon Aydlett July 14 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Advisory Number 9 National Weather Service office in Tiyan Guam National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Archived from the original on July 14 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 William Brandon Aydlett July 15 2011 Typhoon Ma on 08W Advisory Number 14 National Weather Service office in Tiyan Guam National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Archived from the original on July 15 2011 Retrieved February 25 2012 Be safe Heed weather and water warnings take caution this weekend Pacific Daily News July 15 2011 Staff Writer July 13 2011 NWS Overnight Wind and Rain Blamed on Tail of Tropical Storm Ma On Pacific News Center Guam News Retrieved 2011 07 15 6 fishermen saved after typhoon sinks their boat off east China Xinhua July 18 2011 Lee Hsin Yin July 20 2011 Heavy rains force evacuations road closures Central News Agency Taiwan Yoko Wakatsuki July 18 2011 Japan scrambles to protect damaged reactor from typhoon CNN Archived from the original on 2011 11 23 Retrieved 2012 03 05 Operating Rate Low for Fukushima N Plant s Water Treatment System Jiji Press July 27 2011 Big typhoon heads for western Japan United Press International July 18 2011 Archived from the original on 2011 09 18 Retrieved 2012 02 24 a b Powerful typhoon may make landfall on Shikoku Island Tuesday Japanese Economic Newswire July 19 2011 a b 1 missing 50 injured as strong typhoon lashes Japan Xinhua July 20 2011 Japan refiners halt product shipments as Typhoon Ma On nears Chemical News amp Intelligence July 19 2011 a b One dead dozens injured as Typhoon Ma On sideswipes Japan Asia Pacific News July 20 2011 Retrieved 2011 12 10 a b International News Japan Economic Newswire July 20 2011 a b Global storm activity increases in July as the Atlantic hurricane season approaches peak period According to Aon Benfield Study CPI Financial 2011 08 23 Archived from the original on 2013 10 04 Retrieved 2012 02 25 One dead as typhoon sideswipes Japan Agence France Presse July 20 2011 Japan Heat Stroke Deaths Down 70 Pct in July Jiji Press 2011 08 02 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Ma on 2011 JMA General Information of Typhoon Ma on 1106 from Digital Typhoon The JMA s Best Track Data on Typhoon Ma on 1106 in Japanese The JMA s RSMC Best Track Data Graphics on Typhoon Ma on 1106 The JMA s RSMC Best Track Data Text The JTWC s Best Track Data on Typhoon 08W Ma on 08W MA ON from the U S Naval Research Laboratory Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Typhoon Ma on 2011 amp oldid 1162850328, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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