Tutong District
Tutong District (Malay: Daerah Tutong; Jawi: دائيره توتوڠ) or simply Tutong is one of the four districts of Brunei. It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi); the population was 48,313 in 2016.[2] The administrative town is Pekan Tutong. It is home to Tasek Merimbun, the country's largest natural lake.
History
Tutong was formerly a part of the Melanau administration in the 14th century before joining the Brunei Sultanate in the 15th.[3] Prior to the introduction of the British residential system in Brunei in 1906, Tutong was a kuripan land, a type of land ownership in Brunei's traditional government. It was the non-hereditary land of Pengiran Di-Gadong, one of the four traditional wazir (viziers) to the Sultan.[4] The district have seen a rapid rise in population by nearly 15,000 in 1967.[5]
Geography
The district borders the South China Sea to the north, Brunei-Muara District to the north-east, the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the east and south, and Belait District to the west. With an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi), it is the third largest district in Brunei.[1]
The 137-kilometre (85 mi)[6] Tutong River is the sole primary river and only flows in the district. It begins in the district's interior in the south and flows northwards which finally discharges into the South China Sea.
Bukit Bedawan ("Bedawan Hill") is the highest point in the district with a height of 529 metres (1,736 ft).
The district is home to Tasek Merimbun, the largest natural lake in Brunei. It is a designated ASEAN Heritage Park since 29 November 1984.[7]
Administration
Tutong District is administered by Tutong District Office (Jabatan Daerah Tutong), a government department under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
The district is divided into eight mukims:[1][8]
Mukim Pekan Tutong encompasses the municipal area of Pekan Tutong.[citation needed]
According to the Constitution, the district is to be represented in the Legislative Council, the state legislature, by up to 3 members.[9] As of 2017, two members have been appointed to represent the district in the legislature.[10]
Demographics
| Census Year | Pop. | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1971 | 15,858 | — | |
| 1981 | 21,615 | +36.3% | |
| 1991 | 29,732 | +37.6% | |
| 2001 | 38,649 | +30.0% | |
| 2011 | 43,852 | +13.5% | |
| 2016 | 48,313 | +10.2% | |
| |||
| Source: Department of Statistics[11] | |||
Tutong District is the third most populous district in Brunei. According to the 2016 census update,[11] the population was 48,313 and made up about 11.6% of the country's total population. 51.6% were males and 48.4% were females. The racial make-up were as follow: 65.7% were Malays, 10.3% were Chinese, and 24% were those other than the aforementioned races. In terms of residency status, 87% were citizens, 3.9% were permanent residents and 9.1% were temporary residents. In terms of professed religions, 81.9% were Muslims, 2.7% were Christians, 2.9% were Buddhists, and 12.5% professed other than the aforementioned religions or irreligious. The age groups were as follow: 22.5% were 14 years old and below, 18.6% were 15 to 24 years old, 52.8% were 25 to 64 years old, and 6.1% were 65 years old and above. The population is predominantly rural, whereby 77.9% lived in rural areas in contrast to 22.1% in urban areas.
The census also recorded 8,578 households living in 8,491 dwellings in the district.[11]
In 2020, the district's population was estimated to have increased to 51,500.[2]
The main ethnic groups in the district consist of Tutong, Dusun, Kedayan, Iban and Chinese.[12]
Healthcare
Healthcare in the district began with the establishment of a medical clinic in 1932 in Bukit Bendera area near the district town Pekan Tutong.[13] During the Japanese occupation of Brunei (1941–1945), the clinic building suffered great damage due to bombing.
In late 1972, the construction of Tutong District Hospital was completed.[14] It could accommodate 20 beds; healthcare services included surgery room, delivery room, x-ray, dental clinic, outpatient and medical laboratory.
The current district hospital is Pengiran Muda Mahkota Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah (PMMPMHAMB) Hospital which replaced the former Tutong District Hospital. As of today, it is the sole hospital in the district.
There are also four community health centres located in Pekan Tutong, Kampong Sungai Kelugos, Kampong Telisai and Kampong Lamunin.[15] The health centres mainly provide outpatient care to the residents of the village or mukim where they are located, as well as those that live in the surrounding areas.
National Isolation Centre
Tutong District is home to the National Isolation Centre (NIC, Pusat Pengasingan Kebangsaan), the country's dedicated medical isolation facility for communicable diseases. Located in a permanent building beside the district hospital, it was inaugurated by the Crown Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah on 13 November 2012 at a cost of B$8.47 million (US$6.26 million as of September 2021[16]);[17] it can accommodate 136 beds.[18] It is playing a vital role in the COVID-19 situation in Brunei, whereby it is where COVID-19 patients are isolated and treated. A new extension was built in 2020 in the event the existing facility reached full capacity.[18] The construction was completed in three weeks at a cost of B$11 million (US$8.1 million as of September 2021[19]); it can accommodate additional 160 beds. During the COVID-19 outbreak, the adjacent PMMPMHAMB Hospital has also been converted into another extension for the isolation centre.[18]
Education
In 2019,[20] there were 42 schools in Tutong District under the Ministry of Education, out of which 36 were government and 6 were private. The number of teachers were recorded at 1,187, in which 92.3% taught in government schools and 7.7% in private schools. The number of students were recorded at 8,919, whereby 85.2% were enrolled in government schools and 14.8% in private schools. For the formal Islamic religious education which is under the Ministry of Religious Affairs, there were 30 religious schools (19% of the country's total), employing 327 teachers and enrolling 4,102 students.
Education in the district is available up to sixth form, which is provided at Tutong Sixth Form Centre (Pusat Tingkatan Enam Tutong), the sole sixth form college in the district.
Government schools
The government schools are mainly administered under the Ministry of Education. There are 30 primary schools, 5 secondary schools and one sixth form college in the district, which are grouped under Cluster 6 of the Ministry's school administrative district.[21]
The five secondary schools are:
- Muda Hashim Secondary School;
- Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Secondary School;
- Sayyidina 'Othman Secondary School;
- Sufri Bolkiah Secondary School; and
- Tanjong Maya Secondary School.
These schools offer secondary education that leads to Brunei-Cambridge GCE O Level.[22]
The sole sixth form college of the district is the Tutong Sixth Form Centre and offers sixth form education which leads to GCE A Level.[23]
Ma'had Islam Brunei is the only government school in the district which is not administered by the Ministry of Education. It is administered by the Ministry of Religious Affairs and one of the few schools in the country dedicated to Brunei's Arabic-medium Islamic religious education stream, providing preparatory and secondary levels leading up the Sijil Pelajaran Ugama Brunei (Bruneian Certificate of Religious Education), the O Level equivalent of the stream.
Transportation
As of 2019, the district's road network consisted of 673.98 kilometres (418.79 mi), out of which 82.2% were paved.[20]
Places of interest
Tutong has the largest lake in Brunei, Tasek Merimbun, which surrounds the Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park.[24] Other places of interest in Tutong include
- Sungai Basong Recreation Park
- Seri Kenangan Beach
References
- ^ a b c Tutong District (PDF) (7th ed.). Information Department. 2013. ISBN 9991749349. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Department of Economic Planning and Development - Population". www.depd.gov.bn. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
- ^ Mohd Yunos, Rozan (2013). SEMINAR UNITED NATIONS GROUP OF EXPERTS ON GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES ASIA, SOUTHEAST DIVISION (PDF). p. 22.
- ^ Horton, A. V. M. (1987). "The Disturbances in the Tutong and Belait Districts of Brunei (1899-1901)". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. Cambridge University Press on behalf of National University of Singapore. 18 (1): 93–107. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Pembangunan Daerah Tutong Di-Pesatkan" (PDF). Pelita Brunei. 5 April 1967. pp. 4–5.
- ^ Bac-Bronowicz, Joanna; Becek, Kazimierz (2021). "Environmentally based perception of space". ResearchGate. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Fadley Faisal (31 December 2020). "Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park closed for maintenance". Borneo Bulletin Online. Retrieved 4 August 2021.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Jabatan Daerah Tutong, Kementerian Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri - Mukim-Mukim di Daerah Tutong". tutong.gov.bn (in Malay). Retrieved 10 October 2017.
- ^ "CONSTITUTIONAL DOCUMENTS" (PDF). www.agc.gov.bn. p. 179. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ "Pelantikan keahlian Majlis Mesyuarat Negara baharu" (PDF). Pelita Brunei (in Malay). No. 62 #6 (published 14 January 2017). Jabatan Penerangan. 12 January 2017. pp. 1, 2. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ a b c "Population and Housing Census Update Final Report 2016" (PDF). www.deps.gov.bn. Department of Statistics. December 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2021.
- ^ "Jabatan Daerah Tutong, Kementerian Hal Ehwal Dalam Negeri - Profail Tutong". tutong.gov.bn (in Malay). Retrieved 29 September 2017.
- ^ "Puak Tutong", 2004, p. 138
- ^ "Puak Tutong", 2004, p. 139
- ^ "Tutong District" (PDF). p. 21. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
- ^ "XE: Convert BND/USD. Brunei Darussalam Dollar to United States Dollar". XE.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- ^ Rohani Haji Abdul Hamid; Aryentty Haji Ariffin (13 November 2012). "DPMM berangkat rasmikan Pusat Pengasingan Kebangsaan" (PDF). Pelita Brunei (in Malay) (published 14 November 2012). Jabatan Penerangan. pp. 12–13. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c Rasidah Hj Abu Bakar (24 April 2020). "New isolation centre building set to more than double number of beds". The Scoop. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "XE: Convert BND/USD. Brunei Darussalam Dollar to United States Dollar". XE.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
- ^ a b BRUNEI DARUSSALAM STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 2019 (PDF). Department of Economic Planning and Statistics. 2020. ISBN 9789991772264. Retrieved 2 August 2021.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ (in English) "Government". Ministry of Education, Brunei Darussalam. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ^ (in English) "Secondary Education". Ministry of Education, Brunei Darussalam. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ^ (in English) "Post Secondary Education". Ministry of Education, Brunei Darussalam. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ^ (in English) Tasek Merimbun Heritage Park
External links
- (in Malay) Tutong District Office website