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Turkish Hearths (Turkish: Türk Ocakları) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Turkey. It was founded in 1912, during the last years of the Ottoman Empire, in a period when almost all non-Turkish elements had their own national committees, and Turkish Hearths was founded as a Turkish national committee.
Turkish Hearths
View of the Turkish Hearths Headquarters in the 1930s
Following a meeting of the Young Turks, the Turkish nationalists, on 3 July 1911, the NGO was officially founded in Istanbul on 25 March 1912. According to the statute of Turkish Hearths, the activities were mostly concentrated on culture and education, raising the social, economic and intellectual level of the Turkish people for the perfection of the Turkish language and race.[1][2] It published books and magazines, offered courses to raise the Turkish nationalist heritage, founded clubs and organized literary and artistic performances. It also supported students with lodging and health care.[3] After the Russian revolution in 1917 the president of the Turkish Hearths, Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver, also welcomed refugees of Turkic origin.[4] During the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1923), Turkish Hearths supported the meetings held in Istanbul against the occupation of Istanbul. Some members of the organization were arrested by the Allies of World War I, and the activities of the Turkish Hearths were suspended.
After the War of Independence, the Turkish Hearths resumed its former activities with the support of the newly founded Turkish Republic. They were re-established in 1924,[5] and the number of its branch offices increased from 135 in 1925 to 255 in 1930.[6] These branches provided Mustafa Kemal Atatürk with locations for his speeches when he was on tour in the country.[5] The hearths became a social institution, founded libraries and organized seminars on foreign languages, keeping a household, reading or writing among others.[5] In April 1930, the Committee for the Study of Turkish History (TOTTTH) was established as an additional department of the Turkish Hearths.[7] Its first task was to publish a book "General Themes of Turkish History" (Türk Tarihinin Ana Hatlari) which influenced the development of the Turkish History Thesis.[7]
In 1927, the Turkish Hearths' building for the central committee was established in the Çağaloğlu neighborhood of Istanbul and inaugurated by Ismet Inönü, who was a member of the Turkish Hearths since 1917.[6] On the 23 April 1930, a Turkish Historical Commission was established as an additional department of the Turkish Hearths. The central office was moved from Istanbul to Ankara, and a spectacular building, the current building of State Art and Sculpture Museum, as its headquarters was built by using non-governmental funds. However, in the 1930s, the organization lost its non-political character, and on 10 April 1931 it merged into the Republican People's Party (CHP), the ruling party of Turkey at that time. Its head office was handed over to Peoples' Houses, a state sponsored enlightenment project.[8]
Second termedit
On 10 May 1949, the organization was reestablished with non-political character. Although the Turkish Hearts was not as active as in the previous term, beginning by 1954, it increased its activities. After a compulsory pause during the military rule, it continued after 1984.
Activitiesedit
In 1924, the periodical Türk Yurdu ("Turkish Homeland") was published as an organ of the Turkish Hearths,[9]
Each year, a congress is held in another city, alternatively one for history and one for culture,
In 1988, a foundation for education and culture was established, by which scholarships to students from Turkic countries are offered,
Since 1987, people, who contributed to the studies on Turkish culture are awarded annually.
Presidentsedit
The following were elected as the president of the Turkish Hearths:[10]
^Landau, Jacob M. (1981). Pan-Turkism in Turkey. London: C. Hurst & Company. p. 41. ISBN0905838572.
^ abcÖztürkmen, Arzu (1992). "Individuals and Institutions in the Early History of Turkish Folklore, 1840-1950". Journal of Folklore Research. 29 (2): 185. ISSN 0737-7037. JSTOR 3814419.
^ abÜngör, Uğur (2011), The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia, 1913–1950. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 182. ISBN0-19-960360-X.
^ abCagaptay, Soner (2004). "Race, Assimilation and Kemalism: Turkish Nationalism and the Minorities in the 1930s". Middle Eastern Studies. 40 (3): 87–88. doi:10.1080/0026320042000213474. ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4289913. S2CID 143862985.
^Merdim, Emine (2011-07-13). "Türk Ocakları Merkez Binası'ndan Ankara Devlet Resim ve Heykel Müzesi'ne". Arkitera (in Turkish). Retrieved 2021-06-21.
^Georgeon, François (1980). Aux origines du nationalisme Turc. Paris: Éditions A.D.P.F. p. 44. ISBN2865380084.
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Turkish September 2019 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 491 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Turkish Wikipedia article at tr Turk Ocaklari see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated tr Turk Ocaklari to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Turkish Hearths Turkish Turk Ocaklari is a non governmental organization NGO in Turkey It was founded in 1912 during the last years of the Ottoman Empire in a period when almost all non Turkish elements had their own national committees and Turkish Hearths was founded as a Turkish national committee Turkish HearthsView of the Turkish Hearths Headquarters in the 1930sFounded1912 Istanbul Ottoman EmpireTypeTurkish cultural groupLegal statusIndependent 1912 1927 part of Republican People s Party after 1927 PurposeTo spread and develop Turkish culture and language and to modernize TurkeyHeadquartersIstanbul Ankara after 1927 LeaderHamdullah Suphi TanrioverAffiliationsRepublican People s PartyWebsitehttps www turkocaklari org tr Contents 1 History 1 1 First term 1 2 Second term 2 Activities 3 Presidents 4 ReferencesHistory editFirst term edit Following a meeting of the Young Turks the Turkish nationalists on 3 July 1911 the NGO was officially founded in Istanbul on 25 March 1912 According to the statute of Turkish Hearths the activities were mostly concentrated on culture and education raising the social economic and intellectual level of the Turkish people for the perfection of the Turkish language and race 1 2 It published books and magazines offered courses to raise the Turkish nationalist heritage founded clubs and organized literary and artistic performances It also supported students with lodging and health care 3 After the Russian revolution in 1917 the president of the Turkish Hearths Hamdullah Suphi Tanriover also welcomed refugees of Turkic origin 4 During the Turkish War of Independence 1919 1923 Turkish Hearths supported the meetings held in Istanbul against the occupation of Istanbul Some members of the organization were arrested by the Allies of World War I and the activities of the Turkish Hearths were suspended After the War of Independence the Turkish Hearths resumed its former activities with the support of the newly founded Turkish Republic They were re established in 1924 5 and the number of its branch offices increased from 135 in 1925 to 255 in 1930 6 These branches provided Mustafa Kemal Ataturk with locations for his speeches when he was on tour in the country 5 The hearths became a social institution founded libraries and organized seminars on foreign languages keeping a household reading or writing among others 5 In April 1930 the Committee for the Study of Turkish History TOTTTH was established as an additional department of the Turkish Hearths 7 Its first task was to publish a book General Themes of Turkish History Turk Tarihinin Ana Hatlari which influenced the development of the Turkish History Thesis 7 In 1927 the Turkish Hearths building for the central committee was established in the Cagaloglu neighborhood of Istanbul and inaugurated by Ismet Inonu who was a member of the Turkish Hearths since 1917 6 On the 23 April 1930 a Turkish Historical Commission was established as an additional department of the Turkish Hearths The central office was moved from Istanbul to Ankara and a spectacular building the current building of State Art and Sculpture Museum as its headquarters was built by using non governmental funds However in the 1930s the organization lost its non political character and on 10 April 1931 it merged into the Republican People s Party CHP the ruling party of Turkey at that time Its head office was handed over to Peoples Houses a state sponsored enlightenment project 8 Second term edit On 10 May 1949 the organization was reestablished with non political character Although the Turkish Hearts was not as active as in the previous term beginning by 1954 it increased its activities After a compulsory pause during the military rule it continued after 1984 Activities editIn 1924 the periodical Turk Yurdu Turkish Homeland was published as an organ of the Turkish Hearths 9 Each year a congress is held in another city alternatively one for history and one for culture In 1988 a foundation for education and culture was established by which scholarships to students from Turkic countries are offered Since 1987 people who contributed to the studies on Turkish culture are awarded annually Presidents editThe following were elected as the president of the Turkish Hearths 10 First term 1912 Ahmet Ferit Tek 1912 Cemil Serif Baydur 1912 Hamdullah Suphi Tanriover 1st term Second term 1949 Hamdullah Suphi Tanriover 2nd term 1959 Osman Turan 1st term 1960 Necati Akder 1961 Hamdullah Suphi Tanriover 3rd term 1966 Osman Turan 2nd term 1973 Emin Bilgic 1974 Orhan Duzgunes 1994 Sadi Somuncuoglu 1996 Nuri Gurgur 2012 Mehmet Oz in office References edit Landau Jacob M 1981 Pan Turkism in Turkey London C Hurst amp Company p 40 ISBN 0905838572 Ada Holly Shissler Between Two Empires Ahmet Agaoglu and the New Turkey I B Tauris 2003 p 159 Landau Jacob M 1981 Pan Turkism in Turkey London Hurst amp Company pp 40 41 ISBN 0905838572 Landau Jacob M 1981 Pan Turkism in Turkey London C Hurst amp Company p 41 ISBN 0905838572 a b c Ozturkmen Arzu 1992 Individuals and Institutions in the Early History of Turkish Folklore 1840 1950 Journal of Folklore Research 29 2 185 ISSN 0737 7037 JSTOR 3814419 a b Ungor Ugur 2011 The Making of Modern Turkey Nation and State in Eastern Anatolia 1913 1950 Oxford Oxford University Press p 182 ISBN 0 19 960360 X a b Cagaptay Soner 2004 Race Assimilation and Kemalism Turkish Nationalism and the Minorities in the 1930s Middle Eastern Studies 40 3 87 88 doi 10 1080 0026320042000213474 ISSN 0026 3206 JSTOR 4289913 S2CID 143862985 Merdim Emine 2011 07 13 Turk Ocaklari Merkez Binasi ndan Ankara Devlet Resim ve Heykel Muzesi ne Arkitera in Turkish Retrieved 2021 06 21 Georgeon Francois 1980 Aux origines du nationalisme Turc Paris Editions A D P F p 44 ISBN 2865380084 Presidents of Turkish Heaths in Turkish Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Turkish Hearths amp oldid 1208844079, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
