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The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain"[1]) is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system. It receives and processes information from the first, second, and third metameres. The supraesophageal ganglion lies dorsal to the esophagus and consists of three parts, each a pair of ganglia that may be more or less pronounced, reduced, or fused depending on the genus:
The tritocerebrum integrates sensory inputs from the previous two pairs of ganglia.[2] The lobes of the tritocerebrum split to circumvent the esophagus and begin the subesophageal ganglion.
The subesophageal ganglion continues the nervous system and lies ventral to the esophagus. Finally, the segmental ganglia of the ventral nerve cord are found in each body segment as a fused ganglion; they provide the segments with some autonomous control.
A locust brain dissection to expose the central brain and carry out electro-physiology recordings can be seen here.[7]
^Makoto Mizunami, Fumio Yokohari, Masakazu Takahata (1999). "Exploration into the Adaptive Design of the Arthropod "Microbrain"". Zoological Science. 16 (5): 703–709. doi:10.2108/zsj.16.703. S2CID 86501328.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ abcMeyer, John R. "The Nervous System". General Entomology course at North Carolina State University. Department of Entomology NC State University. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
^ abHomberg, U; Christensen, T A; Hildebrand, J G (1989). "Structure and Function of the Deutocerebrum in Insects". Annual Review of Entomology. 34: 477–501. doi:10.1146/annurev.en.34.010189.002401. PMID 2648971.
^"Invertebrate Brain Platform". RIKEN BSI Neuroinformatics Japan Center.
^ "Deutocerebrum". Invertebrate Brain Platform. Chelicerata, with their missing antennae, have a very reduced (or absent) deutocerebrum.
^ "Dissecting insect brain for in vivo electrophysiology". YouTube.
Further readingedit
Erber, J.; Menzel, R. (1977). "Visual interneurons in the median protocerebrum of the bee". Journal of Comparative Physiology. 121 (1): 65–77. doi:10.1007/bf00614181. S2CID 34198518.
Wong, Allan M., Jing W. Wang, and Richard Axel (2002). "Spatial Representation of the Glomerular Map in the Drosophila Protocerebrum". Cell. 109 (2): 229–241. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00707-9. PMID 12007409.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Malun, D.; Waldow, U.; Kraus, D.; Boeckh, J. (1993). "Connections between the deutocerebrum and the protocerebrum, and neuroanatomy of several classes of deutocerebral projection neurons in the brain of male Periplaneta americana". J. Comp. Neurol. 329 (2): 143–162. doi:10.1002/cne.903290202. PMID 8454728. S2CID 20142144.
Flanagan, Daniel; Mercer, Alison R. (1989). "Morphology and response characteristics of neurones in the deutocerebrum of the brain in the honeybeeApis mellifera". Journal of Comparative Physiology A. 164 (4): 483–494. doi:10.1007/bf00610442. S2CID 23327875.
Childress, Steven A.; B. McIver, Susan (1984). "Morphology of the deutocerebrum of female Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 62 (7): 1320–1328. doi:10.1139/z84-190.
Technau, Gerhard (2008). Technau, Gerhard M (ed.). Brain development in Drosophila melanogaster. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (in Dutch). Vol. 628. New York Austin, Tex: Springer Science+Business Media Landes Bioscience. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78261-4. ISBN978-0-387-78260-7. OCLC 314349837.
Aubele, Elisabeth, and Nikolai Klemm (1977). "Origin, destination and mapping of tritocerebral neurons of locust". Cell and Tissue Research. 178 (2): 199–219. doi:10.1007/bf00219048. PMID 66098. S2CID 22872816.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Chaudonneret, J. "Evolution of the insect brain with special reference to the so-called tritocerebrum." Arthropod brain. Wiley, New York (1987): 3-26.
"Behavioral Neuroscience, lecture on Honey Bee and its behavior - Neuroanatomy". Retrieved 2019-02-08.
External linksedit
"Suboesophageal Ganglion". flybrain.
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supraesophageal, ganglion, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Supraesophageal ganglion news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2016 Learn how and when to remove this message Further information Arthropod head problem Look up supraesophageal in Wiktionary the free dictionary The supraesophageal ganglion also supraoesophageal ganglion arthropod brain or microbrain 1 is the first part of the arthropod especially insect central nervous system It receives and processes information from the first second and third metameres The supraesophageal ganglion lies dorsal to the esophagus and consists of three parts each a pair of ganglia that may be more or less pronounced reduced or fused depending on the genus Locust brain The protocerebrum associated with the eyes compound eyes and ocelli 2 Directly associated with the eyes is the optic lobe as the visual center of the brain The deutocerebrum processes sensory information from the antennae 2 3 It consists of two parts the antennal lobe and the dorsal lobe 3 4 5 The dorsal lobe also contains motor neurons which control the antennal muscles 6 The tritocerebrum integrates sensory inputs from the previous two pairs of ganglia 2 The lobes of the tritocerebrum split to circumvent the esophagus and begin the subesophageal ganglion Supraesophageal ganglion 5 Subesophageal ganglion 31 The subesophageal ganglion continues the nervous system and lies ventral to the esophagus Finally the segmental ganglia of the ventral nerve cord are found in each body segment as a fused ganglion they provide the segments with some autonomous control A locust brain dissection to expose the central brain and carry out electro physiology recordings can be seen here 7 Contents 1 See also 2 References 3 Further reading 4 External linksSee also editLateral horn of insect brain Mushroom bodies Virtual Fly Brain Drosophila connectomeReferences edit Makoto Mizunami Fumio Yokohari Masakazu Takahata 1999 Exploration into the Adaptive Design of the Arthropod Microbrain Zoological Science 16 5 703 709 doi 10 2108 zsj 16 703 S2CID 86501328 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link a b c Meyer John R The Nervous System General Entomology course at North Carolina State University Department of Entomology NC State University Retrieved 11 November 2013 a b Homberg U Christensen T A Hildebrand J G 1989 Structure and Function of the Deutocerebrum in Insects Annual Review of Entomology 34 477 501 doi 10 1146 annurev en 34 010189 002401 PMID 2648971 Invertebrate Brain Platform RIKEN BSI Neuroinformatics Japan Center Deutocerebrum Flybrain Deutocerebrum Invertebrate Brain Platform Chelicerata with their missing antennae have a very reduced or absent deutocerebrum Dissecting insect brain for in vivo electrophysiology YouTube Further reading editErber J Menzel R 1977 Visual interneurons in the median protocerebrum of the bee Journal of Comparative Physiology 121 1 65 77 doi 10 1007 bf00614181 S2CID 34198518 Wong Allan M Jing W Wang and Richard Axel 2002 Spatial Representation of the Glomerular Map in theDrosophila Protocerebrum Cell 109 2 229 241 doi 10 1016 S0092 8674 02 00707 9 PMID 12007409 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Malun D Waldow U Kraus D Boeckh J 1993 Connections between the deutocerebrum and the protocerebrum and neuroanatomy of several classes of deutocerebral projection neurons in the brain of male Periplaneta americana J Comp Neurol 329 2 143 162 doi 10 1002 cne 903290202 PMID 8454728 S2CID 20142144 Flanagan Daniel Mercer Alison R 1989 Morphology and response characteristics of neurones in the deutocerebrum of the brain in the honeybeeApis mellifera Journal of Comparative Physiology A 164 4 483 494 doi 10 1007 bf00610442 S2CID 23327875 Childress Steven A B McIver Susan 1984 Morphology of the deutocerebrum of female Aedes aegypti Diptera Culicidae Canadian Journal of Zoology 62 7 1320 1328 doi 10 1139 z84 190 Technau Gerhard 2008 Technau Gerhard M ed Brain development in Drosophila melanogaster Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology in Dutch Vol 628 New York Austin Tex Springer Science Business Media Landes Bioscience doi 10 1007 978 0 387 78261 4 ISBN 978 0 387 78260 7 OCLC 314349837 Aubele Elisabeth and Nikolai Klemm 1977 Origin destination and mapping of tritocerebral neurons of locust Cell and Tissue Research 178 2 199 219 doi 10 1007 bf00219048 PMID 66098 S2CID 22872816 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Chaudonneret J Evolution of the insect brain with special reference to the so called tritocerebrum Arthropod brain Wiley New York 1987 3 26 Behavioral Neuroscience lecture on Honey Bee and its behavior Neuroanatomy Retrieved 2019 02 08 External links edit Suboesophageal Ganglion flybrain nbsp This insect anatomy related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Supraesophageal ganglion amp oldid 1147909528, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
