John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, captured Paris in 1418, and made himself protector of the King, Charles VI of France. He entered into negotiations with the English in which he seemed willing to welcome the king of England's claim on the French throne. It became imperative for the Dauphin to negotiate a rapprochement with the Burgundians to avoid an Anglo-Burgundian alliance. John the Fearless, on his part, had become master of a large part of the kingdom after his capture of Paris, but his finances were at rock bottom. John was thus in favour of meeting the Dauphin in order to sign up to an advantageous peace, so several meetings were organised.[2]
The treatyedit
John the Fearless and the Dauphin met at Pouilly-le-Fort, a castle located between Melun and Corbeil,[3] initially on 8 July 1419,[4] but were unable to agree. They met again on 11 July[5][6] and, after initial differences, the Duke and the Dauphin came to an agreement, accompanied by a sworn and signed treaty. In the treaty, the Duke and Dauphin swore peace and loyalty to each other, to help and defend each other against the English, and to work towards the “repulsion” of the English. Their oaths were taken on the Bible, held by the bishop of Léon.[7]
After the agreement, "…the lords of the two retinues raised their hands to the sky. Soon, they mingled with each other and forgetting all resentment, they hugged each other like brothers. After signing the treaty, the two princes stretched out their hands, and swore, having giving each other the kiss of peace, to remain closely united, and made great demonstrations of friendship."[8]
When news of the treaty reached Paris, it was greeted with universal joy: bonfires were lit, bells were rung, and Te Deums were sung in the churches.[9]
On the grounds that peace was not sufficiently assured by the meeting at Pouilly, a fresh interview was proposed by the Dauphin to take place on 10 September 1419 on the bridge at Montereau, in order to build a strategy that would allow them to fight against the English.
However, at the meeting, Charles's men accused the Burgundians of not keeping their promise to break off their alliances with the English. John the Fearless was killed, felled with an axe by Tanneguy du Chastel, one of the Dauphin’s companions, and done to death by the other members of the Dauphin’s escort. Contemporary evidence shows this was a political assassination, and almost certainly carefully premeditated.[10]
Following this event, Jean's son and successor Philip the Good formed an alliance with the English, which would prolong the Hundred Years' War for decades and cause incalculable damage to France and its subjects.[11]
Referencesedit
^Chantal, J. B. de (1839). Manuel des dates en forme de dictionnaire... (in French). Perisse Frères.
^Vaughan, Richard (1 January 1966). John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power, Volume 2 (2002 ed.). Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 263–286. ISBN0851159168. Retrieved 28 December 2023.
^Anquetil, Louis-Pierre (1817). Histoire de France (continuee jusque au traite de paix du 20 novembre 1815 par Jean-Pierre Gallais) (in French). Janet et Cotelle.
^"10 septembre 1419 - L'assassinat de Jean sans Peur - Herodote.net". www.herodote.net. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^Adams, Tracy (2010). The Life and Afterlife of Isabeau of Bavaria. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 35. ASIN B07DFN5FVJ. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
^Prévost-Bouré, Jacques (31 December 1980). Jean de Luxembourg et Jeanne d'Arc (in French). FeniXX réédition numérique. ISBN978-2-402-11750-0.
du Fresne de Beaucourt, Gaston (1881). (in French). Vol. I: Le dauphin, 1403–1422. Paris: Librairie de la société bibliographique. pp. 143–153. Archived from the original on 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
treaty, pouilly, fort, also, called, treaty, pouilly, peace, ponceau, signed, july, 1419, john, fearless, french, jean, sans, peur, duke, burgundy, sixteen, year, dauphin, charles, future, charles, france, signed11, july, 1419, 1419, locationpouilly, fortsigna. The Treaty of Pouilly le Fort also called the Treaty of Pouilly and the Peace of Ponceau 1 was signed on 11 July 1419 by John the Fearless French Jean sans Peur Duke of Burgundy and the sixteen year old Dauphin Charles the future Charles VII of France Treaty of Pouilly le FortSigned11 July 1419 1419 07 11 LocationPouilly le FortSignatoriesDauphin Charles John the FearlessPartiesKingdom of France Duchy of BurgundyThe Dauphin Charles Portrait as Charles VII of France c 1445 1450 Louvre Museum John the Fearless Duke of Burgundy c 1404 1405 Louvre Museum Contents 1 Background 2 The treaty 3 Subsequent events 4 References 5 Sources 6 See alsoBackground editSee also Hundred Years War and Armagnac Burgundian Civil War In 1407 during a lull in the Hundred Years War against the English civil war had broken out between two cadet branches of the French royal family the House of Orleans Armagnac faction and the House of Burgundy Burgundian faction John the Fearless Duke of Burgundy captured Paris in 1418 and made himself protector of the King Charles VI of France He entered into negotiations with the English in which he seemed willing to welcome the king of England s claim on the French throne It became imperative for the Dauphin to negotiate a rapprochement with the Burgundians to avoid an Anglo Burgundian alliance John the Fearless on his part had become master of a large part of the kingdom after his capture of Paris but his finances were at rock bottom John was thus in favour of meeting the Dauphin in order to sign up to an advantageous peace so several meetings were organised 2 The treaty editJohn the Fearless and the Dauphin met at Pouilly le Fort a castle located between Melun and Corbeil 3 initially on 8 July 1419 4 but were unable to agree They met again on 11 July 5 6 and after initial differences the Duke and the Dauphin came to an agreement accompanied by a sworn and signed treaty In the treaty the Duke and Dauphin swore peace and loyalty to each other to help and defend each other against the English and to work towards the repulsion of the English Their oaths were taken on the Bible held by the bishop of Leon 7 After the agreement the lords of the two retinues raised their hands to the sky Soon they mingled with each other and forgetting all resentment they hugged each other like brothers After signing the treaty the two princes stretched out their hands and swore having giving each other the kiss of peace to remain closely united and made great demonstrations of friendship 8 When news of the treaty reached Paris it was greeted with universal joy bonfires were lit bells were rung and Te Deums were sung in the churches 9 Subsequent events editSee also Assassination of John the Fearless On the grounds that peace was not sufficiently assured by the meeting at Pouilly a fresh interview was proposed by the Dauphin to take place on 10 September 1419 on the bridge at Montereau in order to build a strategy that would allow them to fight against the English However at the meeting Charles s men accused the Burgundians of not keeping their promise to break off their alliances with the English John the Fearless was killed felled with an axe by Tanneguy du Chastel one of the Dauphin s companions and done to death by the other members of the Dauphin s escort Contemporary evidence shows this was a political assassination and almost certainly carefully premeditated 10 Following this event Jean s son and successor Philip the Good formed an alliance with the English which would prolong the Hundred Years War for decades and cause incalculable damage to France and its subjects 11 References edit Chantal J B de 1839 Manuel des dates en forme de dictionnaire in French Perisse Freres Vaughan Richard 1 January 1966 John the Fearless The Growth of Burgundian Power Volume 2 2002 ed Woodbridge Boydell amp Brewer pp 263 286 ISBN 0851159168 Retrieved 28 December 2023 Anquetil Louis Pierre 1817 Histoire de France continuee jusque au traite de paix du 20 novembre 1815 par Jean Pierre Gallais in French Janet et Cotelle 10 septembre 1419 L assassinat de Jean sans Peur Herodote net www herodote net Retrieved 17 January 2024 Adams Tracy 2010 The Life and Afterlife of Isabeau of Bavaria Johns Hopkins University Press p 35 ASIN B07DFN5FVJ Retrieved 29 December 2023 Prevost Boure Jacques 31 December 1980 Jean de Luxembourg et Jeanne d Arc in French FeniXX reedition numerique ISBN 978 2 402 11750 0 du Fresne de Beaucourt 1881 pp 147 148 du Fresne de Beaucourt 1881 pp 145 146 du Fresne de Beaucourt 1881 p 152 Vaughan 1998 Poupardin 1911 p 445 Sources edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Poupardin Rene 1911 John called the Fearless In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 445 46 du Fresne de Beaucourt Gaston 1881 Histoire de Charles VII in French Vol I Le dauphin 1403 1422 Paris Librairie de la societe bibliographique pp 143 153 Archived from the original on 24 December 2023 Retrieved 24 December 2023 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Vaughan R 1998 John Duke of Burgundy Encyclopaedia Britannica See also editHundred Years War Charles VII of France John the Fearless Assassination of John the Fearless Armagnac Burgundian Civil War Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Treaty of Pouilly le Fort amp oldid 1203337515, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
