In radio communication, a transceiver is an electronic device which is a combination of a radio transmitter and a receiver, hence the name. It can both transmit and receive radio waves using an antenna, for communication purposes. These two related functions are often combined in a single device to reduce manufacturing costs. The term is also used for other devices which can both transmit and receive through a communications channel, such as optical transceivers which transmit and receive light in optical fiber systems, and bus transceivers which transmit and receive digital data in computer data buses.
Radio transceivers are widely used in wireless devices. One large use is in two-way radios, which are audio transceivers used for bidirectional person-to-person voice communication. Examples are cell phones, which transmit and receive the two sides of a phone conversation using radio waves to a cell tower, cordless phones in which both the phone handset and the base station have transceivers to communicate both sides of the conversation, and land mobile radio systems like walkie-talkies and CB radios. Another large use is in wireless modems in mobile networked computer devices such laptops, pads, and cellphones, which both transmit digital data to and receive data from a wireless router. Aircraft carry automated microwave transceivers called transponders which, when they are triggered by microwaves from an air traffic control radar, transmit a coded signal back to the radar to identify the aircraft. Satellite transponders in communication satellites receive digital telecommunication data from a satellite ground station, and retransmit it to another ground station.
The transceiver first appeared in the 1920s. Before then, receivers and transmitters were manufactured separately and devices that wanted to receive and transmit data required both components. Almost all amateur radio equipment today uses transceivers, but there is an active market for pure radio receivers, which are mainly used by shortwave listening operators.
Analog
Analog transceivers use frequency modulation to send and receive data. Although this technique limits the complexity of the data that can be broadcast, analog transceivers operate very reliably and are used in many emergency communication systems. They are also cheaper than digital transceivers, which makes them popular with the CB and HAM radio communities.
Digital
Digital transceivers send and receive binary data over radio waves. This allows more types of data to be broadcast, including video and encrypted communication, which is commonly used by police and fire departments. Digital transmissions tend to be clearer and more detailed than their analog counterparts. Many modern wireless devices operate on digital transmissions.
Usage
Telephony
A decapped integrated circuit of a transceiver used in handheld communication devices and radio equipment as a modem extension. On-die passfilters are visible.
In a wired telephone, the handset contains the transmitter (for speaking) and receiver (for listening). Despite being able to transmit and receive data, the whole unit is colloquially referred to as a "receiver". On a mobile telephone or other radiotelephone, the entire unit is a transceiver for both audio and radio.
A cordless telephone uses an audio and radio transceiver for the handset, and a radio transceiver for the base station. If a speakerphone is included in a wired telephone base or in a cordless base station, the base also becomes an audio transceiver.
A modem is similar to a transceiver in that it sends and receives a signal, but a modem uses modulation and demodulation. It modulates the signal being transmitted and demodulates the signal being received.
Because transceivers are capable of broadcasting information over airwaves, they are required to adhere to various regulations. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission oversees their use. Transceivers must meet certain standards and capabilities depending on their intended use, and manufacturers must comply with these requirements. However, transceivers can be modified by users to violate FCC regulations. For instance, they might be used to broadcast on a frequency or channel that they should not have access to. For this reason, the FCC monitors not only the production but also the use of these devices.
Rutledge, D. (1999). The electronics of radio. Cambridge [England]; New York: Cambridge University Press.
Reinhart, R. C. K. (2004). Reconfigurable transceiver and software-defined radio architecture and technology evaluated for NASA space communications. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050215177
Govinfo. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2020, from https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CFR-2010-title47-vol1/CFR-2010-title47-vol1-sec2-926
Haring, K. (2007). Ham radio's technical culture (Inside technology). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Look up transceiver or handset in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Transceivers and Radio transceivers.
U.S. Patent 0,716,136, John Stone Stone, "Apparatus for simultaneously transmitting and receiving space telegraph signals"
7 MHz SSB transceiver
February 13, 2023
transceiver, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, august, 2020, learn, when, remo. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations August 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message In radio communication a transceiver is an electronic device which is a combination of a radio transmitter and a receiver hence the name It can both transmit and receive radio waves using an antenna for communication purposes These two related functions are often combined in a single device to reduce manufacturing costs The term is also used for other devices which can both transmit and receive through a communications channel such as optical transceivers which transmit and receive light in optical fiber systems and bus transceivers which transmit and receive digital data in computer data buses Radio transceivers are widely used in wireless devices One large use is in two way radios which are audio transceivers used for bidirectional person to person voice communication Examples are cell phones which transmit and receive the two sides of a phone conversation using radio waves to a cell tower cordless phones in which both the phone handset and the base station have transceivers to communicate both sides of the conversation and land mobile radio systems like walkie talkies and CB radios Another large use is in wireless modems in mobile networked computer devices such laptops pads and cellphones which both transmit digital data to and receive data from a wireless router Aircraft carry automated microwave transceivers called transponders which when they are triggered by microwaves from an air traffic control radar transmit a coded signal back to the radar to identify the aircraft Satellite transponders in communication satellites receive digital telecommunication data from a satellite ground station and retransmit it to another ground station Contents 1 History 1 1 Analog 1 2 Digital 2 Usage 2 1 Telephony 2 2 Ethernet 3 Regulation 4 See also 5 References 6 External articlesHistory Edit A modern HF transceiver with a spectrum analyzer and DSP capabilities The transceiver first appeared in the 1920s Before then receivers and transmitters were manufactured separately and devices that wanted to receive and transmit data required both components Almost all amateur radio equipment today uses transceivers but there is an active market for pure radio receivers which are mainly used by shortwave listening operators Analog Edit Analog transceivers use frequency modulation to send and receive data Although this technique limits the complexity of the data that can be broadcast analog transceivers operate very reliably and are used in many emergency communication systems They are also cheaper than digital transceivers which makes them popular with the CB and HAM radio communities Digital Edit Digital transceivers send and receive binary data over radio waves This allows more types of data to be broadcast including video and encrypted communication which is commonly used by police and fire departments Digital transmissions tend to be clearer and more detailed than their analog counterparts Many modern wireless devices operate on digital transmissions Usage EditTelephony Edit A decapped integrated circuit of a transceiver used in handheld communication devices and radio equipment as a modem extension On die passfilters are visible In a wired telephone the handset contains the transmitter for speaking and receiver for listening Despite being able to transmit and receive data the whole unit is colloquially referred to as a receiver On a mobile telephone or other radiotelephone the entire unit is a transceiver for both audio and radio A cordless telephone uses an audio and radio transceiver for the handset and a radio transceiver for the base station If a speakerphone is included in a wired telephone base or in a cordless base station the base also becomes an audio transceiver A modem is similar to a transceiver in that it sends and receives a signal but a modem uses modulation and demodulation It modulates the signal being transmitted and demodulates the signal being received Ethernet Edit 100BASE TX connected to a 100BASE FX transceiver Transceivers are called Medium Attachment Units MAUs in IEEE 802 3 documents and were widely used in 10BASE2 and 10BASE5 Ethernet networks Fiber optic gigabit 10 Gigabit Ethernet 40 Gigabit Ethernet and 100 Gigabit Ethernet utilize GBIC SFP SFP QSFP XFP XAUI CXP and CFP transceiver systems Regulation EditSee also Federal Communications Commission Because transceivers are capable of broadcasting information over airwaves they are required to adhere to various regulations In the United States the Federal Communications Commission oversees their use Transceivers must meet certain standards and capabilities depending on their intended use and manufacturers must comply with these requirements However transceivers can be modified by users to violate FCC regulations For instance they might be used to broadcast on a frequency or channel that they should not have access to For this reason the FCC monitors not only the production but also the use of these devices See also Edit Electronics portalTwo way radio 4P4C de facto standard connector for telephone handsets Duplex two way communications capability Radar beacon TransponderReferences EditRutledge D 1999 The electronics of radio Cambridge England New York Cambridge University Press Reinhart R C K 2004 Reconfigurable transceiver and software defined radio architecture and technology evaluated for NASA space communications https ntrs nasa gov search jsp R 20050215177 Govinfo n d Retrieved February 29 2020 from https www govinfo gov app details CFR 2010 title47 vol1 CFR 2010 title47 vol1 sec2 926 Haring K 2007 Ham radio s technical culture Inside technology Cambridge Mass MIT Press This article incorporates public domain material from Federal Standard 1037C General Services Administration in support of MIL STD 188 External articles Edit Look up transceiver or handset in Wiktionary the free dictionary Wikimedia Commons has media related to wbr Transceivers and wbr Radio transceivers U S Patent 0 716 136 John Stone Stone Apparatus for simultaneously transmitting and receiving space telegraph signals 7 MHz SSB transceiver Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Transceiver amp oldid 1131098620, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
