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Train T

December 20, 2023

The Train 2T, 4T and 6T were low power piston engines for light aircraft, produced in France. They were inverted, air-cooled in-line engines with the same bore and stroke, differing chiefly in the number of cylinders.

2T, 4T, 6T
Type In line air-cooled inverted piston engine
National origin France
Manufacturer Établissements E. Train

Design and development edit

In the 1930s Train introduced a series of air-cooled, inverted in-line piston engines for light aircraft. The T series all used the same cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, valve trains and ignition system, combined into 2 (2T), 4 (4T), and 6 (6T) cylinder units of the same layout. The number of crankshaft bearings (3, 5 or 7) and throws (2, 4 or 6) naturally depended on the number of cylinders, as did the number of cams (4, 8 or 12) on the underhead camshaft. Each cylinder had a swept volume of 0.5 L (30.5 cu in), so the displacements were 1 L (61.0 cu in), 2 L (122.0 cu in) and 3 L (183.1 cu in) and the rated outputs 15 kW (20.1 hp), 30 kW (40.2 hp) and 44.7 kW (60 hp) respectively. The Train 6D was a variant of the 6T with increased bore of 85 mm (3.3 in).[1]

Operational history edit

Several International 2-litre Class records were set in 1937 by aircraft powered by the Train 4T. On 7 June 1937 M. Duverene averaged 154.5 km/h (96.0 mph; 83.4 kn) over 1,000 km (621.4 mi; 540.0 nmi) and 95 km/h (59.0 mph; 51.3 kn) over 1,000 km (621.4 mi; 540.0 nmi) in a single engine Kellner-Béchereau E.1. On 27 December 1937 Mme Lafargue reached an altitude of 4,935 m (16,191 ft) in a Touya, setting both a class and a women's record.[1]

It also powered aircraft on some notable cross-country flights; on 30 December 1937 M. Lenee flew a Kellner-Béchereau E.1 from Elde to Biarritz, a distance of 1,229 km (763.7 mi; 663.6 nmi); the same day M. Blazy flew a two-seat SFAN 5 aircraft from Guyancourt to Champniers, Charente, covering 330 km (205.1 mi; 178.2 nmi).[1]

Six Train 4Ts were used in the 2 seat, 18 m (59.1 ft) span Potez-CAMS 160 flying boat, a 1:2.6 scale model of the large Potez-CAMS 161 aircraft.[2]

Variants edit

From Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938[1] unless noted

Train 2T
2-cylinders, 80 mm (3.15 in), 1 L (61.0 cu in), 15 kW (20.1 hp)
Train 4T
4-cylinders, 80 mm (3.15 in), 2 L (122.0 cu in), 30 kW (40.2 hp)
Train 4A - 30–41 kW (40–55 hp) variant of the 4T[3]
Train 4E - 37–41 kW (50–55 hp) variant of the 4T[3]
Train 6T
6-cylinders, 80 mm (3.15 in), 3 L (183.1 cu in), 44.7 kW (60 hp)
Train 6C-01
Powered the Tokyo Imperial University LB-2
Train 6D
6-cylinders, 85 mm (3.35 in), 3.4 L (207.5 cu in), 62 kW (83.1 hp)

Applications edit

From Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938[1] and www.AviaFrance

4-cylinder models edit

6-cylinder models edit

Specifications (4T) edit

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938[1]

General characteristics

  • Type: 4-cylinder inline inverted air-cooled
  • Bore: 80 mm (3.15 in)
  • Stroke: 100 mm (3.94 in)
  • Displacement: 2.01 L (123 in3))
  • Length: 670 mm (26.4 in)
  • Width: 240 mm (9.45 in)
  • Height: 516 mm (20.3 in)
  • Dry weight: 46 kg (101 lb)

Components

  • Valvetrain: Valves directly operated by cams on underhead camshaft, driven from crankshaft via bevel gears. One inlet and one exhaust valve/cylinder.
  • Fuel system: single carburetter
  • Ignition system: Choice of one or two magnetos with one or two plugs/cylinder
  • Oil system: Pumped under pressure from external tank, feeding main bearings and big ends; little ends and piston walls spray fed. Gravity return. Underhead valve gear in full length oil bath.
  • Cooling system: air
  • Reduction gear: None
  • Cylinders: Machined steel barrels with aluminium-bronze heads containing machined valve seat and secured with long bolts to crankcase.
Pistons
Aluminium alloy. Floating gudgeon pins. Three compression and one scraper ring/cylinder
Connecting rods
Forged duralumin with split big ends.
Crankshaft
4-throw steel casting with 5 white metal lined bearings. Front ball race thrust bearing.
Crankcase
Aluminium casting in top and bottom halves, with capped crankshaft bearings in the lower part.

Performance

See also edit

Related lists

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f Grey, C.G. (1972). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938. London: David & Charles. p. 56d. ISBN 0-7153-5734-4.
  2. ^ Grey, C.G. (1972). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938. p. 111c.
  3. ^ a b "Un nouveaux moteur: le Train 4E-01 de 50/55CV". Les Ailes (946): 7. 24 August 1936.
  4. ^ "Que reste-t-il des Avions du 1936?". Les Ailes (910): 15. 3 November 1938.

December 20, 2023
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The Train 2T 4T and 6T were low power piston engines for light aircraft produced in France They were inverted air cooled in line engines with the same bore and stroke differing chiefly in the number of cylinders 2T 4T 6TType In line air cooled inverted piston engineNational origin FranceManufacturer Etablissements E Train Contents 1 Design and development 2 Operational history 3 Variants 4 Applications 4 1 4 cylinder models 4 2 6 cylinder models 5 Specifications 4T 5 1 General characteristics 5 2 Components 5 3 Performance 6 See also 7 ReferencesDesign and development editIn the 1930s Train introduced a series of air cooled inverted in line piston engines for light aircraft The T series all used the same cylinders pistons connecting rods valve trains and ignition system combined into 2 2T 4 4T and 6 6T cylinder units of the same layout The number of crankshaft bearings 3 5 or 7 and throws 2 4 or 6 naturally depended on the number of cylinders as did the number of cams 4 8 or 12 on the underhead camshaft Each cylinder had a swept volume of 0 5 L 30 5 cu in so the displacements were 1 L 61 0 cu in 2 L 122 0 cu in and 3 L 183 1 cu in and the rated outputs 15 kW 20 1 hp 30 kW 40 2 hp and 44 7 kW 60 hp respectively The Train 6D was a variant of the 6T with increased bore of 85 mm 3 3 in 1 Operational history editSeveral International 2 litre Class records were set in 1937 by aircraft powered by the Train 4T On 7 June 1937 M Duverene averaged 154 5 km h 96 0 mph 83 4 kn over 1 000 km 621 4 mi 540 0 nmi and 95 km h 59 0 mph 51 3 kn over 1 000 km 621 4 mi 540 0 nmi in a single engine Kellner Bechereau E 1 On 27 December 1937 Mme Lafargue reached an altitude of 4 935 m 16 191 ft in a Touya setting both a class and a women s record 1 It also powered aircraft on some notable cross country flights on 30 December 1937 M Lenee flew a Kellner Bechereau E 1 from Elde to Biarritz a distance of 1 229 km 763 7 mi 663 6 nmi the same day M Blazy flew a two seat SFAN 5 aircraft from Guyancourt to Champniers Charente covering 330 km 205 1 mi 178 2 nmi 1 Six Train 4Ts were used in the 2 seat 18 m 59 1 ft span Potez CAMS 160 flying boat a 1 2 6 scale model of the large Potez CAMS 161 aircraft 2 Variants editFrom Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1938 1 unless noted Train 2T 2 cylinders 80 mm 3 15 in 1 L 61 0 cu in 15 kW 20 1 hp Train 4T 4 cylinders 80 mm 3 15 in 2 L 122 0 cu in 30 kW 40 2 hp Train 4A 30 41 kW 40 55 hp variant of the 4T 3 Train 4E 37 41 kW 50 55 hp variant of the 4T 3 dd Train 6T 6 cylinders 80 mm 3 15 in 3 L 183 1 cu in 44 7 kW 60 hp Train 6C 01 Powered the Tokyo Imperial University LB 2Train 6D 6 cylinders 85 mm 3 35 in 3 4 L 207 5 cu in 62 kW 83 1 hp Applications editFrom Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1938 1 and www AviaFrance 4 cylinder models edit Brochet MB 50 4T Carmier T 10 4A Caudron C 344 4T Chilton D W 1A 4T Druine Aigle 777 4T Duverne Saran 4T Hennion 01 4A 01 Kellner Bechereau E 1 4T Mauboussin Hemiptere 4T Morane Saulnier MS 660 4E 01 Nicolas Claude NC 2 Aquilon 4E 01 Payen AP 10 4T Potez CAMS 160 4T or 4A 01 Regnier 12 4T Touya aircraft clarification needed 4T Trebucien Sport 4T 6 cylinder models edit Aubert PA 20 Cigale 6T Duverne Saran 01 6T Kellner Bechereau EC 4 6T Kellner Bechereau ED 5 6T S E C A T S 4 Mouette SECAT VI La Mouette 6T SFAN 5 6T 4 Volland V 10 6T Specifications 4T editData from Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1938 1 General characteristics Type 4 cylinder inline inverted air cooled Bore 80 mm 3 15 in Stroke 100 mm 3 94 in Displacement 2 01 L 123 in3 Length 670 mm 26 4 in Width 240 mm 9 45 in Height 516 mm 20 3 in Dry weight 46 kg 101 lb Components Valvetrain Valves directly operated by cams on underhead camshaft driven from crankshaft via bevel gears One inlet and one exhaust valve cylinder Fuel system single carburetter Ignition system Choice of one or two magnetos with one or two plugs cylinder Oil system Pumped under pressure from external tank feeding main bearings and big ends little ends and piston walls spray fed Gravity return Underhead valve gear in full length oil bath Cooling system air Reduction gear None Cylinders Machined steel barrels with aluminium bronze heads containing machined valve seat and secured with long bolts to crankcase Pistons Aluminium alloy Floating gudgeon pins Three compression and one scraper ring cylinder Connecting rods Forged duralumin with split big ends Crankshaft 4 throw steel casting with 5 white metal lined bearings Front ball race thrust bearing Crankcase Aluminium casting in top and bottom halves with capped crankshaft bearings in the lower part Performance Power output Rated 30 kW 40 hp actual 33 kW 44 hp both at 2 300 rpm Specific power 16 5 kW L 0 64 hp in3 Compression ratio 6 1 Specific fuel consumption 322 g kW h 0 529 lb hp h Oil consumption 61 g kW h 0 10 lb hp h Power to weight ratio 0 72 kW kg 0 44 hp lb See also editRelated lists List of aircraft enginesReferences edit a b c d e f Grey C G 1972 Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1938 London David amp Charles p 56d ISBN 0 7153 5734 4 Grey C G 1972 Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1938 p 111c a b Un nouveaux moteur le Train 4E 01 de 50 55CV Les Ailes 946 7 24 August 1936 Que reste t il des Avions du 1936 Les Ailes 910 15 3 November 1938 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Train T amp oldid 1126753241, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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