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Toma Raspasani

May 02, 2024

Toma Raspasani (Italian: Tomasso Raspassani, c. 1648-1718) was an Albanian Franciscan friar and vicar, subordinate Pjetër Bogdani, Archbishop of Skopje, with whom he organized an Albanian pro-Austrian movement that would fight in the Great Turkish War against the Ottoman Empire.

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Toma Raspasani
Born1648
Black Mountain of Skopje
Died1718
Budapest
NationalityOttoman-Albanian
Alma materJesuit Illyrian College
Occupations
Known forOrganizing pro-Austrian Albanian rebels in Kosovo during Great Turkish War
Movementpro-Austrian
FamilyRaspasani

Life edit

He was born in 1648.[1][2] His definite birthplace has not been established, and it is thought to have been in either Skopska Crna Gora, or the surroundings of Prizren or Peja.[1][2] According to British author Noel Malcolm it was Skopska Crna Gora.[3] At the time these were part of the Ottoman Sanjak of Üsküb and Sanjak of Prizren. He most likely enrolled in the primary school and theological school of Janjevo.[1][2] Toma was educated by Jesuits at Illyrian college in Loreto.[4] After studying in Italy he was appointed parish priest in Prizren in 1679.[3] According to different sources, he spoke Albanian, Serbian, Latin and Italian.[citation needed]

With the outbreak of the Great Turkish War, the Austrian Empire sought allies in Southeastern Europe. On November 1,[5] or November 6, General Enea Silvio Piccolomini reached Prizren, where he according to sources was received by "an archbishop and a patriarch".[6] This has been interpreted by some Yugoslav historians as being Albanian Catholic Pjetër Bogdani, Archbishop of Skopje, and Arsenije III Čarnojević, the Serbian Patriarch.[5][7][8] Those sources claim that Piccolomini consulted with Patriarch Arsenije and Archbishop Bogdani about the organization of newly recruited rebels and providing food for them, and Raspasani helped Piccolomini a lot, as the negotiations went through him as he knew Latin and Italian.[9] However the patriarch could not have been the Serbian Patriarch, since "he was absent from the region at that time".[6] Pjetër Bogdani seemed to have played the leading role in organizing the Albanian pro-Austrian movement in the region, while Raspasani was also prominent.[3] According to some sources, Raspasani was the one who gathered the Albanians by himself.[8]

Piccolomini died in Prizren of plague on November 9, 1689, during negotiations.[10] General Federico Veterani succeeded Piccolomini.[10] Raspasani substituted the deceased Bogdani (1689†) as the leader of the Albanian pro-Austrian movement.[11]

The Austrians began fortifying Niš,[when?] and Lieutenant colonel Antonije Znorić returned from Belgrade to Niš with 2,500 infantry of the Serbian Militia after the order of Veterani; Raspasani was also with them, as a translator.[12][13]

Raspasani wrote in 1693 that many of the Catholics of Kosovo had left for Budapest, "where most of them died, some of hunger, others of disease".[14]

Later life and death edit

After the retreat of the Habsburgs from Kosovo in 1690, Raspasani moved together with the army towards Buda, where he stayed until the end of his life. His life is recorded there in archival documents of the city. He seems to have had a good life, with great wealth, being an active member of society. Raspasani served holding a high position at one of the churches of the city, where he was close to the Jesuit order. His testament written just before his death in 1718 is still kept at the archival funds in Budapest.[15]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Andrić 1991, p. 295: "Тома Распасановић, рођен око 1648. године (можда у Скопској Црној гори или у околини Призрена или Пећи, што још није сасвим сигурно утврђено) завршио је основну, мисионарску, школу вероватно у Јањеву, на 72 МЈсћае1"
  2. ^ a b c Österreichisches Staatsarchiv (1960). Mitteilungen des österreichischen Staatsarchivs, Volume 13. Österreichische Staatsdruckerei. pp. 220, 221, 228, p. 221. Toma Raspasanovic, geboren um 1648 (im Bergland um Üsküb oder in der Umgebung von Prizren oder Ipek, was noch nicht eindeutig geklärt wurde), besuchte die Volks- und Missionärsschule vermutlich in Janjevo auf dem Amselfeld.
  3. ^ a b c Malcolm 1998, p. 148
  4. ^ Зборник Матице српске: Серија друштвених наука. Научно одељење Матице српске. 1955. p. 44.
  5. ^ a b Marko Jačov (2001). L'Europa tra conquiste ottomane e Leghe Sante. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. p. 131. ISBN 9788821007309. Non soltanto il patriarca serbo, Arsenije Carnojevic, ma anche l'arcivescovo cattolico di Scopie, Pietro Bogdani, ei "capi delle vicine nazioni" accolsero il generale Piccolomini il 1 novembre 1689 a Prizren, una volta sede del re e poi
  6. ^ a b Forcade & Nivet 2008, p. 75: "Puis le 6 novembre, Piccolomini est entre a Prizren ou il a ete recu, disent les sources, par « un archeveque et patriarche ». Est-ce l'archevê que catholique albanais Bogdani ? Il est, en revanche, certain (comme l'a montré l'historien britannique Noël Malcolm) que ce ne peut être le patriarche serbe orthodoxe Arsène III Cernojevic, absent de la region a cette date... Toujours est-il que le clergé catholique, Bogdani et un de ses collaborateurs Toma Raspasani, favorise le ralliement des Albanais à l'empereur."
  7. ^ Šufflay 1925, p. 67: "kad je austrijska vojska (1689) pro* drla duboko u Balkan. Tada je pri zadobivanju Arbanasa za ustanak proti Turcima stekao najviše zasluge Franjevac Toma Rospasari, dok je vodja srpskih ustaša bio pećki patrijarh Arse* nije III."
  8. ^ a b Društvo istoričara SR Srbije 1959, p. 134: "да су прегово- рима у Призрену, истина, присуствовали и патријарх Арсеније и Петар Богдани са својим викаром дон Томом, али да је дон Тома био тај који је „целу ову тако успешну (1) акцију око придобијања Арбанаса, водио."
  9. ^ Društvo istoričara SR Srbije 1959, p. 147: "Пиколомини се саветовао из болесничке постеље са патријархом Арсенијем III и скоп- ским надбискупом Богданијем о уређењу новопридошлих устаника, о њи- ховој исхрани итд. Том приликом викар скопског надбискупа дон Тома Распасановић много помогао генералу Пиколинију, јер су преко њега вођени преговори пошто је он знао латински и талијански"
  10. ^ a b Društvo istoričara SR Srbije 1959, p. 135
  11. ^ Bexheti, Nuri. Der "Große Türkenkrieg" und die Albaner: Die militärische Präsenz der Balkanvölker am "Großen Türkenkrieg" (1683-1699) Suedwestdeutscher Verlag 2009.
  12. ^ Radovan Samardžić (1981). Istorija srpskog naroda, Volume 3, Part 1. Srpska knjiiževna zadruga. p. 523. Аустријанци су почели да утврђују Ниш, а потпу- ковник Антоније Знорић се по Ветеранијевом наређењу вратио из Београда у Ниш са 2.500 пешака Српске милиције; с њима је био и Распасановић као тумач јер је говорио
  13. ^ Stefan Čakić (1982). Velika seoba Srba 1689/90 i patrijarh Arsenije III Crnojević. pp. 101–102. Из Београда је заједно са српском милицијом отишао у Ниш по наређењу генерала Ветеранија, коме је, по дон Томином казивању, био потребан због знања српског и арбанашког језика {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  14. ^ Malcolm 1998, p. 162
  15. ^ Géra, Eleonóra (2019-01-01). "The Secret Life of the Albanian Priest Toma Raspassani in Buda". “These were hard times for Skanderbeg, but he had an ally, the Hungarian Hunyadi” Episodes in Albanian–Hungarian Historical Contacts.

Sources edit

  • Andrić, Ljubisav (1991). Seoba u sporovima (in Serbian). Novi Sad: Književna zajednica Novog Sada. ISBN 9788673312286.
  • Društvo istoričara SR Srbije (1959). Istorijski Glasnik, Issue 1–2.
  • Forcade, Olivier; Nivet, Philippe (2008). Les réfugiés en Europe du XVIe au XXe siècles: actes du colloque du centre d'histoire des sociétés, des sciences et des conflicts de l'Université de Picardie Jules Verne tenu à Amiens les 23 et 24 mars 2007 (in French). Nouveau Monde. ISBN 978-2-84736-306-7. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  • Frantz, Eva (2009), Albanische Geschichte: Stand und Perspektiven der Forschung, München: Oldenbourg, ISBN 978-3-486-58980-1, OCLC 456185602, retrieved 13 December 2011
  • Malcolm, Noel (1998). Kosovo: a short history. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-66612-8. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
  • Šufflay, Milan (1925). Srbi i Arbanasi: (njihova simbioza u srednjem vijeku). Seminar za arbanasku filologiju.
  • Veselinović, Rajko L. (1956), Toma Raspasanović (Raspassani) i njegov rad za austro-turskog rata krajem XVII veka : rasprava iz kulturne i vojno-političke istorije (in Serbian), Novi Sad: Matica Srpska, OCLC 440643553

May 02, 2024
toma, raspasani, italian, tomasso, raspassani, 1648, 1718, albanian, franciscan, friar, vicar, subordinate, pjetër, bogdani, archbishop, skopje, with, whom, organized, albanian, austrian, movement, that, would, fight, great, turkish, against, ottoman, empire, . Toma Raspasani Italian Tomasso Raspassani c 1648 1718 was an Albanian Franciscan friar and vicar subordinate Pjeter Bogdani Archbishop of Skopje with whom he organized an Albanian pro Austrian movement that would fight in the Great Turkish War against the Ottoman Empire donToma RaspasaniBorn1648Black Mountain of SkopjeDied1718BudapestNationalityOttoman AlbanianAlma materJesuit Illyrian CollegeOccupationsparish priest fl 1679 vicar of the Archbishop of Skopje Pjeter Bogdani fl 1689 translatorKnown forOrganizing pro Austrian Albanian rebels in Kosovo during Great Turkish WarMovementpro AustrianFamilyRaspasani Contents 1 Life 2 Later life and death 3 References 3 1 SourcesLife editHe was born in 1648 1 2 His definite birthplace has not been established and it is thought to have been in either Skopska Crna Gora or the surroundings of Prizren or Peja 1 2 According to British author Noel Malcolm it was Skopska Crna Gora 3 At the time these were part of the Ottoman Sanjak of Uskub and Sanjak of Prizren He most likely enrolled in the primary school and theological school of Janjevo 1 2 Toma was educated by Jesuits at Illyrian college in Loreto 4 After studying in Italy he was appointed parish priest in Prizren in 1679 3 According to different sources he spoke Albanian Serbian Latin and Italian citation needed With the outbreak of the Great Turkish War the Austrian Empire sought allies in Southeastern Europe On November 1 5 or November 6 General Enea Silvio Piccolomini reached Prizren where he according to sources was received by an archbishop and a patriarch 6 This has been interpreted by some Yugoslav historians as being Albanian Catholic Pjeter Bogdani Archbishop of Skopje and Arsenije III Carnojevic the Serbian Patriarch 5 7 8 Those sources claim that Piccolomini consulted with Patriarch Arsenije and Archbishop Bogdani about the organization of newly recruited rebels and providing food for them and Raspasani helped Piccolomini a lot as the negotiations went through him as he knew Latin and Italian 9 However the patriarch could not have been the Serbian Patriarch since he was absent from the region at that time 6 Pjeter Bogdani seemed to have played the leading role in organizing the Albanian pro Austrian movement in the region while Raspasani was also prominent 3 According to some sources Raspasani was the one who gathered the Albanians by himself 8 Piccolomini died in Prizren of plague on November 9 1689 during negotiations 10 General Federico Veterani succeeded Piccolomini 10 Raspasani substituted the deceased Bogdani 1689 as the leader of the Albanian pro Austrian movement 11 The Austrians began fortifying Nis when and Lieutenant colonel Antonije Znoric returned from Belgrade to Nis with 2 500 infantry of the Serbian Militia after the order of Veterani Raspasani was also with them as a translator 12 13 Raspasani wrote in 1693 that many of the Catholics of Kosovo had left for Budapest where most of them died some of hunger others of disease 14 Later life and death editAfter the retreat of the Habsburgs from Kosovo in 1690 Raspasani moved together with the army towards Buda where he stayed until the end of his life His life is recorded there in archival documents of the city He seems to have had a good life with great wealth being an active member of society Raspasani served holding a high position at one of the churches of the city where he was close to the Jesuit order His testament written just before his death in 1718 is still kept at the archival funds in Budapest 15 References edit a b c Andric 1991 p 295 Toma Raspasanoviћ roђen oko 1648 godine mozhda u Skopskoј Crnoј gori ili u okolini Prizrena ili Peћi shto јosh niјe sasvim sigurno utvrђeno zavrshio јe osnovnu misionarsku shkolu verovatno u Јaњevu na 72 MЈsћae1 a b c Osterreichisches Staatsarchiv 1960 Mitteilungen des osterreichischen Staatsarchivs Volume 13 Osterreichische Staatsdruckerei pp 220 221 228 p 221 Toma Raspasanovic geboren um 1648 im Bergland um Uskub oder in der Umgebung von Prizren oder Ipek was noch nicht eindeutig geklart wurde besuchte die Volks und Missionarsschule vermutlich in Janjevo auf dem Amselfeld a b c Malcolm 1998 p 148 Zbornik Matice srpske Seriјa drushtvenih nauka Nauchno odeљeњe Matice srpske 1955 p 44 a b Marko Jacov 2001 L Europa tra conquiste ottomane e Leghe Sante Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana p 131 ISBN 9788821007309 Non soltanto il patriarca serbo Arsenije Carnojevic ma anche l arcivescovo cattolico di Scopie Pietro Bogdani ei capi delle vicine nazioni accolsero il generale Piccolomini il 1 novembre 1689 a Prizren una volta sede del re e poi a b Forcade amp Nivet 2008 p 75 Puis le 6 novembre Piccolomini est entre a Prizren ou il a ete recu disent les sources par un archeveque et patriarche Est ce l archeve que catholique albanais Bogdani Il est en revanche certain comme l a montre l historien britannique Noel Malcolm que ce ne peut etre le patriarche serbe orthodoxe Arsene III Cernojevic absent de la region a cette date Toujours est il que le clerge catholique Bogdani et un de ses collaborateurs Toma Raspasani favorise le ralliement des Albanais a l empereur Sufflay 1925 p 67 kad je austrijska vojska 1689 pro drla duboko u Balkan Tada je pri zadobivanju Arbanasa za ustanak proti Turcima stekao najvise zasluge Franjevac Toma Rospasari dok je vodja srpskih ustasa bio pecki patrijarh Arse nije III a b Drustvo istoricara SR Srbije 1959 p 134 da su pregovo rima u Prizrenu istina prisustvovali i patriјarh Arseniјe i Petar Bogdani sa svoјim vikarom don Tomom ali da јe don Toma bio taј koјi јe celu ovu tako uspeshnu 1 akciјu oko pridobiјaњa Arbanasa vodio Drustvo istoricara SR Srbije 1959 p 147 Pikolomini se savetovao iz bolesnichke posteљe sa patriјarhom Arseniјem III i skop skim nadbiskupom Bogdaniјem o ureђeњu novopridoshlih ustanika o њi hovoј ishrani itd Tom prilikom vikar skopskog nadbiskupa don Toma Raspasanoviћ mnogo pomogao generalu Pikoliniјu јer su preko њega voђeni pregovori poshto јe on znao latinski i taliјanski a b Drustvo istoricara SR Srbije 1959 p 135 Bexheti Nuri Der Grosse Turkenkrieg und die Albaner Die militarische Prasenz der Balkanvolker am Grossen Turkenkrieg 1683 1699 Suedwestdeutscher Verlag 2009 Radovan Samardzic 1981 Istorija srpskog naroda Volume 3 Part 1 Srpska knjiizevna zadruga p 523 Austriјanci su pocheli da utvrђuјu Nish a potpu kovnik Antoniјe Znoriћ se po Veteraniјevom nareђeњu vratio iz Beograda u Nish sa 2 500 peshaka Srpske miliciјe s њima јe bio i Raspasanoviћ kao tumach јer јe govorio Stefan Cakic 1982 Velika seoba Srba 1689 90 i patrijarh Arsenije III Crnojevic pp 101 102 Iz Beograda јe zaјedno sa srpskom miliciјom otishao u Nish po nareђeњu generala Veteraniјa kome јe po don Tominom kazivaњu bio potreban zbog znaњa srpskog i arbanashkog јezika a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Malcolm 1998 p 162 Gera Eleonora 2019 01 01 The Secret Life of the Albanian Priest Toma Raspassani in Buda These were hard times for Skanderbeg but he had an ally the Hungarian Hunyadi Episodes in Albanian Hungarian Historical Contacts Sources edit Andric Ljubisav 1991 Seoba u sporovima in Serbian Novi Sad Knjizevna zajednica Novog Sada ISBN 9788673312286 Drustvo istoricara SR Srbije 1959 Istorijski Glasnik Issue 1 2 Forcade Olivier Nivet Philippe 2008 Les refugies en Europe du XVIe au XXe siecles actes du colloque du centre d histoire des societes des sciences et des conflicts de l Universite de Picardie Jules Verne tenu a Amiens les 23 et 24 mars 2007 in French Nouveau Monde ISBN 978 2 84736 306 7 Retrieved 23 June 2011 Frantz Eva 2009 Albanische Geschichte Stand und Perspektiven der Forschung Munchen Oldenbourg ISBN 978 3 486 58980 1 OCLC 456185602 retrieved 13 December 2011 Malcolm Noel 1998 Kosovo a short history Macmillan ISBN 978 0 333 66612 8 Retrieved 21 June 2011 Sufflay Milan 1925 Srbi i Arbanasi njihova simbioza u srednjem vijeku Seminar za arbanasku filologiju Veselinovic Rajko L 1956 Toma Raspasanovic Raspassani i njegov rad za austro turskog rata krajem XVII veka rasprava iz kulturne i vojno politicke istorije in Serbian Novi Sad Matica Srpska OCLC 440643553 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Toma Raspasani amp oldid 1214818761, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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