A tiltwingaircraft features a wing that is horizontal for conventional forward flight and rotates up for vertical takeoff and landing. It is similar to the tiltrotor design where only the propeller and engine rotate. Tiltwing aircraft are typically fully capable of VTOL operations.[1]
Hiller X-18 tilting its wingVTOL disc loading lift efficiency
The tiltwing design offers certain advantages in vertical flight relative to a tiltrotor. Because the slipstream from the rotor strikes the wing on its smallest dimension, the tiltwing is able to apply more of its engine power to lifting the aircraft. For comparison, the V-22 Osprey tiltrotor loses about 10% of its thrust to interference from the wings.[2]
Another advantage of tiltwing aircraft is the ease of transition between VTOL and horizontal flight modes. A tiltrotor must first fly forwards like a helicopter, building airspeed until wing lift is sufficient to allow the nacelles to begin tilting down. As a note, the MV-22 Osprey's stall speed in airplane mode is 110 knots (204 km/h; 127 mph). Conversely, a tiltwing aircraft can begin the transition from helicopter to airplane at zero forward airspeed. Because of this, the Canadair CL-84 Dynavert was able to take off vertically, then accelerate from zero airspeed to 100 knots (185 km/h; 115 mph) in 8 seconds.[3]
However, the fixed wing of a tiltrotor aircraft offers a superior angle of attack—thus more lift and a shorter takeoff roll—when performing STOL/STOVL operations.[citation needed]
The main drawbacks of tiltwing aircraft are susceptibility to wind gusts in VTOL mode and lower hover efficiency. The wing tilted vertically represents a large surface area for crosswinds to push against.[1] Tiltrotors generally have better hover efficiency than tiltwings, but less than helicopters.[4] This is due to the difference in rotor disk loading.
As of 2014, NASA is testing a diesel-electric hybrid 10-foot 10-rotor tiltwing called the GL-10 Greased Lightning, with most propellers folding during horizontal flight.[5]
List of tiltwing aircraftedit
Tiltwing designs with rocket, jet, or propeller propulsion
tiltwing, tiltwing, aircraft, features, wing, that, horizontal, conventional, forward, flight, rotates, vertical, takeoff, landing, similar, tiltrotor, design, where, only, propeller, engine, rotate, aircraft, typically, fully, capable, vtol, operations, hille. A tiltwing aircraft features a wing that is horizontal for conventional forward flight and rotates up for vertical takeoff and landing It is similar to the tiltrotor design where only the propeller and engine rotate Tiltwing aircraft are typically fully capable of VTOL operations 1 Hiller X 18 tilting its wing VTOL disc loading lift efficiencyThe tiltwing design offers certain advantages in vertical flight relative to a tiltrotor Because the slipstream from the rotor strikes the wing on its smallest dimension the tiltwing is able to apply more of its engine power to lifting the aircraft For comparison the V 22 Osprey tiltrotor loses about 10 of its thrust to interference from the wings 2 Another advantage of tiltwing aircraft is the ease of transition between VTOL and horizontal flight modes A tiltrotor must first fly forwards like a helicopter building airspeed until wing lift is sufficient to allow the nacelles to begin tilting down As a note the MV 22 Osprey s stall speed in airplane mode is 110 knots 204 km h 127 mph Conversely a tiltwing aircraft can begin the transition from helicopter to airplane at zero forward airspeed Because of this the Canadair CL 84 Dynavert was able to take off vertically then accelerate from zero airspeed to 100 knots 185 km h 115 mph in 8 seconds 3 However the fixed wing of a tiltrotor aircraft offers a superior angle of attack thus more lift and a shorter takeoff roll when performing STOL STOVL operations citation needed The main drawbacks of tiltwing aircraft are susceptibility to wind gusts in VTOL mode and lower hover efficiency The wing tilted vertically represents a large surface area for crosswinds to push against 1 Tiltrotors generally have better hover efficiency than tiltwings but less than helicopters 4 This is due to the difference in rotor disk loading As of 2014 NASA is testing a diesel electric hybrid 10 foot 10 rotor tiltwing called the GL 10 Greased Lightning with most propellers folding during horizontal flight 5 List of tiltwing aircraft editTiltwing designs with rocket jet or propeller propulsion Airbus A Vahana 2018 Canadair CL 84 Dynavert 1965 Hiller X 18 1959 Kaman K 16B 1959 LTV XC 142 1964 NASA GL 10 Greased Lightning 2014 Vertol VZ 2 1957 Weserflug P 1003 1938 See also editThrust vectoring Tailsitter Tiltrotor Tiltjet Coleopter PTOL VTOLReferences edit a b Markman Steve and Bill Holder Tilt Wing VTOL Systems Straight Up A History of Vertical Flight Schiffer Publishing 2000 ISBN 0 7643 1204 9 Boeing looks ahead to a V 23 Osprey Tilting at Targets Warwick Graham Tilting at targets page 44 Flight International February 1992 Accessed 4 January 2014 Warwick Graham Distributed power Aviation Week amp Space Technology page 31 25 August 2014 Accessed 26 August 2014 nbsp This aviation related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tiltwing amp oldid 1159500352, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
