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Tichit

February 01, 2024

Tichit, or Tichitt (Berber languages: Ticit, Arabic: تيشيت), is a partly abandoned village at the foot of the Tagant Plateau in central southern Mauritania that is known for its vernacular architecture. The main agriculture in Tichit is date farming, and the village is also home to a small museum.

Tichit
Commune and village
Tichit
Location in Mauritania
Coordinates: 18°26′30″N 9°29′30″W / 18.44167°N 9.49167°W / 18.44167; -9.49167
Country Mauritania
RegionTagant
Official nameAncient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata
TypeCultural
Criteriaiii, iv, v
Designated1996 (20th session)
Reference no.750
RegionArab States

Tichitt Airport has two unpaved runways designated in a barren area 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) southeast of the village.

Archaeological significance edit

This region includes a long sandstone cliff formation that defines the northern limit of the Hodh depression, near the former lake of Aoukar.[1]

The medieval trading settlement at Tichit is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Neolithic site of Dhar Tichitt in this area was settled by agropastoral communities around 2000 BC.[2] Their settlements were generally situated on the cliffs and included stone building. These are the oldest surviving archaeological settlements in West Africa and the oldest of all stone base settlements south of the Sahara. They are thought to have been built by the Soninke people and were possibly the precursor of the Ghana empire.[3][4][5] The area was abandoned around 500 BC probably because of the onset of more arid conditions. Hundreds of rock art images have been discovered, depicting various animals and hunting scenes.[6] Archaeologists including P.J. Munson, Augustin F.C. Holl, and S. Amblard have found some evidence that millet was farmed seasonally as early as 2000 BC.

 
A view of the ancient town of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.
 
Some modern housing visible in the foreground with many other abandoned buildings of historical importance at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.

Climate edit

Climate data for Tichit
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.8
(85.6) 		32.9
(91.2) 		37.5
(99.5) 		40.4
(104.7) 		42.5
(108.5) 		42.0
(107.6) 		38.6
(101.5) 		35.8
(96.4) 		37.5
(99.5) 		38.7
(101.7) 		35.3
(95.5) 		31.6
(88.9) 		36.9
(98.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 16.2
(61.2) 		19.2
(66.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		26.9
(80.4) 		29.9
(85.8) 		30.5
(86.9) 		28.2
(82.8) 		26.6
(79.9) 		27.0
(80.6) 		27.0
(80.6) 		22.2
(72.0) 		18.1
(64.6) 		24.6
(76.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0
(0) 		1
(0.0) 		0
(0) 		1
(0.0) 		1
(0.0) 		6
(0.2) 		15
(0.6) 		32
(1.3) 		19
(0.7) 		3
(0.1) 		1
(0.0) 		0
(0) 		79
(2.9)
Source 1: http://www.storm247.com/weather/110676228/climate (temperature)
Source 2: http://www.levoyageur.net/weather-city-TICHITT.html (precipitation)

References edit

  1. ^ Kjeilen, Tore. . LookLex. Archived from the original on 2020-05-22.
  2. ^ Holl 2009.
  3. ^ Munson 1980.
  4. ^ Fage, J.D (1976), The Cambridge history of Africa, Volume 5, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 338, 339, ISBN 978-0-521-21592-3.
  5. ^ Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine (2005), The History of African Cities South of the Sahara, Princeton: Markus Wiener, pp. 42, 43, ISBN 978-1-55876-303-6.
  6. ^ Holl 2002.

Bibliography edit

  • Holl, Augustin F.C. (2002), "Time, space, and image making: rock art from the Dhar Tichitt (Mauritania)" (PDF), African Archaeological Review, 19 (2): 75–118, doi:10.1023/A:1015479826570, hdl:2027.42/43991, JSTOR 25130740, S2CID 54741966.
  • Holl, Augustin F.C. (2009), "Coping with uncertainty: Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt-Walata, Mauritania, (ca. 4000–2300 BP)", Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 341 (8–9): 703–712, doi:10.1016/j.crte.2009.04.005.
  • Munson, Patrick J. (1980), "Archaeology and the prehistoric origins of the Ghana Empire", Journal of African History, 21 (4): 457–466, doi:10.1017/s0021853700018685, JSTOR 182004, S2CID 161981607.

Further reading edit

  • Holl, Augustin (1985). "Subsistence patterns of the Neolithic, Mauritania". African Archaeological Review. 3: 151–162. doi:10.1007/bf01117458. JSTOR 25130453.
  • Holl, Augustin F.C. (1998). "Livestock husbandry, pastoralisms, and territoriality: the West African record". Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. 17 (2): 143–165. doi:10.1006/jaar.1998.0321.
  • MacDonald, Kevin; Vernet, Robert; Fuller, Dorian; Woodhouse, James (2003). "New light on the Tichitt tradition: A preliminary report on survey and excavation at Dhar Nema" (PDF). Oxford University School of Archaeology Monograph. 57: 73–80.

External links edit

  • Map showing Tichit: Fond Typographique 1:200,000, République Islamique de Mauritanie Sheet NE-29-XV

February 01, 2024
tichit, berber, languages, ticit, arabic, تيشيت, partly, abandoned, village, foot, tagant, plateau, central, southern, mauritania, that, known, vernacular, architecture, main, agriculture, date, farming, village, also, home, small, museum, commune, villageloca. Tichit or Tichitt Berber languages Ticit Arabic تيشيت is a partly abandoned village at the foot of the Tagant Plateau in central southern Mauritania that is known for its vernacular architecture The main agriculture in Tichit is date farming and the village is also home to a small museum TichitCommune and villageTichitLocation in MauritaniaCoordinates 18 26 30 N 9 29 30 W 18 44167 N 9 49167 W 18 44167 9 49167CountryMauritaniaRegionTagantUNESCO World Heritage SiteOfficial nameAncient Ksour of Ouadane Chinguetti Tichitt and OualataTypeCulturalCriteriaiii iv vDesignated1996 20th session Reference no 750RegionArab StatesTichitt Airport has two unpaved runways designated in a barren area 1 kilometre 0 62 mi southeast of the village Contents 1 Archaeological significance 2 Climate 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 Further reading 6 External linksArchaeological significance editThis region includes a long sandstone cliff formation that defines the northern limit of the Hodh depression near the former lake of Aoukar 1 The medieval trading settlement at Tichit is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site The Neolithic site of Dhar Tichitt in this area was settled by agropastoral communities around 2000 BC 2 Their settlements were generally situated on the cliffs and included stone building These are the oldest surviving archaeological settlements in West Africa and the oldest of all stone base settlements south of the Sahara They are thought to have been built by the Soninke people and were possibly the precursor of the Ghana empire 3 4 5 The area was abandoned around 500 BC probably because of the onset of more arid conditions Hundreds of rock art images have been discovered depicting various animals and hunting scenes 6 Archaeologists including P J Munson Augustin F C Holl and S Amblard have found some evidence that millet was farmed seasonally as early as 2000 BC nbsp A view of the ancient town of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania nbsp Some modern housing visible in the foreground with many other abandoned buildings of historical importance at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania Climate editClimate data for TichitMonth Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec YearMean daily maximum C F 29 8 85 6 32 9 91 2 37 5 99 5 40 4 104 7 42 5 108 5 42 0 107 6 38 6 101 5 35 8 96 4 37 5 99 5 38 7 101 7 35 3 95 5 31 6 88 9 36 9 98 4 Mean daily minimum C F 16 2 61 2 19 2 66 6 23 8 74 8 26 9 80 4 29 9 85 8 30 5 86 9 28 2 82 8 26 6 79 9 27 0 80 6 27 0 80 6 22 2 72 0 18 1 64 6 24 6 76 4 Average precipitation mm inches 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 2 15 0 6 32 1 3 19 0 7 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 79 2 9 Source 1 http www storm247 com weather 110676228 climate temperature Source 2 http www levoyageur net weather city TICHITT html precipitation References edit Kjeilen Tore TICHIT The living ghost of yesterday s glory LookLex Archived from the original on 2020 05 22 Holl 2009 Munson 1980 Fage J D 1976 The Cambridge history of Africa Volume 5 Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 338 339 ISBN 978 0 521 21592 3 Coquery Vidrovitch Catherine 2005 The History of African Cities South of the Sahara Princeton Markus Wiener pp 42 43 ISBN 978 1 55876 303 6 Holl 2002 Bibliography editHoll Augustin F C 2002 Time space and image making rock art from the Dhar Tichitt Mauritania PDF African Archaeological Review 19 2 75 118 doi 10 1023 A 1015479826570 hdl 2027 42 43991 JSTOR 25130740 S2CID 54741966 Holl Augustin F C 2009 Coping with uncertainty Neolithic life in the Dhar Tichitt Walata Mauritania ca 4000 2300 BP Comptes Rendus Geoscience 341 8 9 703 712 doi 10 1016 j crte 2009 04 005 Munson Patrick J 1980 Archaeology and the prehistoric origins of the Ghana Empire Journal of African History 21 4 457 466 doi 10 1017 s0021853700018685 JSTOR 182004 S2CID 161981607 Further reading editHoll Augustin 1985 Subsistence patterns of the Neolithic Mauritania African Archaeological Review 3 151 162 doi 10 1007 bf01117458 JSTOR 25130453 Holl Augustin F C 1998 Livestock husbandry pastoralisms and territoriality the West African record Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 17 2 143 165 doi 10 1006 jaar 1998 0321 MacDonald Kevin Vernet Robert Fuller Dorian Woodhouse James 2003 New light on the Tichitt tradition A preliminary report on survey and excavation at Dhar Nema PDF Oxford University School of Archaeology Monograph 57 73 80 External links editMap showing Tichit Fond Typographique 1 200 000 Republique Islamique de Mauritanie Sheet NE 29 XV Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tichit amp oldid 1187587951, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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