The Thuringian Basin[1][2] (German: Thüringer Becken) is a depression in the central and northwest part of Thuringia in Germany which is crossed by several rivers, the longest of which is the Unstrut. It stretches about 60 kilometres (37 mi) from north to south and around 120 kilometres (75 mi) from east to west. Its height varies from about 150 to 250 m above sea level (NN).
The Thuringian Basin ("Thüringer Becken")
The Basin is surrounded by a wide outer girdle of limestone (Muschelkalk) ridges (including Hainich, Dün, Hainleite, Hohe Schrecke, Schmücke, Finne), and to the southwest by the Thuringian Forest and to the southeast by sharply divided terraces (the Ilm-Saale and Ohrdruf Muschelkalk plateaus, and the Saale-Elster Bunter sandstone plateau). The Thuringian Basin belongs to the triassic period, during which horizontal beds of Bunter sandstone, Muschelkalk and Keuper were laid down. Below those lie the salt and gypsum layers of Magnesian Limestone (Zechstein). In the Cenozoic era the surrounding ridges were uplifted, whilst the Thuringian Basin sank to form a saucer-shaped depression.
The elevation of the Thuringian Basin descends from the south and west to the east. While some of the marginal ridges have the character of low mountain ranges, there are no really noteworthy uplands within it, apart from the Ettersberg and Fahnerscher Höhe.
The Thuringian Basin is dominated by agriculture. Along with the Magdeburg Börde and Leipzig Bay it is one of the richest arable lands in Germany.[3] It was settled in the 8th and 9th century which makes most of the villages and towns in the basin well over 1000 years old. As a result of the fertile countryside, large cities were established very early on in the Basin and on its perimeter (Erfurt and the free imperial city of Mühlhausen).
Other towns in the Thuringian Basin are (year of foundation and year of achieving town status in brackets):
^Kohl, Horst; Marcinek, Joachim and Nitz, Bernhard (1986). Geography of the German Democratic Republic, VEB Hermann Haack, Gotha, pp. 32 ff. ISBN978-3-7301-0522-1.
^Dickinson, Robert E. (1964). Germany: A regional and economic geography (2nd ed.). London: Methuen.
External links
Geology: Information in the Thuringian Basin
August 18, 2023
thuringian, basin, german, thüringer, becken, depression, central, northwest, part, thuringia, germany, which, crossed, several, rivers, longest, which, unstrut, stretches, about, kilometres, from, north, south, around, kilometres, from, east, west, height, va. The Thuringian Basin 1 2 German Thuringer Becken is a depression in the central and northwest part of Thuringia in Germany which is crossed by several rivers the longest of which is the Unstrut It stretches about 60 kilometres 37 mi from north to south and around 120 kilometres 75 mi from east to west Its height varies from about 150 to 250 m above sea level NN The Thuringian Basin Thuringer Becken The Basin is surrounded by a wide outer girdle of limestone Muschelkalk ridges including Hainich Dun Hainleite Hohe Schrecke Schmucke Finne and to the southwest by the Thuringian Forest and to the southeast by sharply divided terraces the Ilm Saale and Ohrdruf Muschelkalk plateaus and the Saale Elster Bunter sandstone plateau The Thuringian Basin belongs to the triassic period during which horizontal beds of Bunter sandstone Muschelkalk and Keuper were laid down Below those lie the salt and gypsum layers of Magnesian Limestone Zechstein In the Cenozoic era the surrounding ridges were uplifted whilst the Thuringian Basin sank to form a saucer shaped depression The elevation of the Thuringian Basin descends from the south and west to the east While some of the marginal ridges have the character of low mountain ranges there are no really noteworthy uplands within it apart from the Ettersberg and Fahnerscher Hohe The Thuringian Basin is dominated by agriculture Along with the Magdeburg Borde and Leipzig Bay it is one of the richest arable lands in Germany 3 It was settled in the 8th and 9th century which makes most of the villages and towns in the basin well over 1000 years old As a result of the fertile countryside large cities were established very early on in the Basin and on its perimeter Erfurt and the free imperial city of Muhlhausen Other towns in the Thuringian Basin are year of foundation and year of achieving town status in brackets Schlotheim 974 1277 Ebeleben 1198 1928 Grossenehrich Greussen Clingen 1353 and 860 1282 to the north Kindelbruck 775 1291 Weissensee 1265 Sommerda 876 1350 Kolleda 786 1392 Rastenberg 1294 1412 Buttstadt 1331 Buttelstedt 780 1454 Neumark 1179 1326 to the east Gebesee 786 1638 Bad Tennstedt 772 1340 Bad Langensalza 932 1212 in the centre Gotha 775 in the south Large parts of the Basin in the former Thuringian Landgraviate were held by the House of Wettin from 1264 and after the 1485 Treaty of Leipzig formed the Thuringian Circle of the Saxon Electorate Smaller areas used to belong to the Wettin Ernestine duchies and the County of Schwarzburg the city of Erfurt was a possession of the Mainz Archbishops According to the 1815 Congress of Vienna the Albertine and Mainz lands passed to the Kingdom of Prussia while the smaller areas on the northern and southern rim formed the Thuringian states References Edit Elkins T H 1972 Germany 3rd ed London Chatto amp Windus 1972 ASIN B0011Z9KJA Kohl Horst Marcinek Joachim and Nitz Bernhard 1986 Geography of the German Democratic Republic VEB Hermann Haack Gotha pp 32 ff ISBN 978 3 7301 0522 1 Dickinson Robert E 1964 Germany A regional and economic geography 2nd ed London Methuen External links EditGeology Information in the Thuringian Basin Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thuringian Basin amp oldid 963627015, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
