According to the doctrine, the absolute principle, in many salvationist sects represented as the Wusheng Laomu, divides the end time into three stages, each of which is governed by a different Buddha sent by the Mother to save humanity: the "Green Sun" (qingyang) governed by Dīpankara Buddha, the "Red Sun" (hongyang) by Gautama Buddha, and the current "White Sun" (baiyang) by Maitreya.[3] In different sects the three periods are known by slightly different names, variations originated by oral transmission of the teaching.[4] The doctrine is especially important in the Xiantiandao group of sects, the most notable one being Yiguandao.
The Three Suns doctrine places itself in a sect tradition ("Sanyangism", 三阳教 Sānyángjiào, "teaching of the Three Suns") flourishing at least since the Ming dynasty.[5] It can be traced back to a Taoistschool named Hunyuan, from the concept of hunyuan ("original chaos") that existed before hundun ("still chaos") and is the beginning of primordial qi (yuanqi) according to some Taoist cosmologies.[6] Other possible origins go back to the entry of Maitreya beliefs into China. These concepts became part of the folk tradition and were incorporated in the sect milieu.[7]
In the earliest sects of the Ming period, the Lord of Original Chaos (Hunyuan Zhu) represents the origin of the universe developing through three stages, yang, or cosmic periods.[8] The earliest written evidence of this doctrine can be found in the Huangji jieguo baojuan, published in 1430.[9] In this text the three stages are already associated to the three Buddhas: Dipankara, Gautama and Maitreya.[10] The Green Sun Assembly was held at the end of the first period, the Red Sun Assembly in the second one and the White Sun Assembly will be held in the third one.[11]
Confucian doctrineedit
The doctrine of the Three Ages is discussed in Neo-Confucian and New Confucian teachings, the Gongyang Commentary and the Datong shu of Kang Youwei.[12] The Confucian interpretation is comparable to the doctrine of the Spirit in Hegelian thought.[13]Ren ("humaneness", the essence of human being) develops and matures progressively to higher stages in history.[14]
Kang saw history as progressing from an Age of Disorder to the Age of Approaching Peace, and ending at the Age of Universal Peace.[15] In the third age humankind attains Datong, ren is fully realised as people transcend their selfishness and become one with "all under Heaven".[16]
Yiguandao doctrineedit
Currently, Yiguandao doctrine about Three Ages is as follows:[17]
^Naquin, Susan (1976). Inspiration: The Organization and Ideology of White Lotus Sects(PDF). Yale University Press. hdl:1811/5983. Retrieved 6 February 2014., p. 11
^三期末劫與三曹普渡 2013-10-18 at the Wayback Machine, 2009, Retrieved 6 February 2014
^Introduction to I Kuan Dao Cult Archived 2013-10-05 at archive.today, TAOLEAKS.ORG, Retrieved 6 February 2014
Sourcesedit
Hubert Michael Seiwert. Popular Religious Movements and Heterodox Sects in Chinese History. Brill, 2003. ISBN9004131469
Tay, Wei Leong. Kang Youwei: The Martin Luther of Confucianism and His Vision of Confucian Modernity and Nation. In: Haneda Masashi, Secularization, Religion and the State, University of Tokyo Center for Philosophy, 2010.
December 15, 2023
three, suns, eschatology, doctrine, three, suns, chinese, 三阳, pinyin, sānyáng, three, stages, time, chinese, 三期末劫, pinyin, sānqímòjié, three, ages, teleological, eschatological, doctrine, found, some, chinese, salvationist, religions, schools, confucianism, ac. The doctrine of the Three Suns Chinese 三阳 pinyin sanyang or three stages of the end time Chinese 三期末劫 pinyin sanqimojie or Three Ages 1 is a teleological and eschatological doctrine found in some Chinese salvationist religions and schools of Confucianism 2 According to the doctrine the absolute principle in many salvationist sects represented as the Wusheng Laomu divides the end time into three stages each of which is governed by a different Buddha sent by the Mother to save humanity the Green Sun qingyang governed by Dipankara Buddha the Red Sun hongyang by Gautama Buddha and the current White Sun baiyang by Maitreya 3 In different sects the three periods are known by slightly different names variations originated by oral transmission of the teaching 4 The doctrine is especially important in the Xiantiandao group of sects the most notable one being Yiguandao Contents 1 Origins 2 Confucian doctrine 3 Yiguandao doctrine 4 See also 5 References 6 SourcesOrigins editThe Three Suns doctrine places itself in a sect tradition Sanyangism 三阳教 Sanyangjiao teaching of the Three Suns flourishing at least since the Ming dynasty 5 It can be traced back to a Taoist school named Hunyuan from the concept of hunyuan original chaos that existed before hundun still chaos and is the beginning of primordial qi yuanqi according to some Taoist cosmologies 6 Other possible origins go back to the entry of Maitreya beliefs into China These concepts became part of the folk tradition and were incorporated in the sect milieu 7 In the earliest sects of the Ming period the Lord of Original Chaos Hunyuan Zhu represents the origin of the universe developing through three stages yang or cosmic periods 8 The earliest written evidence of this doctrine can be found in the Huangji jieguo baojuan published in 1430 9 In this text the three stages are already associated to the three Buddhas Dipankara Gautama and Maitreya 10 The Green Sun Assembly was held at the end of the first period the Red Sun Assembly in the second one and the White Sun Assembly will be held in the third one 11 Confucian doctrine editThe doctrine of the Three Ages is discussed in Neo Confucian and New Confucian teachings the Gongyang Commentary and the Datong shu of Kang Youwei 12 The Confucian interpretation is comparable to the doctrine of the Spirit in Hegelian thought 13 Ren humaneness the essence of human being develops and matures progressively to higher stages in history 14 Kang saw history as progressing from an Age of Disorder to the Age of Approaching Peace and ending at the Age of Universal Peace 15 In the third age humankind attains Datong ren is fully realised as people transcend their selfishness and become one with all under Heaven 16 Yiguandao doctrine editCurrently Yiguandao doctrine about Three Ages is as follows 17 Period Duration years Governing Buddhas True Sutras Hand Seals Numbers of Disasters AssembliesGreen Sun 1886 3 086 1 200 BC Dipankara Wu Liang Shou Fo 無量壽佛 Lotus Leaf gesture 9 Ying Tao Assembly 櫻桃會 Red Sun 3 114 1 200 BC 1912 AD Shakyamuni Nan Wu A Mi Tuo Fo 南無阿彌陀佛 Lotus Flower gesture 18 Pan Tao Assembly 蟠桃會 White Sun 10 800 1912 present Maitreya Wu Tai Fo Mi Le 無太佛彌勒 18 Lotus root gesture 81 Long Hua Assembly 龍華會 See also editChinese salvationist religions Eschatology Xiantiandao Joachim of Fiore Five SunsReferences edit Tay 2010 p 102 Tay 2010 p 102 Seiwert 2003 p 327 Seiwert 2003 p 327 Seiwert 2003 p 326 Seiwert 2003 p 326 Seiwert 2003 p 327 Seiwert 2003 p 327 Seiwert 2003 p 328 Seiwert 2003 p 328 Naquin Susan 1976 Inspiration The Organization and Ideology of White Lotus Sects PDF Yale University Press hdl 1811 5983 Retrieved 6 February 2014 p 11 Tay 2010 p 102 Tay 2010 p 102 Tay 2010 p 102 Tay 2010 p 103 Tay 2010 p 103 三期末劫與三曹普渡 Archived 2013 10 18 at the Wayback Machine 2009 Retrieved 6 February 2014 Introduction to I Kuan Dao Cult Archived 2013 10 05 at archive today TAOLEAKS ORG Retrieved 6 February 2014Sources editHubert Michael Seiwert Popular Religious Movements and Heterodox Sects in Chinese History Brill 2003 ISBN 9004131469 Tay Wei Leong Kang Youwei The Martin Luther of Confucianism and His Vision of Confucian Modernity and Nation In Haneda Masashi Secularization Religion and the State University of Tokyo Center for Philosophy 2010 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Three Suns eschatology amp oldid 1175608615, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
