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Thomas Gerrard

Thomas Gerard (1500?–1540) (Gerrard, also Garret or Garrard) was an English Protestant reformer. In 1540, he was burnt to death for heresy, along with William Jerome and Robert Barnes.

Life edit

He matriculated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, on 9 August 1517, graduating B.A. in June 1518, and M.A. in March 1524. Some time during his residence at Oxford he moved to Christ Church (then called Cardinal College), and also went to Cambridge, where he took his B.D. and D.D.

Gerrard was one of the first English Protestants, distributing Lutheran books. In December 1525 Erasmus begs his commendations to him among other ‘booksellers.’ In 1526 he became curate to his friend Robert Forman, rector of All Hallows, Honey Lane; but John Foxe says that he was at Oxford at Easter 1527, and had been there since Christmas 1526, selling Latin books and William Tyndale's translation of the New Testament to the scholars. He had also distributed books at Cambridge.

Foxe says that he had intended to take a curacy in Dorset under a false name, but gave up the plan, and was at Reading some time in 1527, selling many of his books to the prior there. By Christmas, however, he was again hiding at Oxford, until in the middle of February 1528 he was seized by the commissary. He escaped by the help of a friend, but was again captured at Bedminster, near Bristol, on 29 February, and taken to the Somerset county gaol at Ilchester. After an examination on 9 March he was sent to London, examined before the Bishop of Lincoln and the Lord Privy Seal, and afterwards forced to recant before them and the bishops of London (Cuthbert Tunstall) and Bath and Wells. Lincoln complained (1 April) to Thomas Wolsey that Gerard is ‘a very subtyll, crafty, soleyn, and untrue man,’ as his answers differ from the scholars. Foxe gives a detailed account of this capture under a wrong date (1527).

Gerrard finally obtained a pardon from Wolsey, and was employed by him the same year in copying documents. By 1535 he had obtained the king's licence to preach. On 11 July he preached at Jervaulx Abbey, Yorkshire; a monk who interrupted him was taken into custody, and he was sent with letters from Sir Francis Bigod to Thomas Cromwell as a mark of favour. The subject and his fellow martyr, William Jerome, were both, at different times, chaplain to Bigod.[1] Thomas Cranmer recommended him unsuccessfully to Cromwell for the living of St. Peter's, Calais. In June 1536 he was chaplain to the Bishop of Worcester, though in May his old enemy the Bishop of Lincoln had complained of his want of learning and discretion to Cromwell.

Through Cranmer's influence with Cromwell Gerrard was inducted on 14 June 1537 to All Hallows, Honey Lane. He also became chaplain to Cranmer, who sent him in August to preach at Calais. To please Cromwell, who had taken him into favour, Edmund Bonner appointed him to preach after Stephen Gardiner and Robert Barnes at St. Paul's Cross in Lent 1540. Gerrard, like Barnes, argued against Gardiner's sermon on passive obedience, and both of them, together with another Lent preacher, William Jerome, vicar of Stepney, were ordered to publicly recant from the pulpit of St. Mary Spital in Easter week.

The recantation was held to be ambiguous, and Gerrard, Barnes and Jerome were all three sent to the Tower of London and attainted as detestable heretics. Their names and Cromwell's were specially excepted from the king's general pardon of all offences committed before 1 July, and two days after Cromwell's execution[2] they were drawn on a sledge through the middle of the city to Smithfield, and burnt at one stake (30 July 1540). Three Catholics were hanged on the same day. In the auto da fe′, Gerard renounced all heresy and begged forgiveness for faults of rashness and vehemence.

References edit

  • "Gerard, Thomas" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  1. ^ Wilson, Derek. (1972), A Tudor Tapestry: Men, Women, and Society in Reformation England. Pittsburgh, Pa: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 256 note 6. ISBN 0-8229-3242-3.
  2. ^ Dickens, A. G. (1964). The English Reformation. New York: Schocken Books, p. 178
Attribution

  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain"Gerard, Thomas". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

thomas, gerrard, other, people, named, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspap. For other people named Thomas Gerrard see Thomas Gerrard disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Thomas Gerrard news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Thomas Gerard 1500 1540 Gerrard also Garret or Garrard was an English Protestant reformer In 1540 he was burnt to death for heresy along with William Jerome and Robert Barnes Life editHe matriculated at Corpus Christi College Oxford on 9 August 1517 graduating B A in June 1518 and M A in March 1524 Some time during his residence at Oxford he moved to Christ Church then called Cardinal College and also went to Cambridge where he took his B D and D D Gerrard was one of the first English Protestants distributing Lutheran books In December 1525 Erasmus begs his commendations to him among other booksellers In 1526 he became curate to his friend Robert Forman rector of All Hallows Honey Lane but John Foxe says that he was at Oxford at Easter 1527 and had been there since Christmas 1526 selling Latin books and William Tyndale s translation of the New Testament to the scholars He had also distributed books at Cambridge Foxe says that he had intended to take a curacy in Dorset under a false name but gave up the plan and was at Reading some time in 1527 selling many of his books to the prior there By Christmas however he was again hiding at Oxford until in the middle of February 1528 he was seized by the commissary He escaped by the help of a friend but was again captured at Bedminster near Bristol on 29 February and taken to the Somerset county gaol at Ilchester After an examination on 9 March he was sent to London examined before the Bishop of Lincoln and the Lord Privy Seal and afterwards forced to recant before them and the bishops of London Cuthbert Tunstall and Bath and Wells Lincoln complained 1 April to Thomas Wolsey that Gerard is a very subtyll crafty soleyn and untrue man as his answers differ from the scholars Foxe gives a detailed account of this capture under a wrong date 1527 Gerrard finally obtained a pardon from Wolsey and was employed by him the same year in copying documents By 1535 he had obtained the king s licence to preach On 11 July he preached at Jervaulx Abbey Yorkshire a monk who interrupted him was taken into custody and he was sent with letters from Sir Francis Bigod to Thomas Cromwell as a mark of favour The subject and his fellow martyr William Jerome were both at different times chaplain to Bigod 1 Thomas Cranmer recommended him unsuccessfully to Cromwell for the living of St Peter s Calais In June 1536 he was chaplain to the Bishop of Worcester though in May his old enemy the Bishop of Lincoln had complained of his want of learning and discretion to Cromwell Through Cranmer s influence with Cromwell Gerrard was inducted on 14 June 1537 to All Hallows Honey Lane He also became chaplain to Cranmer who sent him in August to preach at Calais To please Cromwell who had taken him into favour Edmund Bonner appointed him to preach after Stephen Gardiner and Robert Barnes at St Paul s Cross in Lent 1540 Gerrard like Barnes argued against Gardiner s sermon on passive obedience and both of them together with another Lent preacher William Jerome vicar of Stepney were ordered to publicly recant from the pulpit of St Mary Spital in Easter week The recantation was held to be ambiguous and Gerrard Barnes and Jerome were all three sent to the Tower of London and attainted as detestable heretics Their names and Cromwell s were specially excepted from the king s general pardon of all offences committed before 1 July and two days after Cromwell s execution 2 they were drawn on a sledge through the middle of the city to Smithfield and burnt at one stake 30 July 1540 Three Catholics were hanged on the same day In the auto da fe Gerard renounced all heresy and begged forgiveness for faults of rashness and vehemence References edit Gerard Thomas Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Wilson Derek 1972 A Tudor Tapestry Men Women and Society in Reformation England Pittsburgh Pa University of Pittsburgh Press p 256 note 6 ISBN 0 8229 3242 3 Dickens A G 1964 The English Reformation New York Schocken Books p 178 Attribution nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Gerard Thomas Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thomas Gerrard amp oldid 1169847191, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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