The McDonaldization of Society was first proposed by sociologistGeorge Ritzer in an article for The Journal of American Culture[1] and expanded in his 1993 book of the same name.[2] Ritzer suggests that in the later part of the 20th century the socially-structured form of the fast-food restaurant has become the organizational force representing and extending the process of rationalization into the realm of everyday interaction and individual identity. McDonald's of the 1990s serves as the case model.[3] The book introduced the term McDonaldization to learned discourse as a way to describe a social process which produces "mind-numbing sameness", according to a 2002 review of a related academic text.[4]
The McDonaldization of Society: 20th Anniversary Edition cover art
In McDonaldization Ritzer expands and updates central elements from the work of Max Weber and produces a critical analysis of the impact of social-structural change on human interaction and identity. The central theme in Weber's analysis of modern society was the process of rationalization; a far-reaching process whereby traditional modes of thinking were replaced by an ends/means analysis concerned with efficiency and formalized social control. Weber argued that the archetypal manifestation of this process was the bureaucracy; a large, formal organization characterized by a hierarchical authority structure, well-established division of labor, written rules and regulations, impersonality and a concern for technical competence. Bureaucratic organizations not only represent the process of rationalization, the structure they impose on human interaction and thinking furthers the process, leading to an increasingly rationalized world. The process affects all aspects of everyday life.
Applications and alternatives to the McDonaldization conceptedit
McDonaldization is mentioned in over 8,600 publications[5] and has been applied to countless institutions from archives[6] to universities[7] and zoos.[8] The McDonaldization thesis has entered the culture and is widely accepted.
However, there are also critics of the concept. Aaron Ahuvia and Elif Izberk-Bilgin argue that while McDonaldization represents a particular collection of forces, there is a countertrend in post-industrial societies they call eBayization.[9] Whereas McDonaldization produces homogeneity and predictability, eBayization provides variety, adventure, and surprise. Tony Blackshaw presents IKEAization as another countertrend, distinguished by seven dimensions •Home (another word for Community) •Democracy •Incalculability and Unpredictability •Provincialism •Protestant Work Ethic •Cool •Freedom.[10]
On the 40th anniversary of Ritzer's article, TheJournal of American Culture published 'Unwrapping the McDonald's model: An introduction to dynamic social theory', in which Titus Alexander argues that "Ritzer's analysis does not enable people to solve social problems or improve society. If anything, it paralyzes people into believing McDonaldization is an unstoppable behemoth they are powerless to influence." Alexander uses McDonald's to illustrate the thesis that institutions are everyday social experiments which embody knowledge about how to do things in society. McDonald's itself continuously adapts to difficult cultures and contexts using nine distinct layers of analysis. Alexander aims to show how social research can empower people to improve society by working on institutions as social models ("dynamic social theories"), citing Toyota, the Buurtzorg model of social care, and cooperatives as alternative models to McDonaldization.[11] A summary of the argument was published in the LSE Impact Blog.
^Ritzer, George (March 1983). "The "McDonaldization" of Society". The Journal of American Culture. 6 (1): 100–107. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1983.0601_100.x. ISSN 1542-7331 – via Wiley.
^Warner, Malcolm (1 December 1993). "The McDonaldization of Society (book review)". Journal of General Management. 19 (2): 86–90. doi:10.1177/030630709301900207. S2CID 220067523.
^"The McDonaldization of society, 6th ed". Reference & Research Book News. 25 (3). August 2010. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
^Gilbert, Elllen D (15 April 2002). "Review: Fast Food, Fast Track: Immigrants, Big Business, and the American Dream". Library Journal. 127 (7): 112. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
^Ciechanowski, Hadrian (2023-09-21). "McDonaldization of archives (an introduction to discussion)". Archeion. 124. doi:10.4467/26581264ARC.23.001.17861.
^Hayes, Dennis; Wynyard, Robin (2022-03-22). The McDonaldization of higher education updated. Routledge Handbooks Online. doi:10.4324/9781003262497-9. ISBN978-1-032-20147-4.
^"The McDonaldization and Disneyization of Zoos". BeautySlayerBlog. 2014-11-12. Retrieved 2023-10-07.
^Ahuvia, Aaron; Izberk-Bilgin, Elif (5 Nov 2011). "Limits of the McDonaldization thesis: eBayization and ascendant trends in post-industrial consumer culture". Consumption Markets & Culture. 14 (4): 361–384. doi:10.1080/10253866.2011.604496. ISSN 1025-3866 – via Routledge.
^Blackshaw, Tony (2010-02-24). Leisure. London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203855959. ISBN978-0-203-85595-9.
^Alexander, Titus (24 September 2023). "Unwrapping the McDonald's model: An introduction to dynamic social theory". The Journal of American Culture. 46 (3): 232–241. doi:10.1111/jacc.13467. ISSN 1542-7331 – via Wiley.
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The McDonaldization of Society was first proposed by sociologist George Ritzer in an article for The Journal of American Culture 1 and expanded in his 1993 book of the same name 2 Ritzer suggests that in the later part of the 20th century the socially structured form of the fast food restaurant has become the organizational force representing and extending the process of rationalization into the realm of everyday interaction and individual identity McDonald s of the 1990s serves as the case model 3 The book introduced the term McDonaldization to learned discourse as a way to describe a social process which produces mind numbing sameness according to a 2002 review of a related academic text 4 The McDonaldization of Society 20th Anniversary Edition cover artIn McDonaldization Ritzer expands and updates central elements from the work of Max Weber and produces a critical analysis of the impact of social structural change on human interaction and identity The central theme in Weber s analysis of modern society was the process of rationalization a far reaching process whereby traditional modes of thinking were replaced by an ends means analysis concerned with efficiency and formalized social control Weber argued that the archetypal manifestation of this process was the bureaucracy a large formal organization characterized by a hierarchical authority structure well established division of labor written rules and regulations impersonality and a concern for technical competence Bureaucratic organizations not only represent the process of rationalization the structure they impose on human interaction and thinking furthers the process leading to an increasingly rationalized world The process affects all aspects of everyday life Applications and alternatives to the McDonaldization concept editMcDonaldization is mentioned in over 8 600 publications 5 and has been applied to countless institutions from archives 6 to universities 7 and zoos 8 The McDonaldization thesis has entered the culture and is widely accepted However there are also critics of the concept Aaron Ahuvia and Elif Izberk Bilgin argue that while McDonaldization represents a particular collection of forces there is a countertrend in post industrial societies they call eBayization 9 Whereas McDonaldization produces homogeneity and predictability eBayization provides variety adventure and surprise Tony Blackshaw presents IKEAization as another countertrend distinguished by seven dimensions Home another word for Community Democracy Incalculability and Unpredictability Provincialism Protestant Work Ethic Cool Freedom 10 On the 40th anniversary of Ritzer s article The Journal of American Culture published Unwrapping the McDonald s model An introduction to dynamic social theory in which Titus Alexander argues that Ritzer s analysis does not enable people to solve social problems or improve society If anything it paralyzes people into believing McDonaldization is an unstoppable behemoth they are powerless to influence Alexander uses McDonald s to illustrate the thesis that institutions are everyday social experiments which embody knowledge about how to do things in society McDonald s itself continuously adapts to difficult cultures and contexts using nine distinct layers of analysis Alexander aims to show how social research can empower people to improve society by working on institutions as social models dynamic social theories citing Toyota the Buurtzorg model of social care and cooperatives as alternative models to McDonaldization 11 A summary of the argument was published in the LSE Impact Blog See also editMcDonaldization Jihad vs McWorldReferences edit Ritzer George March 1983 The McDonaldization of Society The Journal of American Culture 6 1 100 107 doi 10 1111 j 1542 734X 1983 0601 100 x ISSN 1542 7331 via Wiley Warner Malcolm 1 December 1993 The McDonaldization of Society book review Journal of General Management 19 2 86 90 doi 10 1177 030630709301900207 S2CID 220067523 The McDonaldization of society 6th ed Reference amp Research Book News 25 3 August 2010 Retrieved 2 January 2018 Gilbert Elllen D 15 April 2002 Review Fast Food Fast Track Immigrants Big Business and the American Dream Library Journal 127 7 112 Retrieved 2 January 2018 McDonaldization Article Search UW Madison Libraries search library wisc edu Retrieved 2023 10 07 Ciechanowski Hadrian 2023 09 21 McDonaldization of archives an introduction to discussion Archeion 124 doi 10 4467 26581264ARC 23 001 17861 Hayes Dennis Wynyard Robin 2022 03 22 The McDonaldization of higher education updated Routledge Handbooks Online doi 10 4324 9781003262497 9 ISBN 978 1 032 20147 4 The McDonaldization and Disneyization of Zoos BeautySlayerBlog 2014 11 12 Retrieved 2023 10 07 Ahuvia Aaron Izberk Bilgin Elif 5 Nov 2011 Limits of the McDonaldization thesis eBayization and ascendant trends in post industrial consumer culture Consumption Markets amp Culture 14 4 361 384 doi 10 1080 10253866 2011 604496 ISSN 1025 3866 via Routledge Blackshaw Tony 2010 02 24 Leisure London Routledge doi 10 4324 9780203855959 ISBN 978 0 203 85595 9 Alexander Titus 24 September 2023 Unwrapping the McDonald s model An introduction to dynamic social theory The Journal of American Culture 46 3 232 241 doi 10 1111 jacc 13467 ISSN 1542 7331 via Wiley nbsp This article about a sociology related book is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about a book on globalization is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The McDonaldization of Society amp oldid 1185066712, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
