Tel Rosh (Hebrew: תל ראש, "mound of the head"), also known in Arabic as Khirbet Tell ‘er-Ruwesah is an archaeological site located in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel, about 1 km SE of Fassuta, and north of the modern moshav of Elkosh.
The site is an artificial mound, known as a "Tell", with an area of 25 dunams (6.2 acres), located on top of a hill The excavation has revealed that in some period, the settlement at the site has extended to the slopes of the mound. The site is located between the western highlands of the Galilee, characterized by moderate plateaus sloping towards the Mediterranean coast in the east, and the ridge of Mount Meron to the east. The areas to the west are suitable for agriculture. A water source is available at the Elkosh Spring, some 500 meters south of the site. The site is located next to the ancient road which connects the city of Acre with Tebnine. These features have allowed the site to become a significant settlement throughout its long history.[1]
HistoryEdit
Surveys at the site have shown that it was inhabited throughout almost every archaeological and historical period from the Early Bronze Age to the Ottoman Period, spanning roughly 5,000 years. During the Iron Age II period contemporary with the Kingdom of Israel and Phoenicia, it was a regional center. The site was identified with "Beit-Shemesh", mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as a town in the territory of the Tribe of Naphtali (not to be confused with Beit-Shemesh in Judea). A minor excavation was conducted at the site by Israeli archaeologists and a new study has suggested identifying the site with another settlement known in the biblical texts as "Rehob", in the territory of the Tribe of Asher.[1]
The site was explored in the late 19th century by European researchers Victor Guérin and by Conder and Kitchener of the Palestine Exploration Fund.[4][5] The site, which had no proper access, remained overlooked until Israeli archaeologists Ruth Amiran and Yohanan Aharoni surveyed the site between 1948 and 1953, thanks to new roads that were paved. The region was believed to have been sparsely populated because of the harsh terrain and the lack of ancient sources, but the surveys of Amiram and Aharoni have revealed the long occupation record of the site and its archaeological potential. An excavation was planned by Amiram in 1952 but it was never conducted. The site was excavated in 2017 and 2018 by the Kinneret College in collaboration with the Open University of Israel. Four areas were studied, two on the peak of the mound and two in its slopes. The excavation yielded assemblages of pottery from many different periods, remains of architecture, agricultural tools, and more.[6]
Hayah Katz, who headed the excavation, and Yigal Levin, have written in an article that Tel Rosh is the most likely candidate for "Rehob", mentioned in the Book of Joshua 19:28, between Ebron, Hammon and Kanah.[7]
^Strehlke, 1869, pp. 15-16, No. 16; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 125, No. 624; cited in Frankel, 1988, pp. 257, 264
^Strehlke, 1869, pp. 43- 44, No. 53; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RRH, p. 248, No. 934; cited in Frankel, 1988, p. 264.
^Guérin, Victor (1868). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 7: Galilée, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. (pp. 73)
Hayah Katz & Yigal Levin (2020). "Tel Rosh: The forgotten Rehob in the Upper Galilee". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 153: 24–41. doi:10.1080/00310328.2020.1751490. S2CID 225601528 – via Taylor & Francis.
Röhricht, R. (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
Strehlke, E. [in German], ed. (1869). Tabulae Ordinis Theutonici ex tabularii regii Berolinensis codice potissimum. Berlin: Weidmanns.
External linksEdit
Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: IAA, Wikimedia commons
October 20, 2023
rosh, hebrew, תל, ראש, mound, head, also, known, arabic, khirbet, tell, ruwesah, archaeological, site, located, upper, galilee, northern, israel, about, fassuta, north, modern, moshav, elkosh, khirbet, tell, ruwesahshown, israellocation, israelregionupper, gal. Tel Rosh Hebrew תל ראש mound of the head also known in Arabic as Khirbet Tell er Ruwesah is an archaeological site located in the Upper Galilee in northern Israel about 1 km SE of Fassuta and north of the modern moshav of Elkosh Tel RoshKhirbet Tell er RuwesahTel RoshShown in IsraelLocation IsraelRegionUpper Galilee IsraelCoordinates33 02 28 6 N 35 19 57 9 E 33 041278 N 35 332750 E 33 041278 35 332750Grid position181 271 PALTypeTellSite notesExcavation dates2017 2018 Contents 1 Site 2 History 3 Research 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 External linksSite EditThe site is an artificial mound known as a Tell with an area of 25 dunams 6 2 acres located on top of a hill The excavation has revealed that in some period the settlement at the site has extended to the slopes of the mound The site is located between the western highlands of the Galilee characterized by moderate plateaus sloping towards the Mediterranean coast in the east and the ridge of Mount Meron to the east The areas to the west are suitable for agriculture A water source is available at the Elkosh Spring some 500 meters south of the site The site is located next to the ancient road which connects the city of Acre with Tebnine These features have allowed the site to become a significant settlement throughout its long history 1 History EditSurveys at the site have shown that it was inhabited throughout almost every archaeological and historical period from the Early Bronze Age to the Ottoman Period spanning roughly 5 000 years During the Iron Age II period contemporary with the Kingdom of Israel and Phoenicia it was a regional center The site was identified with Beit Shemesh mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as a town in the territory of the Tribe of Naphtali not to be confused with Beit Shemesh in Judea A minor excavation was conducted at the site by Israeli archaeologists and a new study has suggested identifying the site with another settlement known in the biblical texts as Rehob in the territory of the Tribe of Asher 1 In the Crusader era it was known as Roeis and in 1183 it was noted that Godfrey de Tor sold the land of the village to Joscelin III 2 In 1220 Jocelyn III s daughter Beatrix de Courtenay and her husband Otto von Botenlauben Count of Henneberg sold their land including Roeis and the nearby Cassie Dayr al Qassi to the Teutonic Knights 3 Research EditThe site was explored in the late 19th century by European researchers Victor Guerin and by Conder and Kitchener of the Palestine Exploration Fund 4 5 The site which had no proper access remained overlooked until Israeli archaeologists Ruth Amiran and Yohanan Aharoni surveyed the site between 1948 and 1953 thanks to new roads that were paved The region was believed to have been sparsely populated because of the harsh terrain and the lack of ancient sources but the surveys of Amiram and Aharoni have revealed the long occupation record of the site and its archaeological potential An excavation was planned by Amiram in 1952 but it was never conducted The site was excavated in 2017 and 2018 by the Kinneret College in collaboration with the Open University of Israel Four areas were studied two on the peak of the mound and two in its slopes The excavation yielded assemblages of pottery from many different periods remains of architecture agricultural tools and more 6 Hayah Katz who headed the excavation and Yigal Levin have written in an article that Tel Rosh is the most likely candidate for Rehob mentioned in the Book of Joshua 19 28 between Ebron Hammon and Kanah 7 See also EditKedeshReferences Edit a b Katz and Levin 2020 pp 1 2 Strehlke 1869 pp 15 16 No 16 cited in Rohricht 1893 RRH p 125 No 624 cited in Frankel 1988 pp 257 264 Strehlke 1869 pp 43 44 No 53 cited in Rohricht 1893 RRH p 248 No 934 cited in Frankel 1988 p 264 Guerin Victor 1868 Description Geographique Historique et Archeologique de la Palestine in French Vol 7 Galilee pt 1 Paris L Imprimerie Nationale pp 73 Conder C R Kitchener H H 1882 The Survey of Western Palestine Memoirs of the Topography Orography Hydrography and Archaeology Vol 1 London Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund p 245 Katz and Levin 2020 pp 2 4 Katz and Levin 2020 pp 12 13Bibliography EditHayah Katz amp Yigal Levin 2020 Tel Rosh The forgotten Rehob in the Upper Galilee Palestine Exploration Quarterly 153 24 41 doi 10 1080 00310328 2020 1751490 S2CID 225601528 via Taylor amp Francis Rohricht R 1893 RRH Regesta regni Hierosolymitani MXCVII MCCXCI in Latin Berlin Libraria Academica Wageriana Strehlke E in German ed 1869 Tabulae Ordinis Theutonici ex tabularii regii Berolinensis codice potissimum Berlin Weidmanns External links EditSurvey of Western Palestine Map 4 IAA Wikimedia commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tel Rosh amp oldid 1144541574, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
